Unit 11. faith Un. 信任，信念，信心+in ；宗教信仰We always have faith in the quality of your products.a strong faith2. consequently adv. 因此，所以My car broke down, and consequently I was late.3. aim Cn. 目标，目的，意图Un. 瞄准v. 努力，力争；瞄准，对准The main aim of the course is to improve your writing skills.What’s your aim in life?take aim at…The hunter took aim at the lion.We aim to give every student an equal chance of education.We study day and night, aiming at winning the scholarship.The hunter aimed his gun at a deer but didn’t shoot.4. conventional adj. 传统的，按惯例、习俗办事的，守旧的Internet connections through conventional phone lines are very slow.5. typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的+ofThe painting is typical of his early works.6. evident adj. 明显的，明白的It is evident that he is the best person for the job.It must be evident to all of you that he has made a mistake.7. adopt v. 采用，采纳；收养，过继We’ll adopt a new plan to help the victims.His mother had him adopted because she couldn’t look after her son herself.8. possess v. 拥有，占有，具有Because of his gambling, he lost everything he possessed.possession n. 拥有；个人财产，私人财物（常pl.）Dangerous drugs were found in her possession.She was found in possession of dangerous drugs.9. convince v. 使确信，使明白+sb. of sth.；说服+sb. to do sth.He convinced me of the difficulty of the work.He parents cannot convince her that she has made a wrong decision.I’ve been convincing John to come with me.10. coincidence. n. 巧合；巧合的事—I’m going to Paris tomorrow. —What a coincidence! So am I.By coincidence, we were travelling on the same train that way.11. a great deal 大量的+of Un.12. score n. 二十three score and ten studentsscores of studentsa score of students13. on the one hand … on the other hand…一方面…另一方面…On the one hand, I’d like to eat out, but on the other hand, I should try to save money.on the other hand 另一方面He is clever, but on the other hand, he makes many mistakes.14. attempt v. 努力，使徒，尝试The prisoners attempted to escape, but failed.You have attempted a difficult task.I attempted walking along the rope.15. allergic adj. 过敏的+to sth.I don’t like cats because I’m allergic to them.16. aggressive adj. 好斗的，挑衅的，侵略的；进取的A successful business has to be aggressive.17. in the flesh 亲自，本人，活生生地He looks much shorter in the flesh than on the TV.18. bunch n. 串，束+ofI’ll send her a bunch of flowers.19. preference Un. 偏爱，爱好，喜爱+for…Cn. 偏爱的事物A polar bear has a preference for cold weather.in preference to =rather than 而不是20. display v./n. 展出，陈列，展示All the exam results will be displayed on the notice board.on display=on show 陈列，展出21. appeal to 吸引The cartoon appeals to many young people.appeal v. 上诉，申诉+to ；呼吁，恳求+to sb. for sth.22. reputation n. 名声，名誉have a good/bad reputationdamage/ruin one’s reputationearn/establish/build a reputation23. house v. 给…提供住所；收藏，安置The government promised to house the refugees.The collection is currently housed in the British Museum.Unit 21. poetry Un. 诗（总称）poem Cn. 诗poet Cn. 诗人2. convey v. 传达，送达+sth. to sb. ；传送，运送，输送+sb./sth. from…to…Please convey my thanks to your wife.A taxi conveyed us to the train station.3. rhyme n. 韵v. 押韵4. flexible adj. 可弯曲的，有弹性的，柔韧的；可变通的，灵活的We can visit you on Saturday or Sunday. Our plans are very flexible.5. take it easy 放松，不过分努力，不做过多6. run out of vt. 用完，耗尽（主语是人）run out vi. 用完，耗尽（主语是物）On our way to Beijing yesterday, we ran out of gas.On our way to Beijing yesterday, our gas ran out.7. be made up of 由…组成=consist ofThe committee is made up of five members.Five members make up the committee.make up 组成；化妆；编造8. tease v. 嘲笑，嘲弄，招惹，逗弄Stop teasing the cat.Don’t take what she says seriously. She was only teasing.9. minimum n. 最小量，最低限度adj. 最小量的，最低限度的a minimum of workminimum depth10. in particular 尤其，特别be particular about 挑剔的11. transform v. 