高中英语虚拟语气总结虚拟条件句Q: What’s the difference between the two sentences?If I am free, I will visit you. (______条件句)If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. (______条件句)a. 真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。

真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思条件从句主句一般现在时 will \shall+动词原形e.g. What will you do if it rains tomorrow?I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.The football match _______ put off if it______(rain).b. 虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。

I. 虚拟语气？虚拟语气就是表示与真实情况相反的一种假设、愿望或推测。

Subjunctive mood is the verb form used to express a wish; a suggestion; a command or a condition that is contrary to a fact.If I ________(be ) the girl, I________________(want )a big hug.If I ______(meet ) Obama, I________________ (shake) hands with him.1.同现在事实相反的假设条件从句主句过去式(were) should/would/mould/might/+ doIf I had a lot of money, I would donate some to the people in need.2.与过去事实相反的假设条件从句主句had done would/should/could/might + have donee.g. If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident in May, 2009.If I had time last night, I would have gone to see the film with you.If I had realized it then, I would have bought a lower floor.a. If Tom ________ (be) more careful in the exam, he ________________ (pass) it already.b. If you _______ (get) up earlier, you ________________ (catch) the first train.3.与将来事实相反的假设条件从句主句did/ were to do/ should do would/should/could/might + have doneIf he got up early tomorrow, he would be on time.=If he were to get up,……=If he should get up early tomorrow，……a. If there ________ (be) no natural resource any more in the future, we ___________ (make) use of nuclear power(核动力).b. If Robots _____________ (control) the world some day, here ________ (be) no friendship.总结：if虚拟条件句II.(时间)混合虚拟条件句即：If虚拟条件句与主句的时间不一致1.如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。

If you ______________ my advice, you _________ able to finish the work now. 2.如果我的你，我就去参加她的生日晚会。

If I ______ you, I ________________ to her birthday party.3.假若你不借钱给我，我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。

If you ___________ me some money, I couldn’t ___________ the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now.III. 省略if 的虚拟条件句的倒装If I were Obama’s daughther, I would be happy.→If I had had another chance, I would have run faster.→Conclusion: 在虚拟条件句中，如果条件句中有were, had(助动词)，should时，可以使用倒装结构，但if必须省略。

若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后。

If you were the manager here, what would you do?=___________the manager here, what would you do?If he should act like that again, he would be fired immediately.=___________ act like that again, he would be fired immediately.If I were not so busy, I would go with you.___________ so busy, I would go with you.Exercise:1. _______ she a man, she might be elected president.2. If I ______ a bee, I _______ work much harder.3. If my father _____ here now, he __________ (tell) me what to do.4. If I ___________________(live) in the 22nd century, I _____________(spend) my vocation in a very different way.5. The volleyball match will be put off if it ______(rain).IV. Wish后宾语从句的虚拟(1) 表示对现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用过去式 (be动词一般用were) 。

I wish I ______(be) as tall as Yao MingI wish I ______(be) a bird.(2) 表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。

I wish I_____________(not eat) so much watermelon.(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形式为“would / could / migh t＋动词原形”。

(无should)I wish it __________ (rain) tomorrow.wish 的宾语从句现在：过去时（did/were）过去：过去完成时 (had done)未来：would/could/might+doI wish I ______ (be) a bird.（现在）I wish I ___________ (make) such a mistake.（过去）We wish our parents_________________ (punish) us. （将来）Exercise:1. I wish I _______________(be) able to have a word with Danny when he was here last week.2. How I wish I ______________________ (sing) as well as she.3. I wish very much you __________________manage to come over.V. V. + as if/though从句中的虚拟1.从句所设想的时间与主句动作同时发生. 过去式(be用were)It looks as if she were sick.2. 从句所设想的时间先与主句谓语. “had＋过去分词”。

I feel as if we had known each other for years.Exercise:(1) He behaves as if he______(own) the house.(2) She talks about Rome as though she __________ (be) there herself.(3) 他那样对待我, 好像我是陌生人似的。

___________________________________Conclusion: Wish和as if/ though 的虚拟语气只要把被假设情况的时态往前推一个就可以了。

比如，与一般现在时相反就推到过去时，过去时推到过去完成时…VI. Would rather + (that)从句中的虚拟现在: 过去时would rather (that)+ 过去: 过去完成时未来: 过去时1.I would rather you ______(pay) me now.2. I would rather you ___________ then, too.3. Don’t come. I would rather you _________ (come) tomorr ow.VII. “(should) do型”虚拟语气（主要用在名词性从句中）1. 表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气宾语从句中常见动词: 一个坚持, 两个命令, 三个建议, 四个要求。