It won‘t work here. 这里不适用 We tried that. 我们试过
It‘s all about one-piece flow. 单件流
5-S is cleaning up your desk. ―5S‖就是打扫你的办公
桌
We‘re different. 我们不一样
Lean, what does it mean 什么是‖精益生产‖? Five lean principles ‖精益‖五原则 Value added and seven wastes 增值和七大‖浪费‖ What is lean enterprise 什么是‖精益‖企业 Lean transformation result 精益改善结果 How to transform 如何进行精益生产模式转换 Lead time reduction guidelines 缩短生产周期的方法
如何从‖产品‖的角度看制程
Understand key concepts to remove waste from any process.
在制程中消除浪费
Understand lean transformation model
了解精益生产转换模型
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Content
Lean production history 精益生产发展历程
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Trends Of Thought
Interchangeable Parts 可互换部件 Eli Whitney Standard Costing标准成本 Model Variety 型号多样化 Jidoka自动化 S. Toyoda Just - In – Time 及时化生产 K. Toyoda
Assembly Line组装线 Waste Elimination 消除浪费 System Synchronization
Mass / Batch 批量 Alfred Sloan Mass Production大规模生产 Henry Ford
Toyota Production System丰田生产系统 T. Ohno
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1900
1925
1950
1975
2000
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Mass Production
Craft Age
Hand production (artisans) Low fixed cost, high marginal cost High price
Industrial Age
Mass production (assembly line) High fixed cost, low marginal cost Lower price
It is a sequence of actions that add value
to create the customers ―product‖ It includes value and non value added steps (in form of value enabling steps)
工作环境安全
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Value to the Customer
Value-Added Work 增值工作 Steps that are essential
because they physically change the product/service, the Customer is willing to pay for them and are done right the first time 必要步骤,改变产品或服务,客户 愿意付钱.且第一次做好. Non-value-Added Work非 增值工作 Steps that are considered nonessential to produce and deliver the product or service to meet the Customer‘s needs and requirements. Customer Is not willing to pay for these steps.非必 要步骤,并未改变产品或服务,客户不 愿意付钱.
By eliminating waste, all kinds of waste 消除浪费
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The Lean process
The output of an ideal person, group of people, or machine is thought of as:
• defect free. 无缺陷 • can be supplied on demand. 按需按量提供 • can be delivered without any waste of time. 不延迟交货 • can be produced without wasting any materials, labour, energy, or other resources (such as money associated with inventory). 生产无浪费 ( 材料,劳动力, 能源或其他资源) • can be produced in a work environment that is safe physically, emotionally, and professionally for every employee.
Lean Enterprise Overview
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Learning objectives
Understand the five Lean Enterprise principles.
明白精益五原则
Know the concept value added and non-value added activities.
The product price will become lower with dozens of production, i.e. we want to produce more and more of the same product. (大批量生产, 成 to OverCapacity
Supermarket Systems超市化系统
Time & Motion时间,移动 Division of Labor劳动分工 F. Taylor
Quality品质 E. Deming, J.M. Juran
Employee Partnership雇员合作 P. Drucker
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What is lean
- Best Quality 最好的品质 - Shortest Lead time最短的制造周期 - Lowest Cost 最低的成本
Producing what is needed, when it is needed, with the minimum amount of materials, equipment, labor, and space. 在需要的时候,用最少的物料, 设备,劳动力和空间生产出恰好数量的产品
What is WASTE?
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Focus On The Addition Of Value content of a process, • As an example of determining the value added
examine a football game:
Factory lean transformation example 企业‖精益‖生产案例
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What is Lean? 什么是‖精益生产‖? What is Lean Enterprise? 什么是‖精益‖企业?
Misconceptions About Lean 对精益生 产的误解
It‘s a factory thing. 工厂才用的着
Example: Defect rework
Steps that are not essential to the Customer, but that allow the value-adding tasks to be done better/faster Ex. Kitting and Set-up
Mass 大量生产
• Interchangeable parts – Whitney 可互换部件 • Division of labor – Taylor劳动分工 • Assembly lines – Ford组装线 Lean 精益生产 • Low variety – Ford变异小 • Beyond the factory超越生产 • Labor strife劳资冲突 • High variety多样,灵活 • Small batch sizes小批量生产 • Higher quality品质好 • Engaged workforce全员参与
Zero inventory 零库存 Only about reducing workers 不过是削减工人
Arriving At A Lean Enterprise 精益企业发展历程
Craft 手工生产作坊式生产
• Made to customer spec按客户要求生产 • Single piece mfg .... each product unique 每件产品各不相同 • Variable quality 品质有起伏 • Little inventory 库存小 • High cost .... made for the rich 成本高…富人才买得起
Value-Enabling Work
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The Value stream Waste elimination
What is value STREAM?
The value stream is all the steps and processes required to bring a specific product from raw materials to finished product in the hands of the customer. Analyzing the entire flow of a product will almost always reveal enormous amounts of waste and non value-added sequences.