Linyi Travel GuideTravel in ShandongLinyi (lín yí临沂) city is located at the southeast of Shandong Province, bordering Jiangsu(jiāng sū 江苏) Province in the south and facing the Yellow sea to the east Linyi has a temperate climate and rich precipitation, with mountain areas, hillyland and plains taking 1/3 respectively.HistoryLinyi has a history of 2400 years. In the1970s The Art of War(sūn zǐ bīng fǎ孙子兵法) was unearthed here.The Art of War is a Chinese militarytreatise that was written by Sun Tzu(sūnzǐ孙子) in the 6th century BC, during the Spring and Autumn period. Composed of 13 chapters, each of which is devoted to one aspect of warfare, it is said to be the definitive work on military strategies and tactics of its time, and still one of the basic texts.The Art of War is one of the oldest and most successful books on military strategy. It has had an influence on Eastern military thinking, business tactics, and beyond. Sun Tzu suggested the importance of positioning in strategy and that position is affected both by objective conditions in the physical environment and the subjective opinions of competitive actors in that environment. He thought that strategy was not planning in the sense of working through an established list, but rather that it requires quick and appropriate responses to changing conditions. Planning works in a controlled environment, but in a changing environment, competing plans collide, creating unexpected situations.Tourism DevelopmentLinyi has a long-standing history and mountains, rivers, scenic spots and historical sites. The Mengshan Mountains(méng shān 蒙山), Lying Dragon Lake, Yinqueshan Museum of Bamboo Slips (yín què shān hàn mù zhú jiǎn bó wù guǎn 银雀山汉墓竹简博物馆) (Sun Zi's Art of War and Sun Bin's Art of War) from Han Tombs, the Former Residence of Wang Xizhi(wáng xī zhī 王羲之)-- sage of calligraphy, Zhu ge Liang's Memorial Hall (zhū gě liàng gù jū 诸葛亮故居),Yinan's Beizhai Stone Relief Tomb of the Han Dynasty(hàn dài yí nán běi zhài huà xiàng shí mù 汉代沂南北寨画像石墓), the Ancient Battlefield of "Maling Battle" (mǎ lǐng zhàn yì马岭战役) have become hot tourist attractions. In Linyi City proper the longest rubber dam (which has been listed in Guinness World Records) is built across the Yihe River, which forms the largest fresh water lake --LyingDragon Lake (8.24 sq km) in the urban areas of the domestic cities. It heralds market prospects to develop lake-oriented sightseeing and water amusement.Mountains, waters and commercialmarkets are leading tourist projects ofLinyi City.In 2001, Linyi receiveddomestic and foreign tourists of4,780,000 persons-times, earnedtourism revenue of 2,452 billion yuan.During the May 1 golden week holiday tourism in 2001 alone,Linyi City received tourists of 704,500 persons-times, earning tourism revenue of 129 million yuan.Among others,the Mengshan Mountains received 330,600 persons-times, ranking third place in the tourist areas in Shandong Province.Mengshan MountainMengshan Mountain is the one of the cradles of the Chinese civilization. Mengshan Mountain with a time-honored history contrasts with Taishan Mountain (120kilometers away). The mountain has numerous different shapes of peaks and stones, the streams, the old trees, the centuries-old Taoist temples, the simple and pure social custom, and the marvelous legends. Mencius recorded that Confucius ascended the summit of the East (Mengshan) Mountain and found that Mengshan Mountain dwarfed the Shandong province. The emperorsof TangXuanzong(táng xuán zōng 唐玄宗) (the seventh emperor of Tang Dynasty), Kangxi(kāng xī 康熙) (the third emperor of the Qing dynasty) and Qianlong (qián lóng 乾隆) (the fifth emperor of the Qing dynasty) etc. have been to Mengshan Mountain for making sacrifices to the gods. Theliteratis, like Caiyi (cài yì蔡邑), Libai (lǐ bái 李白), Dufu (dù fǔ杜甫), and Sushi(sū shì 苏轼) etc., have visited here and left world-famous masterpieces.Mengshan Mountain is a rare sceneryresort and a renowned historical andcultural Mountain in the northernmountain range of China. Thebeautiful scenery, marvelous historicalrelics and the rich resources endowMengshan Mountain with theincredible beauty including themagnificence of Taishan Mountain, the beauty of Huangshan Mountain(huáng shān 黄山), the steep of Huashan Mountain(huá shān 华山), and peculiarity of Yantang Mountain(yàn tāng shān 燕汤山). Mengshan Mountain with excellent air boasts a reputation as the resort for longevity in the world.Location:Zhang Town(zhāng zhuāng 张庄), Fei County (fèi xiàn 费县), LinyiAdmission Fee: CNY 80How to go: You can take long-distance bus to get Fei Countyand there is special line to go to the mountainShandong Underground Grand CanyonThe total length of the Grand Canyon is 6,100 meters, of which 3,100 meters has been exploited as a tourist line. The Grand Canyon was shaped by the enormous karst crack 200,000 years ago. The murmuring stream makes beautiful sound. The grotesque stalactites, stalagmites and stone waterfall portray a variety of styles. Over one hundred scenic spot such as One River, Five Passes, Six Waterfalls, Nine Spring, Nine Palaces, and Twelve Gorges etc are magnificent and remarkable, deep and serene. The Grand Canyon has the cliff with the height of several meters, the colorful vault of heaven, the bottomless crack of stone, the waterfalls just like the Milky Way pouring from the sky and the spiral shells with different styles. Thewide place of the Grand Canyonaccommodate over onehundred people, the narrowplace only holds one person.The caves containing small ones, the gorges in the gorges, various stalagmites, stone pillars, fungus-shaped stones decorating the Grand Canyon, amaze visitors very much. The long and continuous flowing underground river makes the Grand Canyon a rare cavern in the