There are end groups on the chain that are different from the repeat units, but these usually represent a negligible portion of the molecule, so they are seldom drawn.
4
Chapter I
Introduction
5
1. Fundamental Concepts
6
1.1 What is a polymer?
A polymer is a large molecule comprised of repeating structural units joined by covalently bonds.
8
degree of polymerization 聚合度
Note that all three representations are equivalent. One usually chooses the representation that emphasizes the monomer (单体) from which the polymer was made.
ed., Oxford University Press, 2019 • George Odian, “Principles of Polymerization”, 2nd ed., John
Wiley &Sons, Inc., New York, 1981.
• /k/511/
• 冯新德，《高分子合成化学》 化学工业出版社，1980。 • 林尚安 等，《高分子化学》科学出版社，2000。 • 赵德仁，张慰盛，《高聚物合成工艺学》化学工业出版社，
2019。 • Malcolm P. Stevens “Polymer Chemistry, an Introduction”, 3rd
Welcome to
Polymer Chemistry
1
Content
• Polymer and its structure • Mechanism of polymerization reactions • Process of polymerization • The reactions of polymer
(Hermann .Staudinger,1924)
Poly comes from the Greek word for "many" and mer comes from the Greek word for "parts“.
7
methane
gasoline
wax
polyethylene
carbon
甲壳素 壳聚糖
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Synthetic Materials
Annual Production of Polymer Materials (million ton)
Year Plastics Synthetic fiber Synthetic rubber Total
* China
1970 27 4.9 5.5 38
polymer macromolecule
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1.2 Flowchart of Polymeric Materials
Inorganic • Natural
– Clays • Bricks • Cement • Pottery
– Sands • Glass
• Synthetic
– Fibers
Organic • Natural
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Polymer(聚合物) vs Macromolecule(大分子)Βιβλιοθήκη Macromolecule
Polymer
molecule with high molecule weight molecule comprised of repeating unit
Sample
Polyethylene DNA Protein
– Polysaccharides
– Proteins – Polyisoprene • Synthetic – Plastics – Fibers – Rubbers – Adhesive – Coatings –…
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Polymer is everywhere
12
In Nature
Cellulose, Starch, DNA, Protein
2
Schedule
• Chapter 1 Introduction
3 hr
• Chapter 2 Radical Polymerization
12
• Chapter 3 Radical Copolymerization 6
• Chapter 4 Polymerization Process
3
3
Reference Books
1980 53 12 13 78
1990 107 24 23 154
2000 175(11*) 35 (6.4) 44 (0.9) 254
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General Plastics(通用塑料)
15
Engineering plastics(工程塑料)
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Synthetic rubber, elastomer (合成橡胶和弹性体)
polyolefin paper glass aluminium
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1.3. Definitions
CH2CH n Cl
O
O
NH(CH2)6NHC(CH2)4C n
structural unit
结构单元
repeating unit
重复单元
The degree of polymerization (DP) in a polymer molecule is the number, n, of repeating units in the polymer chain.
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Synthetic fibers(合成纤维)
Kevlar Vest
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Fine polymers(精细高分子)
19
Functional polymers(功能高分子)
20
Plastics vs Steel
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Energy Consumption
22
Green or not?
Ideal material