Teaching procedures:
Five
steps:
1) 2) 3) 4) 5)
warm up/ revision; presentation; activities/ practice/drills consolidation summary and homework
Teaching procedures
Dealing with errors
Errors and mistakes Dealing with spoken errors When to correct How to correct
Errors and mistakes

Mistake:’, which is a failure performance to a known system. Error: related to learners’ language competence. Do not result
Classification of questions •Closed questions •Open question •Display questions •Genuine questions •Lower-order questions •Higher-order questions
Bloom classified questions as follows
4.2 Principles for good lesson planning

Aim Variety Flexibility Learnability Linkage
Macro planning vs. micro planning.

Lesson planning should be done at two levels:
Knowledge Comprehension Application
Analysis Synthesis Evaluation
Criteria for effective questioning
Clarity Learning value Interest Availability Extension Teacher reaction
Unit 5 Classroom Management
Roles of teachers Classroom instructions Student grouping Discipline in the language classroom Questioning in the classroom Dealing with errors
What’s micro planning?
Micro
planning is a planning for a specific unit or a lesson. It usually lasts from one to two weeks or forty to fifty minutes.
1) understanding the aims and language contents of the lesson; 2) distinguishing the various stages of a lesson; 3) Giving teachers the opportunity to anticipate potencial problems . 4) becoming aware of the teaching aids that are needed. 5)Good planning give teachers ,especially novice teachers more confidence . 6)Planning is a good practice and a sign of professionalism.

PPP model
practice production
presentation
PWP model Skill-oriented sson: reading or listening

pre-reading/ listening
while-reading/ listening
postreading/ listening
Components of a lesson plan



Background information Teaching aims Language contents and skills Stages and procedures Teaching aids End of lesson summary Optional activities and assignments After lesson reflection

Act immediately. Stop the class. Rearrange the seats. Change the activity. Talk to students after class. Create a code of behaviour.
Questioning in the classroom
5.3 Student grouping
.

The most common student groupings: Whole class work /lockstep pair work group work individual study
Further suggestions about student grouping.
Macro planning
Micro planning
What’s Macro planning?
Macro planning is planning over a longer period of time: a whole programme or a whole-year course.
Macro planning involves the following: Knowing about the profession; (course: what to teach) Knowing about the institution; (school: time arrangement, facilities, requirements, etc.) Knowing about the learners; Knowing about the syllabus (curriculum); Know about the textbook; Know about the objectives;
Unit 4
Lesson Planning
Why important? Principles of good lesson planning Macro planning and micro planning Components of a lesson plan
Language teachers benefit from lesson planning in:
The roles of the teacher

Harmer defines the teacher’s roles as:
Controller
participant
assessor
resource provider
prompter
organizer
Teacher’s new roles (Fu Daochun 2001)
Discipline vs. indiscipline
Causes of discipline problems
The teacher The students The institution
Measures for indisciplined behivours ( by Harmer)


1) When working in whole class work, the teacher should not speak too much. 2) When organizing pair work, the teacher should give the clearest instructions. If necessary, the teacher should demonstrate with one student first. 3) Although pair work and group work can provide students more chances for practice, individual study should not be totally neglected.
Functions of questioning:
•to focus students’ attention; •to invite thinking and imaginations; •to check understanding; •to stimulate recall of information; •to challenge students; •to assess learning.

Teachers as facilitators Teachers as guides Teachers as researchers
5.2 Classroom instruction
Classroom instructions refer to the type of language teachers use to organize or guide learning. Rules for making instruction effective.