具体措施 -3 I will try to keep a diary in English and practice writing at 具体措施 -2 a week. And finally I least twice will try to listen to English 结尾句，表明态度 cassettes two or three days. I believe that so long as I practice, I will be able to read, write, and understand better.
例文：Millions of years ago, Australia was linked to Asia by a land bridge. Then an earthquake caused the land bridge to sink. The sea rushed in, and Australia became an island. Later, this island became a British colony. Many animals that once wandered back and forth across the land bridge were left in Australia. And 这一段讲的是远古时期的澳大利亚，当时连 kangaroos were among them. Though they 人类都没有，但然不必提它后来沦为英国的 were killed off by large animals in other 殖民地的事了。此句应删掉。 places, they were about to survive in Australia.
顺序列点 / 显示事件的先后顺序 firstly / secondly / thirdly；first / second / third, then, next, after this, after that, before this, before that eg. 1. First I need your name and address. Second, when’s your birthday? 2. He even handed out advertisements at a local supermarket. Then he told the teachers at school about this problem. 3. At 8 o’clock I have math. I don’t like math. Then at 9:00 I have science. Next, at 10:00, I have history. 4. After that, they went to the Outdoor Pool where there was a giant octopus.
二、段落的完整性 一个段落的主题思想靠发展句来 实现，如果只有主题句而没有发 展句来进一步交待和充实，就不 能构成一个完整的段落。
In my English study, I have many difficulties. My first difficulty is that my vocabulary is not large. The second difficulty I have is that I can not write well. The third difficulty is that my listening comprehension is not good enough. Now I have a plan to study English well.
To get over these difficulties, I have worked out a plan. I plan to read one or two pages of English, such as China Daily, 21st Century English or some easy novels, in order to memorize the words on the one hand and keep in touch with the current news on the other.
示范段落 ① Until recently daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time．② Or it was considered as unhealthy escape from real life 代词 and its duties．③ But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming．④ And it may be that more people are suffering from a lack of daydreaming than are suffering from too much of it．
示范段落 ① Until recently daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time．② Or it 重复关键词 was considered as unhealthy escape from real life and its duties．③ But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming．④ And it may be that more people are suffering from a lack of daydreaming than are suffering from too much of it．
示范段落 ① Until recently daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time．② Or it was considered an unhealthy escape from real life and its duties．③ But 连接词 now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming．④ And it may be that more people are suffering from a lack of daydreaming than are suffering from too much of it．
篇章结构： 主题句：I have many difficulties. 发展句：具体说明困难 My first
difficulty…; The second difficulty …; The third difficulty ….
结尾句： Now I have a plan…
分析：
本段落看似完整，有头有尾。但由 于缺少实质内容—即对学英语的困 难的原因的分析，文章显得空洞无 物；此外，结尾句讲到了plan,具体 内容有没有交待，给人留下话好像 没说完的感觉。 修改如下：
如何做到行文连贯？其中的一个技巧就是恰当使用连 结词。只有恰当使用了语句之间的连接成分，才能使 全文结构紧凑。
开始陈述 to begin with，to start with，let’s begin with, first of all, in the first place，above all, at first 1. I thought today was going to be really bad. To start with, it was raining, and rainy days make me sad. 2. I don’t agree that animals should live in the zoo. To begin with, / First of all… they have no freedom … 3. At first, I thought it might be a dog, but I can’t see a dog. 4. I thought today was going to be really bad. To start with, it was raining, and rainy days make me sad.
The second difficulty I have is that I can not write well. As I have been very busy with my work which really doesn’t need any foreign 造成这一问题的原因 language, I seldom have a chance to write something in English. The third difficulty is that my listening comprehension is not good enough. This is because I had little training in listening while I was at college.
三、段落的连贯性
连贯性包括意连—内在的逻辑型； 和形连—使用过渡词语、过渡句 等方式。两者常常不可分割。只 有形连而没有意连，句子之间没 有内在的有机联系；反之，只有 意连而没有形连，有时行文就不 够流畅。
如何取得连贯性的建议 1）使用同一时态 如果随意而毫无理由地改变时态， 那么不管作者连句的技巧多么高超， 段落也不可能取得连贯性。在写作 时，可以使用现在时或过去时。选 用哪一种取决于作者处理材料的方 式。
2)使用某种逻辑顺序 常用的逻辑顺序有： 1）时间顺序 2）空间顺序 3）重要性顺序 4）熟悉度顺序
3) 使用连接成分 使用某些连接词和短语，重复某些 关键词，可以大大增加段落的连贯 性。某些连接词、短语和关键词可 以起粘着物的作用，把各部分连接 起来，使句子间的关系更加清楚。