英语四级段落翻译常用词汇：中国历史与文化京居U Peking opera秦腔Qin opera功夫Kungfo太极Tai Chi口技ventriloquism木偶戏puppet show皮影戏shadowplay折子戏opera highlights杂技acrobatics刺绣embroidery苏绣Suzhou embroidery泥人clay figure书法calligraphy中国画traditional Chinese painting水墨画Chinese brush painting中国结Chinese knot火药gun powder印刷术printing造纸术paper-making指南针the compass青铜器bronze ware瓷器porcelain; china唐三彩tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝cloisonne秋千swing武术martial arts儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化Con fucian culture象形文字pictographic characters文房四宝(笔墨纸观) the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone) 《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius 《孙子兵法》The Art of War 《三国演义》Three Kin gdoms 《西游爷己》Journey to the West 《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Man sio ns 《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes 《山海经》The Classic of Mou ntai ns and Rivers 《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror 《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals 《史记》Historical Records 《诗经》The Book of Songs 《易经》The I Chi ng; The Book of Chan ges《礼记》The Book of Rites《三字经》Three-character Scriptures 八股文eight-part essay 五言绝句five-character quatra in 七言律诗seve n-character octave 旗袍cheongsam 中山装Chinese tunic suit 唐装Tang suit 风水Fengshui; geomantic omen 阳历Solar calendar 阴历Lunar calendar 闰年leap year 十二生肖zodiac 春节the Spring Festival 元宵节the Lantern Festival 清明节the Tomb-sweeping Day 端午节the Drag on-boat Festival 中秋节the Mid-autumn Day 重阳节the Double-ninth Day 七夕节the Double-seventh Day 春联spring couplets 庙会temple fair 爆竹firecracker 年画(traditi on al) New Year pictures 压岁钱New Year gift-money 舞龙drag on dance 元宵sweet sticky rice dumplings 花灯festival lantern 灯谜Ian tern riddle 舞狮lion dance 踩高跷stiltwalking 赛龙舟dragon boat race 胡同hutong 山东菜Shandong cuisine 川菜Sichuan cuisine粤菜Canton cuisine 扬州菜Yangzhou cuisine 月饼moon cake 年糕rice cake 油条deep-fried dough sticks 豆浆soybean milk 馒头steamed buns 花卷steamed twisted rolls 包子steamed stuffed buns 北京烤鸭Beiji ng roast duck 拉面hand-stretched noodles 馄饨wonton (dumplings in soup) 豆腐tofu? bean curd 麻花fried dough twist 烧饼clay oven rolls 皮蛋100-year egg; cen tury egg 蛋炒饭fried rice with egg 糖葫芦tomatoes on sticks 火锅hot pot 长城the Great Wall of China 烽火台beacon tower 秦士台皇陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Qin shihua ng 兵马俑Terracotta Warriors and Horses 大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda 丝绸之路the Silk Road 敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes 华清池Huaqing Hot Springs泰山Mount Tai黄山Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain 故宫the Imperial Palace天坛the Temple of Heaven 午门Meridian Gate 大运河Grand Canal | 护城河the Moat 回音壁Echo Wall 居庸关Juyongguan Pass 九龙壁the Nine Dragon Wall 黄帝陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi 十三陵the Mi ng Tombs 苏州园林Suzhou garde ns 西湖West Lake 九寨沟Jiuzhaigou Valley 日月潭Sun Moon Lake布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼drum tower四合院quadrangle; courtyard complex孑L庙Confucius Temple乐山大佛Leshan Gia nt Buddha十八罗汉the Eightee n Disciples of the Buddha 喇嘛Lama英语四级段落翻译常用词汇：中国社会多元文化论cultural pluralism班车shuttle bus独生子女the only child in a family单亲sin gle pare nt福利彩票welfare lotteries民工migrant