5. 强调 emphasize, focus, underline, underscore
stress, highlight, spotlight, accentuate
focus on, lay emphasis/stress on
attach importance to, pay attention to
远 近
far away near, close
台阶，进步 step by step, progress, advance make progress
过去， 历史 in the past, history 昨天 yesterday 上个月 last month 去年 last year
前所未有的，unprecedented 长久以来，很久以前，long before
citizen, urban residents / inhabitants
farmer, peasant, rancher, agriculturist universal, worldwide, international, transnational, global, transcontinental, all over the world, across boundaries
1. 整体，全部，总共 whole, all, total, entire, complete, overall general, universal, integral, gross, intact,on the whole, all in all 2. 团结，统一，团聚 united, unification, gather, get together 所有国家 所有人，人民群众
笔记符号
• • • • • • 一、图形符号 二、人体行为符号 三、标点符号 四、数学符号 五、中文符号 六、谐音符号
七、化学符号 八、生物符号 九、地图标识 十、英文符号 十一、货币符号 十二、其他符号 十三、关联词/路标词
一. 图形符号
state, kingdom, country, nation, national, federal city, metropolis, cosmopolis, metropolitan, urban, municipal
多国，其他国家 other countries 国民经济 national economy domestic, native, internal, interior, at home
foreign, overseas, abroad, alien, exotic, out of the country, beyond seas, in the foreign land
2. 评论 comment, remark, evaluate appraise, review
开罗宣言，Cairo Manifesto 赞扬 speak highly of, praise
批评 criticize
众说纷纭，若干说法 various opinions
1. 听, listen to 2. 开放, be open to
双边协议，bilateral agreement 多边协议，multilateral agreement
发展，develop, development
发达的，developed
发展中的，developing
⊕
1. 开始 begin, start, initiate, open, originate, launch, pioneer commence, inaugurate
2. 杰出 great, well-known, outstanding, remarkable, excellent, perfect, brilliant, distinguished, notable, eminent, promising, prominent, prestigious, glorious, noteworthy, 3. 主要 main, chief, primary, major, dominant, overwhelming 4. 精彩 wonderful, terrific, splendid, fantastic, marvelous
道路，方法 method, way, road, means, measure approach, manner, access, route, course mode, by means of, by way of
1. 歪曲 twist, distortion of fact 2. 困难，挫折 difficulty, hardship, trouble, painful, tough, frustration, setback
二. 人体行为符号
smile, happy, glad, pleased, excited in a good mood unhappy, sad, unsatisfied, angry, in a bad mood
Q
1. 说 tell, state, announce, express, claim, address, declare, argue, vow, explain, Introduce, report
1. 卖 sell 2. 获利 make a profit
1. 去，到 go 2. 引起，导致，为了 result in, lead to 1. 买 buy 2. 投资 invest
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增加；上升；提高；完善；繁荣 increase, heighten, enhance, grow, lift soar, rise, raise, elevate, ascend flourish, advance, update, improve prosperity, boost, give boost to, go up
2. 关系 interaction, relation, relationship partnership
双边关系，bilateral relationship 多边关系，multilateral relationship
举杯，祝贺，协议，条约 toast, agreement, treaty, contract Convention, revolution
the most important
1. 特点，特色，特征 mark, feature, character, symbol, sign, characteristic, speciality peculiarity, attribute 2. 代表 represent, symbolize, typify, stand for, on behalf of
3. 抛弃，放弃 abandon, desert, discard 4. 倒闭，下岗 bankrupt, lay off, resign, retire
5. 死亡，已故的 kill, murder, die, pass away, the late 6. 解决，达到，实现 overcome, settle, solve, address, realize, achieve, accomplish, fulfill
改革开放 reform and opening up 爱，关心 love, concern, care about 吓唬，威胁 scare, threaten
:
1. 看 ，面对 observe, view, glance, stare, notice glimpse, scan, skim, witness, gaze 2. 想 think, consider, regard, conceive ponder, suppose, imagine, meditate speculate, contemplate
village, farm, outskirt, countryside, suburban, rural areas
右上角：人 右下角：地方、地名、机构
领导，监督; 顶点，顶级，最 lead, supervise, head, peak, top, supreme, utmost, maximum, climax
宏观调控，macro-control 首都 capital city
1. 重要 important, significant, key, critical, crucial, essential, vital, eventful, principal, core, of great importance/ significance/ consequence
3. 揭示，显示，看出 show, suggest, indicate, reveal, discover, reflect
←
1. 来 come 2. 收到 ，受到 receive 3. 需要，缺少 need, require, want, be short of, 4. 邀请，应邀 invite, on invitation 愿意接受 accept with pleasure
in and out of the country, at home and abroad
进口 import
出口 export 进出口 import & export 飞行员 pilot 飞机场 airport 中国人 Chinese people
广场 square, plaze 经济实体 economic entity，economist 金融家，金融机构 financial institution boss, leader, chairman, ruler, chief, manager, president, majesty, governor, director, supervisor, monitor 国家领导人，政府首脑 state leader