法律英语词组（—）1.bar exam 司法考试，律师执业考试2.hold bachelor’s degrees in the humanities and social sciences 在人类学和社会科学持学士学位3.autonomous entity 自治体，自治系统4.faculty of law, law school 法学院monwealth countries 共和国，联邦6.Juris Doctor or Doctor of Jurisprudence (J.D.) 法律专业博士7.attorney at law 律师，法律上的代理人practicing lawyer 执业律师，开业律师8.sit for a bar exam 参加司法考试，参加学位考试9.diploma privilege 学位特权10.Legum Doctor (LL.D.) [美]法学荣誉博士11.judical clerkship 法院书记员职位12.legal education 法学教育13.vocational courses 职业课程14.bachelor’s degree 学士学位parative Law 比较法16.Master of Laws (LL.M.) / Master of Jurisprudence (M.J.) 法学硕士17.call to the bar 取得律师资格18.LSAT法学院入学考试The Law School Admission Test19.MCAT医学院入学考试The Medical College Admission Test20.article 律师事务所实习（二）21.autonomous political 政治自治体22.codified constitution 成文宪法uncodified constitution 不成文宪法23.constitutional courts 宪法法院24.statutory law 成文法25.a simple majority 简单多数26.civil rights 民权，公民权利27.national legislature 国家立法机构28.supreme law 最高法29.constitutional amendments 宪法修正案30.a national referendum 全民公决31.the division of sovereignty 权力配置32.parliamentary sovereignty 议会（制）主权33.separation of powers 分权，权力分离34.canon law 教会法规35.supremany clause (宪法至上条款)，至上性条款36.federal constitution 联邦法院37.bicameral Congress两院制国会38.Supreme Court 最高法院39.the first ten amendments being known as the Bill of Rights美国宪法修正案前10条为“权力法案”40.Article of Confederation and Perpetual Union 美利坚邦联条例41.James Madison——The Father of the Constitution 美国宪法之父42.powerful bicameral legislature with House and Senate 强有力的参议院和众议院（house）的两院立法43.life-terms of service服务终身制，Benjamin Franklin本杰明·富兰克林44.due process clause 正当程序条款45.Magna Carta 自由大宪章46.Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia 费城会议（三）47.civil procedure 民事程序，民事诉讼程序48.American Bar Association 美国律师协会49.service of process 送达50.attorney general 首席检察官，司法部长51.statements of case 案情陈述书52.inherent jurisdiction 固有管辖权53.alternative dispute resolution 非诉讼纠纷解决机制54.criminal procedure 刑事诉讼程序55.state supreme court 州最高法院56.state court system 州法院体制57.High Court of Justice [英]最高法院58.legal costs 法律成本59.beyond reasonable doubt 合理疑点（四）60.due process of law 正当法律程序61.legal proceedings 法律程序62.natural justice 自然正义，实体正义63.procedural justice 程序正义64.concurring opinion 配合意见65.legal persons 法人66.unenumerated rights 未列举的权力67.due process clause 正当程序条款68.corporate personhood 社团法人69.substantive due process 实体性正当程序70.procedural due process 程序性正当程序71.federal government 联邦政府72.U.S. Constitution 美国宪法73.Edward Coke 爱德华·柯克（自然，程序，正义）对普通法影响74.legal authority 法律权威75.freedom of the press 新闻自由76.liberty of conscience 良心自由77.Queen’s Bench 王室法庭78.House of Commons 英国（下议院），平民院（五）79.criminal punishment 刑事惩罚ernment supervision 政府监控81.criminal codes 刑法典82.civil infractions 民事侵害权→8983.criminal consequences 刑事后果84.The Law of the Twelve Tables 十二铜表法85.physical or corporal punishment 肉刑，体罚86.house arrest 监视居住，（本宅）软禁87. retribution（惩罚，报应）, deterrence（威慑，制止）, incapacitation（剥夺）, rehabilitation （改造，矫正）, restitution（补偿，赔偿）88.utilitarianism 功利主义，实利主义89.civil infraction 民事侵害90.criminal sanctions 刑事处分，刑事制裁91.capital punishment 死刑92.parole 假释93.probation 缓刑94.cross examination 交叉询问95.Babylonian law 巴比伦法96.Code of Ur-Nammu 《乌尔拉姆法典》97.Code of Hammurabi 《汉漠拉比法典》98.felony [律]重罪99.prosecuting attorney 检察官100.Court of Appeal 上诉法院（六）101.contractual duties 合同责任，契约责任102.tortious conduct 侵权行为103.intentional tort 故意侵权104.duty of care 注意义务105.strict liability 严格责任106.real property 不动产（交付）尤其指房地产107.movable property 动产（登记）108.breach of fiduciary duty 违背信托责任109.false