north of China. The cave experts took advantage of the underground river and created the drift in the cave. At present, five hundred meters sections of the river can travel by yacht. After the second stage project is finished, the length for drift can reach 2,500 meters. The visitors take the yacht, go downstream, and experience the exciting feeling of fright, danger, and astonishment and the marvelous scenery of the Grand Canyon.Location: 8 kilometers westsouth of Yishui County (yí shuǐxiàn 沂水县), LinyiAdmission Fee: CNY 76How to go: You can take bus also special line to go thereHan Tomb Bamboo Slips MuseumIt covers an area of around 10,000 square meters, characterized by a classic construction in the style of a royal court the 2400-square-meter construction had been built in 1981 and had been completed and officially opened to the public in 1989. The tombs of Han Dynasty discovered in 1972 by archaeological workers, who unearthed the bamboo slips of Sunzi's Arts on war and Sunbin's Arts on war that were lost more than 1,700 years .The two strategics solved the mysteriesof thousand yearswhether Sunzi(sūn zǐ孙子)and Sunbin(sūn bìn 孙膑) wasthe same person and whetherthere was one book or two on the military science. It is one of the ten most important discoveries of archaeology of China since the establishment of PRC. 32 bamboo slips unearthed in the second tomb was Almanac of the First Year of the Reign of Emperor Hanwudi of Han Dynasty. It has been the oldest and the most complete ancient almanac discovered so far in China. The silk painting Western Han Dynasty (xī hàn 西汉) unearthed from the ninth tomb in the Golden Sparrow Mountain was the second one following what was unearthed from Han Tombsof Mawangdui (mǎ wáng duī 马王堆) of Hunan (hú nán 湖南) province.Address: NO.219,Yimeng Road (yí méng lù 沂蒙路), Lanshan County (lán shān qū 兰山区), LinyiAdmission Fee: CNY 30How to go: You can take bus NO.6 to go thereFormer Residence WangXi ZhiWangXi Zhi is an outstanding calligrapher, he was versed in nearly all kinds of styles of calligraphy. His work the preface of LanTing Poems Collection written in running hand is esteemed as the best running hand work in the world. His wonderful calligraphy has long shocked and is admired by calligraphers of all ages.It says that when he was a child he blackened all the water of a pond in front of his house by washing his writing implements every day after practice. The pool is the inkstone rinsing pool, covering an area of 3000 square meters, why we call it inkstone rinsing pool.Preface to the Lanting Poetry Anthology (lán tíng jí xù兰亭集序)In the beginning of late springin the ninth year of Yonghe,namely the GuiChou year, therewas a meeting held in Lanting,which is in the Shanyin Town ofKuaiji County, for executing theXiuxi ceremony. The celebritiesin the county, including theyoung and old, all came toattend this ceremony. Around the place, there are high mountains and lofty hills, flourishing woods and tall bamboobushes, and clear streams full of the rushing water from both the left and right sides. All guests sat by a winding canal in a row and drank with one wine cup floating on it so as to wash away minousness. Although without the grand situation of string and wind instruments, however some were drinking and some were expressing their heart feelings in verse or song, so that it was also enough to talk cheerfully their intense emotions. This day had clear and fresh air under the blue sky and a gentle breeze was freely blowing. Facing up to look at the vast expanse of the universe and bowing down to examine the flourish matter category, skimming over every thing in the universe and giving free rein to extend their range of vision, then people can be enough to get the pleasure of seeing through and hearing about to the extreme. Actually, it should look as very happy.Yet, people deal and cope with othersin all their lives. When alive, they geteach other in embracing; or talk freelywhat are on their hearts in a room; orplace their emotions to others as to beunrestrained out of the formality.Although fetch or abandon of each one is very different, and their tempers may be not alike, for instance, or quiet or impetuous, when enjoying for getting something from opportunity, they may think that they have obtained achievements and feel self-sufficiency. However, they do not know old and death will come before long. Until they are tired of what have been obtained and their emotions changed together along with what have happened，and then sighs with emotion have to be approached. The joy of them in the past, in an instant, have become an old trace, unable to give rising to their new desire. Moreover, the length of life lies on luck and at last must be finished. Therefore, the ancients had said, "One person's life and death is the most important thing for himself." Isn't that painful?While viewing the reasons of the sighs with emotion of the ancients, if it evokes my sympathy, I always sigh of sorrow but cannot explain why it is? I originally understand that the thoughts such as "life is equated with death" is only an absurd and so-called that "no body has long age more than a died young child'' and "Pangzu, who lived to the age of eight hundred, is also merely a short age person'' are thepreposterous opus. I consider, that the later generations regard contemporary is same as the contemporary regard their ancients!How sad it is? So in this paper, I appraised the current people on a list and wrote down their brilliant expositions. Though their experiences and affairs were very different, from the viewpoint of sighs with emotion, their results are the same. The readers of later generations, I consider, would have the same feeling that I expressed in this preface.。