What are 情态动词(modal verbs)?
情态动词的特点 • 情态动词有一定的意义 • 无人称和数的变化 • 通常不带to ,后接动词原形 • 表示说话人的语气或情绪
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情态动词备考方向:
• 1. 各情态动词的基本用法; • 2. 易混淆情态动词的辨析; • 3.情态动词在特定语境中的用法 • 4.虚拟语气中情态动词的用法.
can be very cold. • He’s good-tempered. However, he can
be hard to deal with when offended. • Even an experienced teacher can make
mistakes.
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• 3)表示许可/允诺 • ---Can/Could Tom use the car?
• 2. 猜测 “肯定,准是”
• She must be watching TV now.
• There must be some mistake.
• It must have rained last night. The ground is so wet.
• 3. “偏要,硬要”
• If you must smoke, please go out.
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5.Should 的用法
• （１） 用于表示义务或责任 You shouldn’t drink and drive. Visitors should inform the receptionist of their
(2) shall用于第二，三人称表示：
a. 允诺或强烈的意志
It shall be done as you wish.
You shall get a bike as your birthday present.
B. 肯定会发生的事情
That day shall come.
C.命令或必须执行之事．
This law shall have effect in Scotland.
• 4. 否定,表示 “禁止”
• You mustn’t play with fire. You may hurt
yourself.
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must对比have to
• 1) 两词都是‘必须’的意思，have to 表示客观的需 要， must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必 要。
• My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middl用于疑问句或表示提议的句子，请 求听者决定之． 1)---Shall we go together? ---Yes, let’s. 2)---Shall I get you a chair? ---Yes, please. 3)---Shall the visitor come in now? ---I’d rather he came in later.
• He said that they must work hard. • 2) have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有
一种形式。 • He had to look after his sister yesterday. • 3） 在否定结构中： don‘t have to 表示“不必”
• ---Yes , he can. • You can have my seat. I am going now.
• 4) 表示推测 • 1) ---Someone is knocking at the door.
Who can it be? Can it be Scarlet? • ---No, it can’t be her. She called from
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How many modal verbs can you remember?
will/would
can/could
have/had to
may/might
used to modal verbs
shall/should ought to
dare
must need
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1. can/could
• 1)表示能力 • He can play table tennis quite well. • 2) 表示事物一时的特征, 理论上的可能性 • It’s always warm here, but sometimes it
• 2)表示可能性的推测
• Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her.
• It’s so late. I thing he may/might have gone to bed.
• You might have given him more help, but why didn’t you?
Tokyo just now. • 2) He can not have forgotten it. • 3) The accident could have been avoided.
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2. may/might
• 1)表示请求\许可
• ---May/Might I come in?
• ---Yes, you may.
mustn’t 表示“禁止” • You don‘t have to tell him about it.
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4.Shall的用法
(1). Shall 常用于第一人称表示简单的将来
When shall well meet again?
I shall have finished my homework by Friday.
• 3) may用于祈使句表示祝愿
• May you succeed!
• May you return in safe!
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3. must
• 1. 必须
• Must I say “sorry”?
• Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.
• You must see a doctor.