A text is a product of all three. The three metafunctions of language are closely related to context and realized in the lexicogrammar of language. They are interwoven in discourse.
Metafunctions of Language
M.A.K. Halliday
12英语2班 翁京京 马密密 王雅莛 唐晓雯 唐苑
A British-born Australian linguist who developed the internationally influential systemic functional linguistic model of language.
逻辑功能
The experiential function 经验功能
It refers to the grammatical choices that enable
speakers to make meanings about the world around us
and inside us. 经验功能指的是语言对人们在现实世界（包括内心世界） 中的各种经历的表达。换言之，就是反映客观世界中所 发生的事、所牵涉的人和物以及与之有关的时间、地点 等环境因素。
The logical function
逻辑功能
Halliday describes the logical function as those systems
“whichnships between o
ne clausal unite and another”
The ideational function is to convey new informatio n, to communicate a content that is unknown to the hearer.
•The experiential function 经验功能
•The logical function
逻辑功能指的是是语言对两个或两个以上的意义单位之 间逻辑关系的表达。
Interpersonal function
The Interpersonal function embodies all use of language to express social and personal relations. 人际功能是指语言具有表达说话者身份、地位、态度、 动机和对事物的判断、参加社会活动、建立社会关系 等功能。
Conclusions
The first two functions are used to form discourse. And the discourse will represent the surroundings you exist.
According to Halliday, every sentence in a text is multifunctional and has three meta-functions simultaneously. This is the essential nature of a functional theory.
The End ……
元认知是认知的认知，是反映或者调节认知活动的任一方 面的认识或者认知活动。
“元语言意识”指儿童对语言，文字一般结构特征的认 识和操作。
• Ideational function 概念功能
• Interpersonal function 人际功能
• Textual function
语篇功能
Ideational function
Interpersonal function is realised by MOOD(语气) and MODALIYT(情怀).
Textual function
The term encompasses all of the grammatical systems responsible for managing the flow of discourse. 语篇功能是指语言中存在着一种机制将口头或书 面的话语组织成连贯统一的语篇，这种机制的实 际的言语区别与一系列随意的句子，尽管两个句 子在概念功能和人际功能方面可能完全相同，但 就语篇功能而言可能存在较大区别。
Meta-cognition is defined as “cognition about cognition”, or “knowing about knowing”. It comes from the root word “meta”. It includes knowledge about when and how to use particular strategies for learning or problem solving.