laborers名人celebrity农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labor/laborers青春期puberty性骚扰sexual harassment走私smuggling工作歧视job discrim in ati on享乐主义hedonism文盲illiteracy贫富分化disparity betwee n the rich and the poor一国两制One Cou ntry. Two Systems三个代表the Three Represe nts Theory南南合作South-South Cooperation南北对话North-South Dialog人大常委会People' s Con gress Standing Committee 法制观念aware ness of law 欢迎下载法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system 改革开放reform and ope nin g-up 公务员civil servants 官僚主义作风the bureaucratic style of work 禾口谐并存harm onious coexiste nee 计划生育family pla nning 计划生育基本国策the basic state policy of family pla nning4 青才申文明建设the construction of spiritual civilization 居委会neighborhood committee 科教兴国n ati onal rejuven ati on through scie nee and educati on 可持续发展s usta in able developme nt廉洁高效hon esty and high efficie ncy 两岸关系cross-straits relati ons 两岸谈判cross-straits n egotiati ons 领土完整territorial integrity 民族精神national spirit 普选制general election system 求同存异seek com mon gro und while shelv ing differe nces 人大代表NPC member 物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilizati on 小康社会 a well-off society 小康水平a well-off sta ndard] 一个中国原则the on e-Chi na prin ciple 与时俱进keep pace with the times 综合国力overall n ati onal stren gth 共同愿望com mon desire"走出去”（战略）goi ng global] 不结盟non-alignment 单边主义un ilateralism 多边政策multilateralism 多极世界multipolar world* 人口老龄化aging of population 人口出生率birth rate 社区月服务com munity service 道德法庭court of ethics 盗用公款embezzlement 成人夜校ni ght school for adults 在职进修班on-job training courses政治思想教育political and ideological educati on毕业生分酉己graduate placeme nt; assig nment of graduate充电update one' s knowledge 初等教育eleme ntary educatio n 大学城college town 大学社区college com munity 高等教育higher educati on 高等教育"211 工程” the “ 211 Project” for higher education高等学府in stituti on of higher educati on 综合性大学comprehe nsive uni versity 文科院校colleges of (liberal) arts 理工科大学college / uni versity of scie nee and engin eeri ng 师范学院teachers' college; no rmal college高分低能high scores and low abilities 高考(uni versity/college) entrance exam in ati on 高校扩招the college expa nsion pla n 教育界education circle 教育投入in put in educati on 九年义务教育nin e-year compulsory educatio n考研take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 课外活动extracurricular activities 必修课required/compulsory course 选修课elective/optional course 基础课basic courses 专业课specialized courses 课程表school schedule 教学大纟冈teachi ng program; syllabus 学习年限period of schooli ng 学历record of formal schooling 学分credit 启发式教学heuristic teach ing 人才交流tale nt excha nge 人才战competition for talented people 商务英语证书Busi ness En glish Certificate (BEC) 适龄儿重入学率en rollme nt rate for childre n of school age升学率proport ion of stude nts en teri ng schools of a higher grade; en rollme nt rate英语四级段落翻译常用词汇：中国经济总需求aggregate dema nd总供给aggregate supply企业文化corporate/e ntrepre neurial culture跨国公司cross-n atio nal corporati on仓U业精神en terpris ing spirit; pion eeri ng spirit夕卜资企业foreig n-fun ded en terprise猎头公司head-hunter假日经济holiday economy人力资本human capital航空和航天工业aerospace in dustry 飞机制造工业aircraft in dustry 电子工业electro nic in dustry欢迎下载汽车制造工业car in dustry娱乐业entertainment industry 信息产业in formati on in dustry 知识密集型产业kno wledge-i