imprisonment 非法监禁110.no-fault party 无过错方no-fault [美]（汽车保险）不追究过失责任均予赔偿的，[律]无责任的111.tort liability 侵权责任112.punitive damage 惩罚性损害赔偿113.criminal detention 刑事拘留114.property rights 财产权115.analogy in criminal law 刑事类推116.product liability 产品责任117.abuse of process 滥用诉讼程序或权利118.malicious prosecution 恶意控告（七）119.breach of contract 违约120.civil law systems 民法法系121.capacity 行为能力，formalities 形式要件122.legally binding offer 有法律效力的要约123.unilateral contract 单方合同，单边合同124.unjust enrichment 不当得利125.statute of frauds 禁止欺诈法，防止欺诈法126.inviation to treat 邀请投标人作交易127.collateral contract 附属合同128.Justice Denning 丹宁法官129.equitable doctrine 衡平法则130.applicable law of contract 合同准据法131.oral contract 口头合同132.verbal contract 口头契约133.implied in fact 事实上的默示（八）134.transfer of property 财产转让135.contractual rights 契约权利，合同权利136.proprietary right /ownership right所有权137.personal property 个人财产动产138.personal rights 人身财产139.contributory negligence 共同过失nd tenure 土地租佃制度141.right of publicity 公开权142.bill of review 上诉状Black’s Law Dictionary 《布莱克法律词典》143.real estate 不动产（尤指房地产）（九）144.intellectual property 知识产权145.copyright 版权，著作权146.industrial property 工业产权147.World Intellectual Property Organization 世界知识产权组织（WIPO）148.trademark 商标149.patent holder 专利持有方150.intangible assets 无形资产151.industrial design right 工业设计权152.trade secret 商业秘密153.circuit court 巡回法院154.marginal cost 边际成本155.protectionist legislation 保护贸易立法156.free culture movement 自由文化运动157.exclusive rights 专有权158.derivative works 演绎作品159.Universal Copyright Convention 世界版权公约160.moral right 人格权，精神权利（十）161.Uniform Commercial Code 统一商法典(UCC)162.bill of exchange 汇票163.civil code 民法典164.safety laws 安全法mercial transaction 买卖，交易166.accident insurance事故保险167.Occupational Safety and Health Act 职业安全与健康法168.National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws统一州法全国委员会(NCCUSL)169.stock exchange 证券交易所170.limited liability 有限责任180.sole traders 独资企业（十一）181.the Wall Street 华尔街182.securities regulation 证券法规183.National Association of Securities Dealers 全美证券商协会184.New York Stock Exchange 纽约证券交易所185.futures 期货186.primary market 初级市场187.secondary market 二级市场188.Investment Company Act 《投资公司法案》189.blue sky laws 蓝天法modity Futures Trading Commission 日用期货贸易委员会191.Securities Investor Protection Act 《证券投资者保护法》192.Public Utility Holding Company Act 公用事业控股公司法193.trust indenture act 《信托契约法》194.Investment Advisers Act 《投资顾问法》（十二）195.Internortional Law 国际法196.public international law (or international public law 国际公法197.Universal Declaration of Human Rights 《世界人权宣言》(UDHR)198.UN Charter 《联合国宪章》199.private international law 国际私法200.soft law 软法201.conflict of laws 冲突法202.maritime law 海商法203.constitutional rights 宪法权利mercial arbitration 商务仲裁205.World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织(WTO)206.international criminal law 国际刑法207.multinational corporation 跨国公司208.outer space 太空，外层空间209.intergovernmental organization (IGO) 政府间组织210.state immunity 国家豁免211.municipal law 国内法（十三）世界贸易组织212.General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税及贸易总协定（GATT）213.trade barriers 贸易壁垒214.the use of quotas 配额的运用215.dispute settlement 争端的解决216.Most Favoured Nation (MFN) 最惠国217.National Treatment 国民待遇218.free-riding 搭便车（十四）法律文书219.doctrine (n.教义，教条)of stare decisis 遵循先例原则220.judge made law 法官造法221.citation 案例出处222.cause of action 案由223.facts 事实情节224.issue 法律争议225.dissenting opinion or dissent 反对意见226.concuriing opinion 配合意见227.affirm 维持原判228.reverse 驳回原判229.power of attorney 授权委托书230.Arbitration Agreement 仲裁协议书。