高考英语专题复习（倒装句）英语的基本语序是“主语＋谓语”。

如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序叫做“倒装”。

倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）；一是为了强调。

英语中常见的倒装句，除了某些疑问句和以引导词there开头的固定倒装句型外，还有下列一些情况：1．在以here, there或out, in, up, down, over, away, off, upstairs / downstairs等副词开头的句子里，表示强调。

在这种情况下只需将动词直接提前而并不需要用助动词的帮助来构成倒装。

1)There goes the bell.2)Here comes the bus.3)Out rushed the children.4)Away went the boy.※ 但在这样的结构中，若主语是人称代词时，只需将被强调的副词提前，而主语和谓语的语序是不变的。

如：1)Here it is. (不能说Here is it.)2)Away he went. (不能说Away went he.)2．直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时也用倒装。

1)“What the child said is true,” said the father.2)“What does it mean?” asked the boy.3．only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句子开头时。

1)Only then did I realize that I was wrong.2)Only in this way can you learn from your mistake.3)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.※ 当only 之后所接的不是状语时不可以用倒装。

如：Only Comrade Zhang knows about it.4．含有否定意义的副词或连词，如hardly, never, not, not only, little, seldom, scarcely, barely, no sooner, not once 等放在句首时。

1)Never shall I forget it.2)Not a single mistake did he make.3)Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started. (= No sooner had I reached the bus stop than the busstarted.)4)Not only was everything he had taken away from him, but his German citizenship.※ 另外，当含有否定意义的状语提前时，谓语也要倒装。

5)By no means (= never) did he go to the countryside with you.6)Without any money on him did he go to town.7)Not until his mother came back did he went to bed.8)At no time(= never) will I give up.5．当句首状语或表语为表示地点的介词短语时，也常常引起全部倒装。

1)South of the city lies a big steel factory.2)Under the desk is your pen.3)From the valley came a frightening sound.4)They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.6．当表语位于句首时，倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”。

1)Present at the meeting were Professor Smith and many other guests.2)Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.3)Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candies and toys.7．用于so, nor, neither, no more 开头的句子，表示重复前句的部分内容。

原句的谓语应与前句的谓语的时态、形式相一致1)She is a tailor. So is her mother.2)You can ride a car. So can I.3)The first one is not good, nor is the second.4)He doesn’t like football, neither do I.5)If you don’t go there, no more will I. (= You will not go there. I won’t, either.8．表示结果so…that或such…that也可以构成倒装。

6)So clever is he that he can do the work well.7)In such a hurry did he come running that he was out of breath.※ so that表示目的时，不能用倒装。

9．当虚拟语气的条件句省略if时可将were, should和had提至句首构成倒装。

1)Were he here, he would help you. (= If he was/were here, …)2)Should he come tomorrow, what would you do? (= If he should come, …)3)Had you met him yesterday, you could have learnt more from him. (= If you had met him yesterday, …) 10．Although / Though构成的让步状语从句可以用局部倒装。

1)Pretty as she is, she is not clever. (= Although/Though she is pretty, …)2)Hard as he worked, he couldn’t support his family. (Though he worked hard, …)3)Try as he would, he might fail again. (= Though he would try again, …)4)Child as he is, he knows a lot. (Though he is a child, …)注意：若表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词。

以上各句中的as均可用though, 但as更常用。

※ 在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，如果主句较长，也可实行全部倒装。

5)Difficult as was the chemistry homework, it was finished in time.11．当often, many a time等状语位于句首时也常用倒装。

1)Often does he come to visit me.2)Many a time have I been to Beijing.12．表示祝愿、祈祷的句子常用倒装。

