Part I. True/False Question If the statement is true, write T at the end the statement. Otherwise write F.1. Supervisors and foremen may both be considered first-line managers. ( T )2. Vroom would say that if a person values an outcome, their effort to obtain thatoutcome will always be great. ( F )3. Effectiveness refers to the relationship between inputs and outputs. ( F )4. "Principles of Scientific Management" was written by Frederick Taylor. ( T )5. The three original partners of NAFTA are the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. ( T )6. The business group that is characterized by having Iow growth but high market share is known as a cash cow. (T )7. According to the text, the goal of efficiency is to minimize resource costs. ( T )8. Industry conditions is an example of an organization's general environment. (F )9. According to equity theory, a person who earns $50,000 will be less satisfied with their pay than a person who earns $100,000. ( F )10. The four contemporary functions of management are planning, organizing, leading and controlling. (T )11. Innovators need the efficiency, stability, and tight controls of the mechanistic structure. (F )12. Standing plans are created in response to programmed decisions that managers make and include policies, rules, and procedures. (T13. A nontaxable organization, such as the Boy Scouts, cannot be considered an organization. (F )14. Clan control emphasizes organizational authority. (F)Part II. Multiple Choice For each of the following choose the answer that most completely answers the question.15. The power utilized when a boss threatens to dismiss an employee if he/she does not comply with a demand is __A. reward powerB. coercive powerC. expert powerD. referent powerE. legitimate power16. The goal of __ is to minimize resource costs. AA. efficiencyB. effectivenessC. budgetingD. planningE. coordinating17. __ is the basis on which jobs are grouped in order to accomplish organizational goals.A. DepartmentalizationB. CentralizationC. FormalizationD. CoordinationE. Efficiency18. __ entitles a manager to direct the work of a subordinate.A. ResponsibilityB. Legitimate powerC. RankD. Operating responsibilityE. Authority19. To whom a worker reports concerns which aspect of organizational structure?A. Chain of command.B. Departmentalization.C. Pay structure.D. Line of command.E. Authority framework.20. Which of the following managers typically are responsible for the business-level strategies?A. Supervisors.B. Lower level managers. C'. Middle level managers. D. Top level managers. E. Outside consultants.21. In the systems approach, an example of inputs would be which of the following?A. Information.B. Technology.C. Management activities.D. Employee job satisfaction.E. Profits.22. __ are positive external factors; __ are negative.A. Strengths; weaknessesB. Opportunities; threatspetencies; competitors Strategies; objectivesD. SWOTs; SBUs23. Examples of an organization's __ power include performance appraisals, promotions, and interesting work assignments.A. legitimateB. statusC. expertD. coerciveE. rewardScenarios and QuestionsA Look Back (Scenario)Cindy Schultz, tired from working with customers all day, decided to take a fifteen-minute nap to help clear her head before the 4:15 managers' meeting. Her company had recently begun a re-engineering process as well as other changes requiring copious management input. As she leaned back in her chair, she wondered if management science had always been this way and how it all began. As she napped, she dreamed that, along with "Mr. Peebodi" as her guide, she was traveling in the Management Way Back Machine" that took her back through management history!24 One of the earliest sites Cindy visited was Adam Smith's home, author of The Wealth of Nations, which suggested that organizations and society would gain fromA, time management B. division of labor C.group work D. quality management E time and motion studies25.Cindy visited a bookstore where there was a book signing occurring. She looked that the title of the book was Principles of Scientific anagement and concluded that the author must beA. Adam Smith.B. Frank Gilbreth.C. Henry Gantt.D. Frederick Taylor.E. Henri Fayol.26. Cindy admired the works of Taylor and Gilbreth. two advocates of __A. scientific managementB. organizational behaviorC. human resource managementD. motivationE. leadership27. Cindy spent some time visiting with , a researcher she previously knew little about but who also contributed tomanagement science by being among the first to use motion picture films to study hand-and-body motions and by devising a classification scheme known as a "therblig."A. Henry GanttB. Max WeberC. Chester Bamard D: Frank Gilbreth E. Mary Parker FolletThe Perfect Manager (Scehario)Brenda Kelly has proven herself to be an able manager. Her section has a high project completion rate with the highest quality product and the lowest defects in her division. In addition, she does it with fewer full-time people than other managers. Some say that the secret of her success is in her ability to delegate responsibility and her understanding of the basic "management functions."28. Brenda's ability to get activities completed efficiently and effectively with and through other people is known as __A. managementB. supervisionC. coercionD. delegationE. top-down communication29. Brenda's ability to get the same amount of product completed with fewer people is a reflection of herA. effectivenessB. process skillsC. leadershipD. managementE. efficiency30. Getting her projects completed is an indication of Brenda's as a manager.A. leadershipB. effectivenessC. efficiencyD. attention to detailE. total quality management style31. If Brenda accomplished her project on time with high-quality results, but she took more time than other managers to complete it, you could say that as a manager she was A. efficient, but not effective B. a leader, but not a top manager C. project oriented, but not effective D. effective, but not efficien t E. profitable, but not quality driven32. The "management ['unctions" exemplified by Brenda include all but which of the following?A. planningB. controllingC. organizingD. leadingE. delegatingPart III. Essay Questions33. In a short essay, discuss the equity theory and list three probable behavior responses that may occur when employees perceive an inequity.The equity theory proposes that employees perceive what they get from a job situation (outcomes) in relation to what they put into it (inputs) and then compare their inputs-outcomes ratios of relevant others. If an employee perceives his or her ratio to be equal to those of relevant others a state of equity exits. In other words, he or she perceives that the situation is fair. However, if the ratio is unequal, inequity exists and he or she views themselves as underrewarded or overrewarded. When inequities occur, employees attempt to do something about it. The equity theory prop oses that employees might (1) distort either their own or others’ inputs or outcomes, (2) behave in some way to induce others to change their inputs or outcomes, (3) behave in some way to change their own inputs or outcomes, (4) choose a different comparison person, or (5) quit their job.34. In a short essay, list and discuss the three levels of strategy that an organization must develop.a.Corporate-level strategy –this strategy seeks to determine what businesses a company should be in or wants to bein. Corporate-level strategy determines the direction that the organization is going and the roles that each business unit in the organization will plan in pursuing that direction.b.Business-level strategy –this strategy seeks to determine how an organization should compete in each of its businesses. For a small organization in only one line of business or the large organization that has not diversified into different products or markets, the business-level strategy typically overlaps with the orga nization’s corporate strategy.For organizations with multiple businesses, however, each division will have its own strategy that defines the products or services it will offer and the customers it wants to reach.c.Functional-level strategy –this strategy seeks to determine how to support the business-level strategy. For organizations that have traditional functional departments such as manufacturing, marketing, human resources, research and development, and finance, these strategies need to support the business-level strategy35. In a short, essay, deescribe and provide examples of first-line, middle, and top management positions.1. First-line managers are the lowest level of management and manage the work of non-managerial individuals who are directly involved with the production or creation of the organization’s products.They are often called supervisors but may also be called line managers, office managers, or even foremen.2. Middle managers include all levels of management between the first-line level and the top level of the organization. These managers manage the work of first-line managers and may have titles such as department head, project leader, plant manager, or division manager.3. Top managers are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization. These individuals typically have titles such as executive vice president, president, managing director, chief operating officer, chief executive officer, or chairman of the board.PartIV．论述题此题请用中文回答)36，请论述系统论观点对企业管理的启示?系统论观点对企业管理的意义是非常重要的，人们对企业管理活动进行全面评价，也是离不开系统概念的。