Please refer to the exercise on Page 144
A flock of hungry pigeons were flying across the sky in search of food. Having traveled a long distance, they felt tired and settled down on a tree. Just below the tree, they saw grains strewn (撒满) all over the ground. The pigeons were happy to have found enough food to eat. All the pigeons came down from the tree and started eating the grains. As they were doing so, a huge net fell on them and trapped them all. The pigeons were taken aback. They noticed a hunter sitting at a distance from the tree, a bow and arrow in hand. The pigeons realized it was the hunter who had trapped them in the net. The hunter got up and began to move towards the pigeons. The leader of the pigeons spoke, “Friends, we are in great trouble. The hunter will catch us if we do not act swiftly in a few seconds. There is only one option available at this moment. Let all of us use our force together and fly up along with the net. If all of us use our force and fly together, we can fly carrying the net along with us. Let us start now.” All the pigeons agreed with him and flew high carrying the net along with them. After traveling enough distance away from the hunter, the pigeons settled on a tree and carefully came out of the net one by one and thus escaped the evil design of the hunter.
从理论上来讲，主旨题是各类题型中要求 最高的，因为它要求考生看完文章后，能 对文章的大概框架作一个宏观把握，从而 解答后面的题目。 一般都可以找到文章主题句，或者是可以 体现文章主题的句子或单词。一般一定具 有概括性和结论性
寻找主旨大意的方法 1. 依靠标题判断 2. 根据主题句判断 Ａ主题句出现在句首，段内，句尾，重复出 现，隐含 Ｂ排除干扰项 a. 选项所反映的是文中局部的信息，以偏概 全，不可取 b. 选项概括范围过宽 c.选项提供的是无关信息，不考虑
主旨大意题
常见提问形式 What does the passage mainly discuss? What is the best title for the passage? What is the main subject (theme) of the passage? What is the purpose of the passage? What is the main idea expressed in the passage? With what topic is the passage primarily concerned? What is the main idea of the last paragraph? The author’s purpose of writing this passage is ___
Extractive industries, such as mining and lumbering, use up our natural resources.
3.从上下文的对比中猜测词义 One cause of the Civil War was economic and political rivalry between the agrarian South and the industrial North. 4.利用常识进行判断 Even the gifted teacher had difficulty making clear to the secondary school classes such as abstruse subject as Einstein’s theory of relativity.
测试形式
多项选择题共20道，考试时间为20分钟，阅读材料共５篇， 1800个单词．
选材原则
１题材广泛，包括社会，科技，文化，经济，人物传记等 ２题材多样，包括记叙文，描写文，说明文，议论文等 ３材料难度中等，关键词汇基本上不超过＜大纲＞规定的 范围．
良好的阅读方法与习惯
阅读方法与技巧
略读(skimming): 概要性阅读，意在掌握文章的主 旨，判断有无自己感兴趣的信息或材料，比 如阅读日常报刊杂志，或查寻所需材料．平 时训练需做到： 1速度快，准确率达50~60% 2 特别注意文章标题，副标题，小标题与某些标点符 号，如破折号，引号等 3 通常应认真阅读文章的第一二段以及最后一段 4 注意文章中出现的各种连接手段．通过掌握表示对 比，转折，因果，总结等不同逻辑关系的各种连接 手段来把握文章的结构．
由Conclude提问的题目，一般会涉及原文 中结论性，观点性的语言，尤其是段落首 末的句子。 而infer提问的题目，如果题干信息比较多 比较具体，一般可以当作细节题来处理， 如果题干信息比较少，则考查原文观点结 论的语言，甚至文章主题.
4.题目中使用suggest一词 5.题目中使用seem一词，要求根据所读的印象回答 问题，根据文章中各种线索进行分析推理 6.考题中有数字计算或大小比较． 7.题目中用名词impression，要求通过主观的分析 推理 8.题目中使用most probably, clearly这类词，表 示选项都为可能的推理，要求考生选出合理的 个． 9.考题中用do you think 短语提问，要求考生拿出 自己的主意
推理题
推理题提问的方式有很多，比如suggest， imply，indicate，conclude infer等。 What can be inferred from the passage? What can be concluded from the passage?
推理题
答题原则：以表面文字信息为依据进行分析推理， 既不能做出原文中没有依据的推理，也不能根据 表面文字信息做逐步推理． 推理题常见的形式 1. 题目中使用infer一词，明确要求考生进行推理 判断 2. 题目中用imply一词，要求考生推理得出文章中 没有直接表达的内容 3. 题目中使用conclude一词，要求根据文章内容 得到某种 推论
4. 问频率或数量 How often… How many… 5. 其他形式 How do… What happens to…?
反选题的提问方式 反选题比例比正选题高些．提问方式通常采取大 写的NOT或表示否定的前缀． Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage? 细节题干扰项 1. 原文中没有提到干扰内容，或找不到语言依据 2. 选项内容与原文相矛盾 3. 将原文中说Ａ的特征移到Ｂ头上 4. 选项内容为原文中的某个事物的部分特征，不 全面．

查读(scanning)： 带有具体目的，不必阅读全部 材料而能快速准确扫描定位所需信息． 要求：熟悉材料编排方式与具体内容所在的 位置，查阅的准确性达100%
精读(intensive reading)
常见的题型与解题技巧 主旨大意题 细节理解题 词汇理解题 推理题 作者态度题
阅读中词汇的处理
词汇题一般考查一个单词的含义，一个词组 的意思，或者一个句子的言外之意。
词汇题需要考生从上下文中进行分析，推敲 单词背后的意思，强调上下文逻辑分析 Please refer to the exercise on Page 18
作者态度题
考查作者对一个中心话题的看法，也可以考查作 者对某一具体细节的态度 根据作者的态度或论调做出判断．通常作者的态 度不直接表露出来，而是通过它所用的语气，论 调来体现．在回答此类题时须仔细阅读文章开头， 了解短文的主旨大意，并特别注意作者使用的修 饰语．
词汇理解题
根据构词法猜测词义 根据上下文和逻辑词语猜测词义 1. 从句子结构推测词义 Preparation for this change gives the student confidence and competence from the beginning and makes him an effective and attentive listener. 2. 根据提供的信号词猜测词义, 信号词包括be, mean, be called, be named, for example, similarly, consequently, that is to say etc.