雅思小作文必备词汇图表chart = graph = diagram直线line 曲线curve 柱bar /column 饼pie 表table = figures = statisticsthe thin（细线） / thick（粗线） / broken（虚线） / dotted（点线） line表明，表示，阐明show , give information about，reveal，indicate，demonstrate直线图类词汇(上升类动词)Increase------------ decrease (下降类动词)go up-------------- go downrise up-------------- fall downclimb-----------------slideascend --------------declinekeep an upward tendency ----keep a downward tendency波动动词类：fluctuatefluctuate upward / downward（波动向上/向下）保持平稳类动词：keep / remain / maintain / stayunchanged / constant / stable（形容词，不变的）修饰动词的副词：slightly 轻微地，slowly 缓慢地，gradually 逐渐地，steadily 稳定地，rapidly 迅速地，significantly 明显地，sharply 明显地，dramatically急剧地，修饰名词的形容词：slight, slow, gradual, steady, rapid, moderate, significant, sharp, dramatic大约，大概，左右类词汇：almost / approximately / around / roughly / more or less / nearly时间from … to …/during the period/ between … and … / starting from ….曲线图类词汇峰值：peak (v. & n.) , summit (v. & n.), highest point（n.）谷值：touch the bottom (v.), nadir (n.), lowest point(n.)稳定时期：constant（adj.）/ stable（adj.）/ stationary phase (n.)饼形图类词汇表“占有”的动词：share, occupy ，account for ，be in charge of ，be responsible for 主动be shared by，be occupied by，be in the charge of 被动“百分比” percentage , proportiona small percentage of … (20%)a quarter of …(25%)the minority of … (40%)half of …(50%)the majority of … (60%)t hree quarters of …(75%)most of … (80%)one-fifth / one-third基本句型：1occupies / accounts for the majority of A (x%).y% of A is shared by / is in the charge of 2.3 and4 are responsible for / in charge of the rest, with z% and w% respectively.倍数的表达方式Double 是两倍/大一倍Increase/decrease three times 增长/减少了三倍five times as much/many/big as…流程图/示意图/地图介绍段：The flow chart / diagram / map illustrates … The whole procedure can be divided into … stages.主体段(一般过渡：时间、顺序、目的)时间：to begin with, next, then, later, finally; at the same time / simultaneously顺序：the first stage involves … / in the second stage / in the third stage / in the last stage 目的：in order to / in order that; so as to / so that雅思写作常用单词：连接词表层次:first, firstly, to begin withsecond, secondly, to start withthird, thirdly, what is morealso, besides ,in additionfinally表转折：by contrast, although, though ,yetin contrast, neverthelesson the contrary, however ,in spite ofon the other hand表因果：therefore ,consequently ,because offor the reason ,thus,henceso, thanks to ,in this wayas a result, as a consequence表让步：in spite of, despite ,even表递近：Furthermore, moreover ,what is morebesides ,also, not only...but also...in addition表举例：for example, for instance,take….as an example表解释：as a matter of fact, frankly speakingin other words表总结：in summary, in a word ,in conclusionto conclude, finally, on the wholein all ,therefore ,to summarize雅思大作文分类词汇--教育类nursery托儿所kindergarten幼儿园primary school/elementary school小学,secondary school中学教育higher education高等教育further education进修教育: parenting, schooling,enroll 入学admit 招收，录取Parents are obliged to do…父母有责任、义务去做。
compulsory education 强制教育、义务教育minors 未成年人immature 不成熟的学习的好处learn skills学习技能acquire knowledge学习知识，enrich knowledge丰富知识,widen horizon开阔视野,inspire interest激发兴趣,stimulate interest激发兴趣,cultivate v. 培养hobbiesdevelop potentialsconduce to mental developmentlay a solid foundation for the future为将来打下坚实的基础学习上的问题:lack discipline缺少约束力/persistence毅力,test-oriented education应试型教育,quality education 素质教育cram for examinations突击考试,stuff 塞materialsmemorise背, memorisation,rote learning死记硬背Test-taking techniques应试技巧坏处：students stop questioning what they are being taught学生们不去质问他们学习的东西conduce to academic performance有助学习表现Exert adverse/unfavorable influence on对。
产生负面影响Creativity 创造性Come at the expense/cost of creativity以牺牲创造力为代价Lower/raise the standard of…降低了。
的水平导师tutor传授知识impart knowledge提高教学效果improve; teachers' perfonnance培养能力foster one's capability塑造性格shape children's characters有助于个性的发展facilitate the development of individuality;在较好的环境中长大grow up under more favorable circumstances接受必要的教育receive adequate education受过良好教育well -educated适应性强well-adapted;取长补短learn from each other智商IQ (intelligence quotient)充分发挥bring into full play have a wide range of skills发挥创造潜能use one's creative potential设施齐全well-equipped facilities上课attend class学习成绩academic performance平均分average score从事兼职工作take part-time job体罚corporal punishment差生inferior students承担义务assume; the obligation a sense of responsibility( obligation) 推卸责任shirk one's obligations父母子女关系parent-child relationship报答父母repay one's parents人才talented person本科生undergraduate毕业生graduate研究生postgraduate博士doctor博士学位doctorate博士后postdoctoral证书diploma，credential教育(education)获取知识acquire knowledge高等教育higher education远程教育tele-education知识的来源source of knowledge课外活动extracurricul;学费tuition奖学金scholarship，grant教学大纲syllabus学前教育preschool education男女同校co-education穿校服school unifonn参加入学考试take an entrance;examination教育工作者teaching staff雅思大作文分类词汇--环保类environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护，保存污染：Pollute= contaminate，污染（动词）pollutant 污染物Pollution=contamination 污染（名词）垃圾: rubbish，garbage，trash，waste，litter处理: dispose of，burn，bury (landfill垃圾场)，dump倾倒，recycle 回收plastic bags塑料袋，drinking cans饮料罐biodegradable packaging 可降解包装，throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励燃料non-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料: natural gas，coal，petroleum limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源replace=substitute v.取代(wind power，hydropower水电，solar (lunar) power太阳能，nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up，deplete，exhaust v. 用光，耗尽conserve v. 节省，节约，consume less v. 少消耗危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎，damage natural habitat 破坏自然栖息地，rare breed稀有物种，endangered species濒危物种，extinct adj.灭绝(die out，disappear动词)，animal rights activist动物权益保护者，natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区，protect wild life保护野生动物，disastrous灾难性的，devastation破坏，have disastrous effect on…对。