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中考英语语法点整理

中考英语语法讲解资料及练习目录第1讲:名词...................................................................................................1-3 第2讲:代词....................................................................................................3-5 第3讲:形容词.................................................................................................5-7 第4讲:副词....................................................................................................7-10 第5讲:动词..................................................................................................10-12 第6讲:不定式..............................................................................................12-13 第7讲介词....................................................................................................13-17 第8讲:连词..................................................................................................17-21 第9讲:时态(一) (22)第10讲:时态(二).......................................................................................22-28 第11讲:被动语态........................................................................................28-30 第12讲:句子种类(一) (30)第13讲:句子种类(二)............................................................................30-32 第14讲:宾语从句........................................................................................32-33 第15讲:状语从句........................................................................................33-35 第16讲:就近原则........................................................................................35-36第1讲:名词名词(Noun,简称n.),是词类的一种,属于,名词表示人、事物、地点或概念的名称,名词同时也分为专有名词和普通名词。

普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或-es,不规则变化一般有下列几种:a. class, box, watch, brush等词以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾,复数要加-es;b. story, factory 等以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es;c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe变为-v, 再加-es;d. 以-o结尾的名词,一般来说,末尾是"元音字母+o" 的词加-s,我们学过的有radio,zoo。

末尾是"辅音字母+o"的词,变复数加-es。

如:tomato, hero, potato,当然其中的piano 和photo,又是一个例外,他们的结尾只能加-s。

e. child(children), foot(feet), tooth(teeth), mouse(mice), man(men ), woman(women )等词的复数变化全不遵循规则。

注意:与man 和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women。

如:an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;f. deer,sheep等词更是懒得可以,竟然单复数同形。

好记好记。

people,police,cattle 等词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数,所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式,这就是集体名词。

the English,the French,the Chinese等名词表示国民总称时,也作复数用。

注意:maths,politics,physics等学科名词,虽然以-s结尾,仍为不可数名词。

还有theUnited States(美国),the United Nations(联合国)等应视为单数。

名词有时也可以作定语的。

它作定语时一般用单数,但也有以下例外。

a. man, woman等作定语时,它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定。

如:men workers,women teachers。

b. 数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。

如:a ten-mile walk十里路,two-hundred trees 两百棵树。

名词所有格:表示“……的”通常是在名词的后面加-s,如:Children's day,father's shoes。

但以-s结尾的名词因为已经有s了,只需加' 就OK了。

如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,.则表示“分别有”。

.如:John's and Mary's room(约翰和玛丽各有一间,共两间);两个名词并列,只有一个's,则表示"共有"。

如:John and Mary's room(约翰和玛丽共有一间)。

还有些无生命名词的所属要用介词of来帮助一下,如:a map of China,the end of this term。

练习:一、名词单复数1.(2015湖南永州)Do you know how many _____ you have ?A.toothsB.toothesC.teeth2.(2015贵州安顺) Here are some_____________. Do you like ____________?A. oranges; themB. orange; itC. oranges; theyD. oranges; their3.(2015湖南娄底) —Would you like some _______for dinner?—OK.A. tomatosB. tomatoC. tomatoes4.(2015甘肃兰州) I paid ¥10 for ______this morning.A. 4 bottle milksB. 4 bottles of milkC.4 bottles of milksD.4 milk5.(2015湖北黄石)—I’m told your class has three new comers.—Yes. One is a _______, the other two are ______.A.Japan, GermanyB.Japanese, GermanC.Japanese, GermansD.Japanese, Germen6.(2015贵州遵义)—Can I help you, Madam?—I want ______.A.two boxes of appleB.two glass of waterC.two bowls of porridge.二、名词所有格1.(2015黑龙江龙东)—Whose room is this? Is it the______?—Yes, it is ______.A. twins'; Tom and Tim'sB. twin's; Tom's and Tim'sC. twins'; Tom and Tim2.(2015湖南郴州)—_________is coming. What can I get for my mother?— What about a scarf?A. Women’s DayB. Woman’s DayC. Womens’ Day3. (2015广东佛山)Tines magazine says that smart Lego has become one of ______favorite toys.A.childB.childrenC.children’s4.(2015山东临沂)I live near the station, It’s only about five ________ walk.A. minute’sB. minuteC. minutes’D. minutes三、根据句意选名词1.(2015福建安溪) — How is the _______ in Quangzhou ?— It’s getting worse and worse. There are always long lines of cars on roads.A. cultureB. foodC.traffic2.(2015山东德州)The New York Times a popular daily _______.A.dictionaryB.magazineC.newspaperD.guidebook3.(2015重庆A卷)Dave really likes driving. I think being a ______is just right for him .A. doctorB. teacherC. farmerD. driver4.(2015重庆B卷)The ______ of Chongqing is really hot, but we still like living here.A. springB. summerC. autumnD. winter5.(2015山东滨州)—I think dragons are the ______ of China. Do you think so ?—I agree with you.A. symbolB. situationC. promiseD. Shape6.(2015安徽)—How can I get some ______ about the 2016 Olympic Games?—Why not search the Internet?A. informationB. experienceC. practiceD. success7.(2015成都)She says her favorite is English.A.color B.sports C.subject8.(2015山东菏泽)I’m new here. I often get lost and can’t find my _____.A.ticketB.wayC.purse9.(2015浙江温州)Annie has a _______, and she is going to see her dentist today.A.coldB.feverC.coughD.toothache10.(2015山东德州)The Chinese saying ”A tree ca n’t make a forest” tell us that isvery important in a football match.A. abilityB. decisionC. teamworkD. experience11.(2015扬州)—Finding information is not a big deal today.—Well, the _____is how we can tell whether the information is useful or not.A. courageB.messageC. challengeD. knowledge12.(2015江苏泰州)—I’m tired out these days.—Well, you’d better keep a _____between work and playA. promiseB. diaryC. balanceD.secret第2讲:代词代词(pronoun),是代替名词或一句话的一种词类。

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