高三英语短文填空专练（一）A第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Great Wall of China, one of the greatest wonders of the world, 61 （list）as a World Heritage in 1987. 62 a history of about 2,700 years, some of the Great Wall sections are now in ruins or have disappeared. But it still has cultural and historic significance because it’s a great building.Every 300 to 500 meters, there are fortresses（堡垒）. They are two kinds. One is two-storied fortress called fighting tower. The ground floor was used for living, storing weapons and the top floor was used for watching and shooting. And 63 other kind is fighting terrace（平台）used for patrolling（巡逻）and fighting.Many castles 64 （stand）on the higher part along the Great Wall are actually beacon（烽火）towers. In ancient times, soldiers made smoke in daytime and fire at night if they found 65 （enemy）. The soldier who saw the fire in another faraway beacon tower would light fire __66__（instant）and the next beacon tower would do the same. The message could be transmitted in a short while to the command post. During that period, it was one of the means of 67__ （communicate）.When 68 （see）from high above, the Great Wall in China is like a dragon. It’s well known to people aro und the world that the Great Wall of China 69 （be）the world’s longest defense wall. From the aspects of culture and history, the wall is an ancient masterpiece 70 you can fully enjoy.这是一篇说明文。
文章主要介绍了中国的长城。
1．was listed解析：考查动词的时态和语态。
根据时间状语in 1987可知，此处用一般过去时，又因为动词list与主语是被动关系，此处用一般过去时的被动语态。
句意：中国的长城，世界伟大的奇迹之一，1987年被列为世界遗产。
2．With解析：考查固定短语with the history of ＋数字＋years （有着……年的历史）。
句意：有着大约2700年的历史，长城的一些节段现在成了废墟或者已经消失了。
3．the解析：考查固定搭配one...the other...。
句意：每隔300米到500米有堡垒。
堡垒有两种。
一种是叫战斗堡垒的两层堡垒，底层用于生活、储存武器，顶层用于瞭望和射击；另一种是作战平台，用于巡逻和战斗。
4．standing 解析：考查非谓语动词。
分析句子成分可知，stand 与Many castles存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用stand的现在分词，表示主动。
standing on the higher part along the Great Wall是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰Many castles。
句意：耸立在长城沿线较高地段的许多堡垒事实上是烽火台。
5．enemies解析：考查名词复数。
句意：在古代，士兵如果发现敌人白天生烟、夜晚放火。
6．instantly解析：考查词形转换。
句意：在另一个遥远的烽火台上看到火光的士兵会立即点火，并且下一个烽火台也会立即点火，这个（发现敌人的）信息就很快被传递到指挥部。
7．communication解析：考查词形转换。
句意：在那个时代，它是通信方式之一。
8．seen解析：考查非谓语动词。
分析句子成分可知，see与the Great Wall存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用see的过去分词，表示被动。
seen from high above是过去分词短语作状语。
句意：当从上方天空中看长城的时候，中国的长城像一条龙。
9．Is解析：考查时态和主谓一致。
此处陈述的是一般事实，故用一般现在时；主语是the Great Wall of China，故谓语动词用单数。
句意：世界各地的人都知道，中国的长城是世界上最长的防御设施。
10．that/which解析：考查定语从句。
分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语且先行词是an ancient masterpiece，故此处用关系代词that/which。
句意：从文化和历史两方面来说，长城都是你能充分欣赏到的古代的杰作。
B第二节（共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My interest in Chinese food started years ago, when I was a young reporter for the Washington Post. Our office wasn't far from Chinatown, __1__ I found some very good Chinese restaurants.That was the first time that I __2__ (notice) the fresh taste of the meat and vegetables of Chinese food.When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why __3__ has this special feature.Many years ago, China had __4__ energy crisis because it lost much of its wood due to over population and poor management of its forests. This __5__ (lose) was very bad for the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their __6__ (value) wood，or learn how to use it better. There weren't any substitutes so people found ways to economize.In order to economize in cooking, they had to use very little wood. So they started cutting their meat and vegetables __7__ small pieces before they put them in the hot oil. That way, the food cooked __8__ (fast) and they saved more fuel. The food __9__ (prepare) in this way kept its fresh flavor—and it's this flavor __10__ attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.这篇文章主要讲述了中国食物为什么美味。
作者的工作地点离唐人街很近，当他第一次吃中国食物时就喜欢上了。
在5 000年前，由于中国的木柴缺乏，人们为了节约木柴，就把食物切成小块烹饪，食物很快就熟了，而且保持了鲜美的味道。
1．where解析：此处Chinatown是先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
2．had_noticed解析：在That was the first time that...句型中，前面是was，所以从句中用过去完成时态，故填had noticed。
3．it解析：此处用it指代前面的the food。
4．an解析：energy读音以元音开头，此处表示“很多年前中国有一个能源危机”，故填an。
5．loss解析：根据句意可知，此处缺主语，所以应该用名词形式，故填loss。
6．valuable解析：形容词修饰名词，故填valuable(有价值的)。
7．into解析：句意：把肉和蔬菜切成小块。
根据句意可知填into。
8．faster解析：根据后面的more，可知此处用比较级，故填faster。
9．prepared解析：此处是过去分词作后置定语，故填prepared。
10．that解析：此处是强调句型，故填that。
C第二节（共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you Douyin?Got a moment—or, perhaps, 15 seconds? In the age of fragmented (碎片化的) time, Douyin, which is a massive hit in China right now, can perfectly fill in the gaps when people have nothing __1__ (good) to do between two events; its daily plays __2__ (spread) over one billion in the past few years. The Vine-like app allows users to produce creative short videos that combine music with mouth shapes or body moves. They can dance, sing, cook or do __3__ their hearts desire.__4__ (launch) in September 2016, Douyin is owned by Zhang Yiming, one of China's top tech leaders; he chairs ByteDance. Similar to how Vine worked __5__ a time-limited video platform, Douyin is a __6__ (collect) of brief 15-second music videos, mainly focused on young people, __7__ it's certainly suitable for all ages.On the platform, childish and strange behaviors are __8__ (total) acceptable. In a high-pressure world, it is no surprise that Douyin has become so successful. All you need to do is pick up your phone and open the app to relieve some stress and have __9__ laugh. The app pushesrelated videos and products based on users' preferences and consequently Douyin can be quite addictive. Many people just want to enjoy a few minutes at first, but end up __10__ (consume) several hours' video time.本文为说明文。