nten sive in dustry国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-ow ned en terprises轻工业light industry 博彩业lottery industry 制造业manufacturing industry 垄断行业mon opoly in dustries 市场多元化market diversificati on 市场经济market economy 市场监管market supervisi on 购买力purchas ing power 熊市bear market 牛市bull market 城镇化urbanization 房地产real estate 首付down-payment 业主home owner 个人购房贷款in dividual hous ing loa n经济全球化econo mic globalizati on 经济特区special econo mic zones (SEZ) 经济增长econo mic growth 泡沫经济bubble economy 关税tariff] 纟纳税人tax payer 宏观经济macro economy 货币投放量the size of money supply 流动性过剩excess liquidity 经济过热overheated economy 通货膨胀in flation 抑制通货膨胀curb in flati on 注入流动性to inject liquidity 贴现率discount rate 存款准备金率reserve requireme nt ratio (RRR)公开市场业务ope n market operatio n (OMO)逆回购reverse repurchase agreement; reverse repo 弓丨导降低市场借贷成本to guide the market borrow ing costs to a lower level稳健的货币政策prude nt mon etary policy 微调货币政策to fin e-t une mon etary policy硬着陆hard landing 软着陆soft landing 二十国集团Group of Twe nty (G2O) 财政部长Finance Mi nister 全年预期经济增长目标the expected growth target for the whole year经济活力econo mic vitality大规模经济刺激计戈U a massive econo mic stimulus package结构改革structural reform硬资产hard assets 软资产soft assets 有形资产tan gible assets 经济走廊econo mic corridor 整顿市场秩序to rectify the market order 反垄断an titrust; an ti-m on opoly 定价浮动price fluctuati ons谋求利益最大化to maximize profit地方性政府债务local governme nt debt/liability公共财政体制改革an overhaul of the public finance system债务管理debt man ageme nt信用支持credit support英语四级翻译中的基本句型：1. 否定句型1）部分否定:all/ every/ both/ always etc. + not2）完全否定:no/ none/ no body/ no thi ng/ no where/ n either/ n ever etc. + 谓语3）双重否定：S + cannot + refrain from/ help + doing忍不住…,控制/ 抑制不住….S + cannot + but/ choose but/ help but + do ;不得不,只好….There be no + S + but ＜是关系代词＞ +谓语.Eg. There is no rule but has its exceptions.2. 判断句型：1）强调判断句:S + be + no/ none + other than + 表语----不是别的…,正是….;Noth ing but/ other tha n …；It is ….that2）正反判断句：not A but B; not that …but that ….;not …because ….,but because3）比较判断句：more A than B; less B than A; A rather than B; not so much A as B Eg. It wasn ' t so muchctbthes as the man himself who impressed us immediately立刻给我们以深刻印象的与其说是衣服还不如说是这人本身. 3•倍数表示句型1） S + be/ v. +倍数+ that of 被比较的对象；+ n.+ as + adj./ adv./ n. + as ..;+比较级+ than …Eg. ☆ China is twenty times the size of Japan.☆This year our factory has turned out three times as many bicycles as it did 10 years ago.☆The floor space of the new build ing is twice that of the old one.☆The yield of wheat in 1996 was four times greater than that of 1966.☆America ns eat twice as much prote in as they actually n eed.4•比较句型：☆as ….as …;more/ less than No more/ less than☆Would rather / sooner do A tha n do B5. 程度句型：☆so/ such …+ thatlaus—☆so/ such …as to do …；☆too ….to do …6. 倒装让步句型：as表示虽然，尽管”时，用倒装结构.☆表语+ as + S + be, + 主句；☆副词/动词+ as + S , +主句Eg.^ Child/ Young as he is, he knows much bout the world.☆ Try as we might, we could not accomplish it.7. 作形式主语的常见句型：☆ It is adj./ vi./ n./ done that ......s said thatEg. It ' s possible/ It turns out/ It ' s a pity/ It虚拟语气：在英语四级汉译英考生应该注意以下几种虚拟语气的形式:（一）:由“if引导的虚拟句子（1）.与现在的事实相反：[If --- + were/did---, --- + would do---]If I were you , I would marry him.如果我是你，就会嫁给他。