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初中英语四大时态知识点

一般现在时一、概念:1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。

标志词或短语(带有表示频率的时间状语):always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc。

) ,never, sometimes , seldom , usuall y等等She only write to her family once a month.她一个月只给家里写一封。

I go to work by bike every day。

我每天骑自行车上班。

2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。

. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV.3)表示客观真理. There are seven days in a week.The sun rises in the east 。

日出东方。

Ten minus two is eight。

十减二等于八。

Light travels faster than sound 。

光的速度比声音的速度快。

The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美国位于太平洋西岸。

4) 根据英文语法规定,当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时,那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。

主句表将来,从句要用一般现在时。

例:I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时,我将告诉他这个消息。

If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details。

如果你接受这份工作,他们将和你谈谈细节。

二、句式结构:1)主语 + be动词 + 其他2)主语 + 行为动词 + 其他三、句式转换1)be 动词的一般现在时的句式转换:肯定句:主语+be+表语(n., adj.等)否定句:主语+be+ not+表语.一般疑问句:Be+主语+表语回答:Yes, 主语+be./No,主语+be + not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语回答:主语+be+其它2). 实义动词的一般现在时的句式转换:①如果主语是I/We/You/They及名词复数,谓语动词不用做任何变化,即仍然用动词原形表示:肯定句:主语+动词原形+其他否定句:主语+don't +动词原形+其他一般疑问句:Do+主语+动词原形+其他回答: Yes,主语+do. /No,主语+don't .特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+ do+主语+动词原形+其他②主语是第三人称单数,肯定句: 主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句: 主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他一般疑问句: Does+主语+动词原形+其他回答: Yes,主语+does /No,主语+doesn't 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+ does+主语+动词原形+其他. Danny is a good student. . Jenny speaks English very well.Danny isn’t a good student.Jenny doesn’t speak English very well.Is Danny a good student Does Jenny speak English very well四、动词三单变化规律1)一般动词,在词尾加-s ; 如:work -- works live --lives sing –sings2) 以,-s, -x, -sh, -ch结尾的加-es。

如:teach----teaches wash ----washes miss ---- missespass ---- passes mix ---- mixes fix ---- fixespush----pushes wish ---- wishes3)以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i,再加-es。

注意一定是辅音字母加y才变,若是元音字母加y,则直接加-s。

如:fly →flies try →tries fry →flies copy →copies buy →buys enjoy→ enjoysplay→ plays say →says pay →pays4)以辅音字母+o结尾的词,一般情况是在词尾加esgo –-- goes do --- does5)特殊情况:have ---- has am/are ---- is现在进行时一、概念:1、现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作,强调“此时此刻”。

.: He is reading . They are talking now.2、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

. :They are working these days.二、句式结构:主语 + be动词 + 动词ing + 其他三、句式转换:肯定句:主语+be+动词ing + 其他否定句:主语+be+ not+动词ing + 其他.一般疑问句:Be+主语+动词ing + 其他回答:Yes, 主语+be./No,主语+be + not.特殊疑问句:What + be + 主语 + doing (+其他)四、动词ing变化形式:1)一般情况下,动词后直接加-ing,如:work --- working buy – buying visit --- visiting talk --- talking say--- saying2)以不发音的e结尾,把e去掉,再加-ing,如:take--- taking have ---- having leave --- leaving drive ---- driving write --- writing make --- making 3) 以重读闭音节结尾,双写末尾辅音字母,再加-ing,如:stop --- stopping shop – shopping run --- running4) 特殊变化:lie --- lying一般过去时一、概念:1)过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。

. I bought a new shirt yesterday. He was a worker two years ago.2)过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。

. When I was a child,I often played with fire. Li Lei always walked to school last term.3)谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。

. Lu Xun was a great writer.4)有些发生时间不是很清楚的情况,实际是过去发生的,也应用过去时态。

. What did you say二、句式结构:1)主语 + was/ were + 其他2)主语 + 行为动词过去式 + 其他三、标志语:yesterday、... ago、in 1990、last ...、at that time 、just now等三、句式转换1)be 动词的一般过去时的句式转换:肯定句:主语+was/ were+表语(n., adj.等)否定句:主语+ was/ were+ not+表语.一般疑问句:was/ were+主语+表语回答:Yes, 主语+was/ were./No,主语+was/ were + not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+was/ were+主语+其他回答:主语+was/ were+其它2). 实义动词的一般过去时的句式转换:肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其他否定句:主语+didn't +动词原形+其他一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其他回答: Yes,主语+did. /No,主语+didn't .特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+ did+主语+动词原形+其他四、动词一般过去时变化规律1)一般动词,在词尾加-ed ; 如:. work-----worked; ask------asked;2)以e结尾的动词只加-d.. arrive-----arrived; like-----liked.3)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed.. shop-----shopped; step ----- stepped4)以"辅音字母+y"结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed.. carry----carried; study------studied.5) 常见的不规则动词及其过去式,如:. fly------flew; break-----broke; teach-----taught;be ----- was/were; buy ----- bought; have ----- had;come ----- came; do ----- did; write ----- wrote;get ----- got; go ----- went; leave ------ left;meet ----- met; read ----- read; see ------ saw;send ----- sent; spend ----- spent; swim ----- swam;take ----- took; catch ----- caught say------said一般将来时一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态二、标志语:tonight,in the future,tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天),in+段时间(在...之后)等。

三、基本结构:①肯定句:主语+be going to + do…;否定句:主语+be not going to + do…;一般疑问句:Be + 主语+ going to + do…回答:Yes, 主语+be;/No,主语+ be not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+be +主语+ g oing to +do…②肯定句:主语+will+ do….否定句:主语+will not (won’t) +do…一般疑问句:Will +主语+do…回答:Yes,主语+will;/No,主语+won’t.特殊疑问句:疑问词+will+主语+do…③肯定句:主语(只能为I /We)+shall +do…否定句:主语(只能为I /We)+shall not (shan’t)+do…一般疑问句:Shall you do…回答:Yes, I shall;/No, I shan’t特殊疑问句:疑问词+shall you do…※注意:some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换例如:①I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.②We are going to go for a walk this weekend.→Are you going to go for a walk this weekend③I’m going to New York soon.→Who’s going to New York soon.④My father is going to watch a match with me this afternoon.→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon⑤She’s going to go to bed at nine.→When is she going to bed四、be going to和will 的区别be going to和will 的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况,但它们的用法是有区别的。

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