.一、词性的分类. 学生1.名词noun n. student boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange你代词pronoun pron. you who, she, it 2. 形容词adjective adj. happy 高兴的good, right, white, orange 3. adv. quickly迅速地very, often, quietly, slowly 4.副词adverbam, is, are, have, see cut 砍、割verb 5.动词v.one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth 6.数词numeral num.art. a 一个an, the7.冠词articlein, on, from, above, behind. ...在preposition prep. at 8.介词和but,before .conjunction 9.连词conj. and二、名词▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词box, child, orange；,如：oil,water, news, 是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。
如：▲不可数名词population,information .、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
1 1）名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下：;..①在单数名词词尾加s。
如：map →maps, boy→boys, horse→horses, table→tables.②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如：class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes, bench→benches.[注]：少数以o结尾的词,变复数时只加s。
如：photo→photos, piano→pianos.③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。
如：family→families, city→cities,party→parties.④以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。
如：shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves,life→lives, knife→knives.2）不规则变化：man→men, woman→women, sheep→sheep,tooth→teeth, fish→fish, child→children, ox→oxen, goose→geese不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。
如：a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.2、名词所有格：1）名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。
2）(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加's。
如：Childern's Day(儿童节), my sister's book(我姐姐的书)(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。
只在词尾加'。
如：Teachers' Day(教师节)(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加's.today's newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes' break(十分钟的课间休息),China's population(中国的人口).;..短语来表示所有关of,一般均可用介词(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词系。
.党的好女儿)(a fine daughter of the Partythe 我阿姨家), 如：my aunt's(3）①‘s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,)(诊所doctor's Lily'sLucy and 如的形式,：A 物有某时,可以采用and B's 人②两共)露西和丽丽合住的卧室bedroom(myfriend of 称为双重所有格,如：a of+ ③“名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,)我的一位朋友)我父亲的一位朋友, a friend of mine(father's(即时训练写出下列名词的复数形式：box ___________ wife _______ child________ city______ dress _______Englishman ________exam________ German __________ match _______ Chinese ________ zoo ________1. The commander said that two_____ would be sent to the Iraqi front the next day.A. women's doctorB. women doctorsC. women's doctorsD. women doctor2. “Look! The police ______ here to keep order! Go away quickly,”he shouted.A. is comingB. comesC. are comingD. has come3. She could not speak English, but made her wishes known by means of _____.A. signsB. sighsC. movementsD. words4. In my opinion, what he told us just now about the affair simply doesn't make any_____. A. idea B. meaning C. sense D. point;..5. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _____.A. intention B. attempt C. purpose D. desire6. ________ food is kept in his new cave, but at last Saddam was still arrested.A. Large quantities ofB. A great deal ofC. A large number ofD. Quite a fews try operating the machine right now. '––Let7.Wait. Better read the _____first.––A. instructionsB. explanationsC. informationD. introduction8.The rest of the magazines________ within half an hour.A. is sold outB. was sold outC. were sold outD. are sold outd have more _____of catching the train if you took a bus to the station 9. You'instead of walking.A. opportunityB. chanceC. timeD. energy10.The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses________ much if people leave things________ they are.''t change; like D. dont change; as B. aren A. doesn''t changed; like C. dont change; ast accept anything from such a person, but I found it difficult to '11. I knew I shouldnturn down his _____.A. offerB. suggestionC. requestD. plan12.____it is to gather with President Bush at such a special Thanksgiving Day in Iraq! ;..A. what a funB. what funC. how funD. what joy13. Oh., John________ you gave us!A. How a great surpriseB. how pleasant surpriseC. what a pleasant surpriseD. what pleasant surpriset________ in teaching. '14 He is________ as a leader but he hasnA. success; many experiences B. a success; much experienceC. great success; an experienceD. a great success; a lot of experiencesWho did you spend last weekend with?15 —s'' C. The Palmers D. The Palmer—________. A. Palmer's B. The Palmers三、冠词a / an不定冠词an用在元音开头的词的前面。
用在辅音开头的词前面用在单数名词的前面,a;There is a dog lying on the但不具体说明何人或何物。
如：(1)表示某一个人或东西,).(有一只狗躺在地上。
groundA elephant is much stronger than以区别于其他种类。
如：(2) 表示某类人或事物,)不能译为：一头大象比一个人强壮。
(大象比人强壮多了。
)(a man.他是英语教He is a teacher of English.表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。