1)Long live our Communist Party!2)May you be happy!13．有时要强调宾语，可以将宾语提至句首，但谓语无须倒装。

That book he kept for himself.巩固训练第一部分：历届高考题选1.I like sports and __________ my brother.A. so doesB. so isC. soD. so like2.He can’t drive a car, __________.A. so can IB. can’t I eitherC. I can’t tooD. neither can I3.She is not fond of cooking, __________ I.A. so amB. nor amC. neither doD. nor do4.No sooner had he finished his talk __________ he was surrounded by the workers.A. asB. thenC. thanD. when5.Helen doesn't like milk and __________.A. so I don’tB. so don’t IC. either I doD. neither do I6.Only in this way __________ progress in your English.A. you makeB. can you makeC. you be able to makeD. will you able to make7.__________, he doesn’t study well.A. As he is cleverB. He is as cleverC. Clever as he isD. As clever he is8.— I don’t think I can walk any further.—__________. Let’s stop here for a rest.A. Neither am IB. Neither can IC. I don’t think soD. I think so9.— Did you enjoy that trip?— I’m afraid not. And __________.A. my classmates don’t eitherB. my classmates don’t tooC. neither do my classmatesD. neither did my classmates10.— John won first prize in the contest.— __________.A. So he didB. So did heC. So he did, tooD. So did he, too11.After that we never saw her again, nor __________ from her.A. did we hearB. we heardC. had we heardD. we have heard12.Not until the early years of the 19th century __________ what heat is.A. man did knowB. man knewC. didn’t man knowD. did man know13.Not until I began to work __________ how much time I had wasted.A. didn't realizeB. did I realizeC. I didn’t realizeD. I realize14.Not until all the fish died in the river __________ how serious the pollution was.A. did the villagers realizeB. the villagers realizeC. the villagers did realizeD. didn’t the villagers realize第二部分：补充练习1.Look, __________.A. here the bus comesB. here is the bus comingC. here comes the busD. here the bus is coming2.— Where is Kate?— Look, __________. She is at the school gate.A. there she isB. there is sheC. here you areD. here it is3.Which of the following sentences is correct.A. In the teacher came.B. In did come the teacher.C. In did the teacher come.D. In came the teacher.4.Out __________, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rushB. rushed heC. he rushedD. he did rush5.__________, he is honest.A. As he is poorB. Poor is heC. Poor as he isD. Poor as is he6.__________, he knows a lot of things.A. A child as he isB. Child as he isC. A child as is heD. Child as is he7.__________, you can’t lift yourself up.A. Even you’re strongB. Strong as you areC. How strong you areD. In spite you’re strong8.So carelessly __________ that he almost killed himself.A. he drivesB. he droveC. does he driveD. did he drive9.Early in the day __________ the news __________ the enemy were gone.A. come; thatB. came; thatC. comes; thatD. came; what10.Only when you realize the importance of foreign languages __________ them well.A. you can learnB. can you learnC. you learnedD. did you learn11.Only after liberation, __________ to be treated as human beings.A. did they beginB. they had begunC. they did beginD. had they begun12.Not only __________ to stay at home, but he was also forbidden to see his friends.A. he was forcingB. he was forcedC. was he forcingD. was he forced13.Not until his father was out of prison __________ to school.A. can John goB. John can goC. could John goD. John could go14.Never before __________ seen such a stupid man.A. am IB. was IC. have ID. shall I15.Rarely __________ such a silly thing.A. have I heard ofB. I have heard ofC. I have been hearing ofD. have I heard from16.Little __________ about his own health though he was very ill.A. he caredB. did he careC. does he careD. he cares17.Seldom _________ him recently.A. I metB. I have metC. have I metD. didn’t meet18.Hardly __________ down __________ he stepped in.A. had I sat; thanB. I had sat; whenC. had I sat; thenD. had I sat; when19.No sooner __________ asleep than she heard a knock at the door.A. she had fallenB. had she fallenC. she had fellD. had she fell20.He did not see Smith. __________.A. Neither did IB. Nor didn’t IC. Neither I didD. So didn’t I21.I don't know how to swim, __________.A. and my sister doesn’t neitherB. nor my sister canC. nor does my sisterD. and my sister does either22.— You ought to have given them some advice.—__________, but who cared what I said.A. So ought youB. So I oughtC. So did youD. So I did23.— It was hot yesterday. — __________.A. It was soB. So was itC. So it wasD. So it did24.She’s passed the test. __________.A. So am IB. So have IC. So I haveD. Also I have25.— You like football very much. — __________.A. So do IB. It is the same with meC. I do tooD. So I doKEY:1—10. ADBCD BCBDA 11— 14. ADBA1—10. CADCC BBDBB 11—20. ADCCA BCDBA 21—25. CDCBD。