Lesson3MacroPolo学案一、第三、第四课中重点单词及词组词汇相关提示1. amaze vt. 使惊愕（惊奇）2. confuse vt.使困惑3. break out（坏事）突然发生，爆发4. put into prison 关进监狱5. stand by 坚持（某种）说法6. quantity n. 量，数量辨析surprise，astonish，shock与amaze 的用法break构成的短语归纳学习和辨析辨析a large quantity of 和quantities of的用法二、重难点词汇讲解：1. amaze vt. 使惊愕（惊奇）to be surprised ;to overcome with wonder her changes amazed me when i saw her two days later. amazing adj. 令人惊奇的；amazed adj. 感到惊奇的辨析surprise，astonish，shock与amaze surprise 表示“让人诧异，出乎意料”，最常用，语气也最弱；astonish 表示“使大吃一惊”，语气稍强；shock 表示“使震惊”语气最强。
amaze 表示“使惊奇，困惑”，常含有惊叹佩服之意。
如：her refusal surprised us all. 她的拒绝使我们都感到惊讶。
your knowledge astonished me. i was shocked at the news of her death. 听到她去世的消息我十分震惊。
2. confuse vt. 使困惑to fail to see the difference between the person and the performance; to mistake one thing for anotheri am confused by whatyou said. 你说的话把我搞糊涂了。
confusing adj. 使人困惑的；confused adj. 困惑的；confusion n. 困惑，糊涂。
3. break out（坏事）突然发生，爆发to happen suddenly; to burstfighting broke out between the two. 双方开始了交战。
（1）表示“发生，爆发”之意的occur/happen /take place /break out /come about都不能用于被动语态。
（2）break 的常见短语：break up 打碎，分裂，解体，驱散；break down 损坏，出故障，拆毁，失败，崩溃；break in 突然打断；break into自行闯入，破门而入；break off 中断，折断，突然停止，断交；break out 爆发，突然发生；break through 冲破，穿透，克服；break away from 脱离……；break the law 违法；break the ice 打破僵局辨析：break out，happen与take placebreak out 多表示“战争、火灾、疾病、争吵等爆发”。
a big fire broke out last night in the hotel. 昨天夜里这家旅馆发生了一场大火。
happen多指“偶然发生，意外地发生”。
如：the accident happened outside my house. 事故就发生在我家房子的外面。
take place 多指“有计划或事先安排好地发生”，偶尔也指意外发生。
如：when will the sports meeting take place?运动会什么时候举行？4.put into prison 关进监狱5. stand by 坚持（某种）说法与stand有关的动词搭配：6. quantity n. 量，数量amount or number; how much there isof something that you can quantify 共4页，当前第1页1234you must drink a large quantity of water. 你必需喝大量的水。
扩展：a large /great /huge quantity of 和quantities of 都表示“大量的，许多”，在句中用作定语，既可修饰可数名词（复数），也可修饰不可数名词，一般只用于肯定句中。
如：a large quantity of young people are fans of the “super voice girls”. large quantities of waste water flow into the river without being done anything with. quantity 表示“数量”；quality 表示“质量”。
如：without quantity there can be no quality. 没有数量也就没有质量。
重难点句式讲解和分析：1. why was the emperor impressed by marco?皇帝为什么对马可印象很深？impress vt. 意为“留下印象，使铭记”，impress一般不用于进行时。
常用结构为impress sb. by/with sth. 给某人留下……印象impress sth. on sb. 使某人牢记某事make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象。
the girl impressed her friends with her sense of humour. the manager was greatly impressed by his talent. the teacher impressed on us the value of honesty. the beautiful scenery here made a deep impression on him. 2. the walls were covered in gold and silver and the hall was so large it could easily seat 6000 people for dinner. 墙用黄金和白银砌成，宫殿大到可以轻而易举地容纳6000人同时进餐。
这是一个由and 连续的并列复合句，在第二个分句中，so large 后面省略了that，（that）it could easily seat 6000 people for dinner 是一个结果状语从句。
so …that …表示“如此……以致……”。
拓展：sit 为不及物动词，意为“坐，坐下”。
如：they seated the guests of honor first. 他们先安排贵宾入座。
i was seated at the back of the classroom. 我坐在教室的后面。
i saw some villagers sitting at the back of the classroom. i saw some villagers seated at the back of the classroom. 我看到一些村子里的人坐在教室后面。
3. however, marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about china. 然而，马可很幸运地遇到了另一个喜欢听他讲中国故事的囚徒。
该句中的enough用作副词修饰形容词lucky. 当enough修饰形容词或其他副词时，必须置于被修饰词之后，且常与不定式或for 短语连用。
如：he didn’t work hard enough and failed the examination. the man was unfortunate enough to lose his new car. 那人把新车丢了，真够倒霉的。
the bird was lucky enough to escape being caught. 这只鸟很幸运，刚好没被逮住。
拓展（1）enough也可用作形容词表示“足够的”，当修饰名词时，可置于名词之前，也可置于名词之后作定语。
如：is there enough room/ room enough for threemore men ?we have enough food/ food enough for everyone. （2）enough还可用作名词，意为“足够、充分（的东西）”。
如：he couldn’t earn enough to keep a family of four. i have said enough to explain my views. 共4页，当前第2页12344. although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that marco’s stories about china were too fantastic to be true. 虽然人们喜爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可的关于中国的故事太离奇，令人难以置信。
too…to…结构通常表示否定意义，意为“太……以致不能……，太……而没有……”。
如：father is too busy to spend much time with me. the box is too heavy for you to lift. 拓展：too…to …结构常与not …enough to …和so …that …not …结构转换。
如：the child is too young to go to school. the child is not old enough to go to school. the child is so young that he can’t go to school. 辨析：当too 后为glad/pleased/ready/willing/thankful. /delighted 等表示某种心情的形容词，或为good/kind/true等描绘性形容词时，too…to…结构表示肯定意思。
如：the film is only too good to see. 这电影很好，值得看。