高级英语阅读（2）第一次形考作业讲评
作业要求
在第一次书面作业中，要求同学们做与书中教学内容相关的词汇匹配练习、选词填空和阅读理解题。
在作业过程中，希望大家尽量独立完成，然后针对不足，着重参看书中的语法要点以及天津电大在线教学平台上的教学辅导内容。
与老师、同学们进行学习交流可以采取面对面或者网上、电话各种方式。
将本次作业当作为第一阶段学习的小结和检测。
完成作业需具备的知识
1. Strategy One —Getting Meaning from Context根据上下文猜词义
You do not need to look up the meanings of new words if you can guess them from the context. 三个可以帮助猜测词义的线索有：表示举例的词组、表示相反意思的词和表示连接的词后面的解释性短语。
●举例The words for example, for instance, such as, and among them introduce examples that may
help you. (Sometimes examples appear without these words, in parentheses, or between dashes.)
●相反Sometimes another word or words in another sentence or sentence part has the opposite
meaning from a new vocabulary item (instead of )
●定义A definition or explanation follows the connecting words that is or in other words.
2. Strategy Two —Identifying the Main Ideas 找出中心思想
A reading passage may include many ideas, but there is only one main idea. This is the most important idea. This is the most important idea, or point, of the reading. It is the main point, thought, or opinion that the author has about the topic. It is an “umbrella” that includes all of the more specific ideas and details. The main idea is usually stated in the introduction. Often, it is repeated in the conclusion. 一篇短文通常只有一个中心思想，即文章最重要的观点，通常在文章开头表述，也常常在文章结论部分重复表述。
3. Strategy Three —Critical Thinking: Making Inferences 做推断
Writers usually state information clearly. However, they also often imply information. In other words, they just suggest an idea without actually stating it. it is important for students to be able to make inferences —that is, to “read between the lines” and understand information that is not clearly stated. 推断作者想要表达但没有明确表达的信息对于阅读者来说很重要。
4. Strategy Four —Scanning寻读
You can scan a reading to find information quickly. Follow these steps to scan:
●Know the information that you want to find, or the question you want answered.
●Look for that information.
●Move your eyes quickly across the words until the information that you want “jumps out” at
you.
Don’t read every word.
You will practice scanning throughout the book when you look for specific information and details.
可以使用寻读来快速查找需要的信息，即眼睛在词语间快速移动，找寻信息或问题的答案。
千万不要每个词都读，在寻找特定信息和细节时需要寻读。
参考资料
参照“电大在线”“作业与讲评”栏目。
以往易出现的问题
最常见的问题还是体现在基础语法和阅读策略上，这就需要大家多看、多读、多做题、多练习。
语言是循序渐进的长期过程，克服急躁情绪，坚持不懈。
讲评
下面就本次作业中普遍存在的问题及大家遇到的难点问题进行分析：
1、词汇匹配题第一个
asthmatic 是形容词，意思是“气喘的”，答案应该是H. having difficulty breathing，但是有的同学就选了A. asthma 哮喘。
这考察的是词性及意思，形容词和名词不是同样的意思和同样的用法。
2、选词填空Many people don't have _14_ to health services or jobs.
这里考察的是词汇的搭配have access to sth. “有权或有机会使用…,获得…” , 同学们在平时的学习中，要积累词块（经常在一起使用的成串的词），而不是单个的词，这样就能掌握词的用法，而且会很自然地使用它们。
3、选词填空the city planners 17 a list of priorities-…
这里考察的是动宾搭配，a list这个宾语可以和哪个动词搭配，所给的词汇里只有established, focus和predict三个动词，比较一下就会发现只有established a list是符合逻辑的，因为establish 的意思是“set up建立，设立”。
这里established a list相当于made a list, 列一个表。
4、阅读理解1的第4题：
24. Critics of homeschooling think that children _______.
A. are more comfortable with their own learning style
B. are more interested in studying at home
C. compete at home for the highest grade
D. in traditional schools do better that children schooled at home
这道题考察的是同学们对原文的整体理解情况，并根据文章的字面内容做出推断。
这就需要同学们认真阅读原文，根据这句话Although some educators, critics of homeschooling, may not want to
accept this fact, many children taught at home actually do better than many taught at school. 也就是说批评家们不愿意接受这样一个事实：在家受教育的孩子比在学校受教育的孩子学得更好。
那么，也就是说批评家们认为到传统学校接受教育的孩子比在家受教育的孩子做得好。
答案是D。
5、阅读理解2的第3题：
28. Paragraph E implies that diet pills really do reduce a person's weight.
这道题考察判断句子是否符合原文。
也是考察的细节和推断问题。
大部分同学都没有判断正确是因为没有很好的理解原文。
同学们在做出判断之前要认真阅读原文。