改变，变化，使改观+intoThe magician transformed the rabbit into a man.Water can transform a desert into a garden.12. exchange v. 交换exchange sth. (with sb.)exchange A for B 用A交换BUnit 31. start (sb.) off (on sth.) 使…开始进行…2. abuse n./vt. 虐待；滥用，妄用child abusephysical abuseabuse of poweralcohol abusea much abused wife3. stress n. 压力，重压，紧张under stressstressful adj. 压力重的，紧张的stressed adj. 焦虑不安的，心力交瘁的4. ban v. 禁止，取缔+sb. from doing sth. –banned-bannedSmoking is banned in this building.He has been banned from driving for a year.5. due to 因为，由于The team’s success was largely due to their efforts.6. tough adj. 困难的，难对付的，费力的；坚强的，能吃苦耐劳的；彪悍的，粗暴的，醋业的；咬不动的a tough customera tough job7. be addicted to 对…上瘾的，对…着迷的He has become addicted to alcohol.8. be accustomed to 习惯于We are accustomed to working together.accustom sb. to 使sb.习惯于…It took a while for me to accustom myself to the new rules.9. withdrawal n. 收回，取回，撤回，撤退the withdrawal of a product from the marketwithdraw v. 收回，取回，撤回，撤退–withdrew-withdrawn10. quit v. 停止，离开– quitting - quit/quitted - quit/quittedI wish all of you could quit complaining.We have done what we can. Let’s quit.Most of the smokers said that they want to quit the habit.He quit his job after an argument with a colleague.11. effect n. 结果，影响+of…on…affect vt. 影响12. abnormal adj. 不正常的，变态的，反常的abnormal behaviour13. breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的，喘不过气来的The long walk left Jane feeling breathless.14. take sb. off sth. 使sb.离开（工作、职位等），调离（常被动）15. unfit adj. 身体不适的，体格不佳的；不适合的，不能胜任的+for… /+to do…The captain is still unfit and will miss tonight’s game.The water is unfit to drink.He is unfit for the job.16. strengthen v. 加强，增强，巩固The wind had strengthened overnight.Repairs are necessary to strengthen the bridge.17. resolve n. 决心，坚定的信念+to doRecent events strengthened his resolve to find the truth.18. decide on/upon 决定，选定Have you decided on the date for the wedding?19. feel like 想要，想做+sth./doingI feel like a drink.I feel like smoking a cigarette.20. desperate adj. 绝望的，孤注一掷的，铤而走险的；渴望的，极想的，非常需要的His increasing financial difficulties forced him to take desperate measures.I was desperate to see her.He was desperate for a cigarette.21. weaken v. （使）虚弱，衰弱，削弱；动摇Nothing can weaken his resolve to continue.You mustn’t agree to do it. Don’t weaken.22. ashamed adj. 惭愧的，羞愧的+of sth. / to do /thatI felt ashamed of the things I said to him.You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies.I’m ashamed to admit that I’ve never read any of his books.I’m ashamed that I haven’t replied to her letter yet.23. in spite of =despite prep. 不管，尽管，任凭24. get into 习惯于，养成某种习惯How did you get into the drugs?I’ve got into the habit of turning on the TV as soon as I get home.25. in the first place 首先（常用于句首）；当初（常用于句尾）26. at risk 有危险，冒风险rink v. 冒…危险；使遭受危险He is risking his health by smoking.27. immune adj. 免疫的，有免疫力的+tobe immune to disease28. spread v. 展开，摊开，打开；传播，散布，流传；蔓延，扩散，散开–spread-spreadSpread a map out on the floor.spread rumors about sb.Water began to spread across the floor.29. infect v. 传染，使感染+sb. with sth.30. inject v. 注射inject sth. into sb.inject sb. with sth.31. spill v. 泼出，溢出，洒出–spilled-spilled /spilt-spilt32. prejudice n. 偏见，成见+againsthave prejudice against fat people33. judgement Un. 判断力，识别力Cn. 看法，意见，评价+about/onHe refused to make a judgement about the situation.Unit 41. consume vt. 消耗，耗费Only 27% of the paper we consume is recycled.2. compare v. 比较compare A with/to Bcompare A to BThe poet compares the woman he loves to red, red rose.3. random adj. 胡乱的，任意的The winning numbers were randomly selected by computer.The information is processed in a random order.4. phenomenon n. 