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专升本英语词汇和语法

1. _______ born in China, the boy was brought up in the USA.A. AlthoughB. SinceC. AsD. When【翻译】虽然这个男孩是在北京出生的,但却是在美国长大的。

[考点]状语从句【精析】 A 分析句意可知,本句应为although引导的让步状语从句,表示“虽然,即使”的意思。

因为主从句主语和谓语一致,所以从句中although后省略了“the boy was”。

although与but不能同时出现。

since和as均引导原因状语从句,as也可引导让步状语从句,但是需用倒装形式;when引导时间状语从句。

2. _______ is known to all, haste makes waste.A. WhatB. ThatC. AsD. Which【翻译】众所周知,欲速则不达。

[考点]词语搭配【精析】 C 常用搭配“As is known to all”意思“众所周知”,是as引导的非限制性定语从句,as指代逗号后面的整个主句,并在从句中充当主语。

如:As is known to all, war is serious.众所周知,战争是残酷的。

3. That is the very old woman _______ house was burned down last night.A. whichB. herC. of whomD. whose【翻译】这正是那位老妇人,她的房子昨晚被烧掉了。

[考点]定语从句【精析】 D whose为关系代词,指人,是先行词old woman的所有格,在从句中充当house的定语。

4. Hardly had he finished his speech _______ the audience started cheering.A. thanB. thenC. whenD. as soon as【翻译】他刚一演讲完,观众就开始欢呼。

[考点]词语搭配【精析】 C 固定搭配“Hardly...when...”表示“一……就……”,另有“no sooner...than”和“Scarcely...when”均表示相同的意思。

5. _______ the book, he found out some answers to this question.A. As he readingB. At his readingC. As readingD. On reading【翻译】刚读这本书,他就发现了这个问题的答案。

[考点]词语搭配【精析】 D on doing意为“一……就……”。

此处的on相当于as soon as,引导状语从句。

表示从句中的动作的时间比主句中动作的时间稍提前一点。

6. The spacecraft will send back _______ on surface winds and temperatures.A. many new informationB. some new informationC. a new informationD. a few new information【翻译】太空飞船将会发送一些新的关于表面风和温度的信息。

[考点]词语搭配【精析】 B information为不可数名词,所以不能用many、a和a few修饰,排除A、C、D项。

some既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词,故选B项。

7. The reason for my refusal is _______ you’re unreliable.A. becauseB. thatC. due toD. for【翻译】我拒绝你的原因是你不可靠。

[考点]名词性从句(表语从句)【精析】 B 在复合句中做表语的从句叫做表语从句,它位于主句中的连系动词之后。

可用从属连词that,whether,as if引导。

所以本题应选B,其余选项不引导表语从句。

8. He came all the way to China for promoting friendship _______ for making money.A. other thanB. insteadC. apart fromD. rather than【翻译】他千里迢迢来到中国是为了增进友谊而不是为了赚钱。

[考点]词义辨析【精析】 D other than:除了;instead:作为替代,反而;apart from:除……以外;rather than:而不是。

9. If you don’t mind, I _______ do my homework than play cards wi th you.A. had betterB. would ratherC. preferD. would like【翻译】如果你不介意,我宁愿做我的作业也不愿跟你玩牌。

[考点]词语搭配【精析】 B “would rather...than...”意为“宁可(愿)……而不要(愿)……”用以表达主观的意愿,强调经过选择后做一件事,而不愿做另一件事。

had better表示“最好”,后跟动词原形;prefer sth. to sth.表示“喜欢……而不喜欢……”would like to do sth.表示“宁愿、愿意做某事”。

10. No one, except his two best friends, _______ where he is.A. knowB. to knowC. knowsD. knowing【翻译】除了他的两个好朋友,没有人知道他在哪儿。

[考点]主谓一致【精析】 C 当主语部分为“主语+后置定语”时,谓语动词只看主语,不看后置定语部分。

引起这种后置定语的单词有:with, along with, together with, as well as, except, besides 等。

由于本句主语为不定代词no one,所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,与主语保持一致。

11. _______, you would have seen your favorite movie star.A. If you arrived earlierB. If you had arrived earlierC. Unless you arrived earlierD. Unless you had arrived earlier【翻译】如果你早点到的话,你就会看到你最喜爱的电影明星了。

[考点]虚拟语气【精析】 B 本句是If引导的条件状语从句表示对过去情况的假设。

其形式为从句:if+主语+had+过去分词+其他,主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词,根据题中主句的结构可知选B。

12. The driver’s carelessness _______the death of three passengers.A. resulted fromB. resulted inC. came acrossD. came about【翻译】司机的粗心驾驶致使三名乘客死亡。

[考点]词组辨析【精析】 B result from:因为,由于;result in:导致,致使;come across:(偶然)遇见,被理解;come about:发生。

根据句意选B。

13. In England,tea_______with milk and sugar.A. is servingB. is servedC. servesD. served【翻译】在英国,茶是要配着牛奶和糖一起上的。

[考点]动词的语态【精析】 B serve sth.with sth.意为“某物搭配某物一起提供”。

本句中tea(茶)是被提供的,因此用被动语态。

14. Written in great haste,_______.A. the secretary made a lot of mistakes in the reportB. there were a lot of mistakes in the reportC. we found a lot of mistakes in the reportD. the report was full of mistakes【翻译】由于写得比较匆忙,所以整个报告错误百出。

[考点]独立主格结构【精析】 D Written in great haste 在本句中作独立主格,其逻辑主语应与主句的主语保持一致。

因为用的是被动语态。

Written,很明显其主语应该是report,故主句主语也应该是report,用排除法可知答案为D。

15. It’s suggested that each one of us_______the training classes for English.A. takes part inB. take part inC. took part inD. would take part in【翻译】我们每个人被建议参加英语培训班。

[考点]虚拟语气【精析】 B 在It’s suggested/advised/demanded...表建议、要求、命令等意义的词引导的主语从句中,谓语需用should+动词原形,should可以省略,故选B。

16. The only thing _______interests me is the progress of my students.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. it【翻译】我唯一感兴趣的事情是我的学生取得进步。

[考点]定语从句【精析】 B 定语从句中的先行词有only、形容词最高级等词修饰时,引导词要用that,故选B。

17. People do not realize the importance of good health _______ they have lost it.A. untilB. whenC. sinceD. as【翻译】直到失去了健康人们才能意识到它的重要性。

[考点]固定用法【精析】 A not...until意为“直到……才”,因为句中有not,只能选until。

18. If there were no homework at weekends,students would have _______at home.A. the happiest timeB. much happiest timeC. a more happier timeD. a much happier time【翻译】如果周末没有了家庭作业,学生们在家就会过得更愉快了。

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