现象pl. phenomena5. subscribe to 同意，赞成；订阅，订购You can subscribe to this magazine for $32 a year.6. a large quantity of /large quantities of +Cn./Un. （与quantity主谓一致）A large quantity of earth was washed away.Large quantities of earth were washed away.7. tend to do 往往会，常常就When you are exhausted, you tend to make mistakes.tendency n. 倾向，趋势，趋向I have a tendency to talk too much when I’m nervous.8. go up 上升，上涨The price of cigarettes is going up.9. data pl. 数据（平时当单数）sing. datum10. result in 导致result from 由…导致The driver’s carelessness resulted in the accident.The accident resulted from the driver’s carelessness.11. opposed adj. 强烈反对的be opposed to sth. 反对They are totally opposed to smoking.12. state v. 陈述，说明，声明He stated clearly that he knew nothing about it.There is no need to state the obvious.13. range n. 种类，一系列+of ；范围，界限；射程There is a full range of activities for children.Most of the students are in the 17 to 20 age range.14. keep on 继续，反复做You keep on making the same mistakes.Keep on until you get to the church.15. glance v. 瞥，匆匆一看，扫视He glanced at his watch.He glanced around the room.16. economical adj. 经济的，节约的economic adj. 经济的17. on behalf of sb. = on sb.’s behalf 代表Mr. Knight can’t be here. So his wife accept this prize on his behalf.On behalf of the department , I’d like to thank you all.18. advocate v. 拥护，支持，提倡The group doesn’t advocate the use of violence.Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour. 19. electrical adj. 与电有关的electrical engineerelectric adj. 带电的，通电的electric lightselectrical equipment/appliance20. so/as long as 只要We will go out so long as the whether is fine.21. casual adj. 随便的，漫不经心的，不在乎的He tried to sound casual, but I knew he was worried.22. circumstance n. 条件，状况，环境in/under no circumstances 决不，无论如何不Under no circumstances should you lend him any money.Don’t open the box in any circumstances.23. refresh v. 使恢复精力，使凉爽The long sleep refreshed her.24. count v. 重要Every point in the game counts.It’s the thought counts. 贵在心意Unit 51. take risks =take a risk 冒险He is willing to take risks and try new thingsrisk v. 冒…的危险He risked losing everything.2. alongside prep./adv. 靠着/沿着…旁边，与…并排He spent several weeks working alongside the miners.Children’s prices are shown alongside adult prices.3. equipment Un. 设备a piece of equipmentequip v. 装备，配备equip sb. with sth.They equipped themselves with a pair of axes and set out for the forest.They were equipped with a pair of axes and set out for the forest.4. appoint v. 任命，委派He was appointed as chairman.A committee was appointed to consider the plan.He has been appointed to the State Court.5. evaluate v. 评价，评估，估计The teacher evaluated the performance of each student.evaluation n.6. burn sth. to the ground 把…烧为平地，把…烧为灰烬He has no place to live in because his house was burned to the ground.7. fountain n. 喷泉v. 泉水般地喷出或涌出A fountain of blood was pouring from his chest.9. make one’s way.They made their way towards the centre of the town.They made their way along the road.They made their way up the stairs.10. potential n. 潜力，潜能，可能性adj. 潜在的，有可能的She has the potential to become a champion.He is young, but he has shown a lot of potential.a potential danger11. vary v. 变化+in/+from…to…variety n.a variety of 各种各样的various adj. 各种各样的12. bathe v. 洗澡bath n. 洗澡Have you bathed the baby yet?I bathe every day.13. arouse v. 激起，引起，激发arouse sb.’s interest14. reward v. 奖励，奖赏，给予报酬He rewarded us for helping him.She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.15. concern vt. 涉及，与…有关=be concerned with16. guarantee v. 保证，担保，保障We can’t guarantee that our flights will never be delayed.The ticket will guarantee you free entry.We guarantee to deliver your goods within a week.17. panic v./n. 惊慌–panicked-panickedThe gunfire panicked me.I panicked when I saw smoke coming out of my car.There is no point getting into a panic about the exams.。