小学英语语法与训练一、:①+s 的化1．一般情况下，直接加 -s ，如： cook-cooks, play-plays look-looks2．以 s. x. sh. ch. o 尾，加 -es ，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3．以“ 音字母 +y” 尾， y i, 再加 -es ，如： study-studies②加 ing 的化（在行）1．一般情况下，直接加 ing ，如： cook-cooking watch-watching ⋯2．以不音的 e 尾，去 e 加 ing ，如： make-making, taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个音字母，双写末尾的音字母，再加 ing ，如：run-running, stop-stopping③去式化：1．一般在末尾加 -ed ，如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked climb-climbed2．尾是 e 加 d，如： taste-tasted3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个音字母的重音，双写末尾的音字母，再加 -ed ，如： stop-stopped4．以“ 音字母 +y” 尾的， y i ，再加 -ed ，如： study-studied附：不去式am,is-was,are-were,do-did, see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went, come-came, have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made, read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew, drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat⋯⋯④ 否定句在助 be（am, is, are ）后加 not 或情 will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.主第三人称数的否定句在前加doesn ’t ，一般疑句在句首加does，句子中原有用原形。
例如： He likes fishing→ He doesn’ t like fishing。
主非第三人称数，否定句用don ’ t 。
一般疑句在句首加do，句子中用原形。
例如： You go to school on foot→ Do you go to school on foot?⑤ 的如： visit（原形），visits(第三人称数)，visiting(在分)，visited（一般去）eg: 1.I am going to visit my aunt this morning.(一般将来)2.He visits his grandparents with his father every week.(一般在)3.Are you visiting our teacher now?(在行)4.She visited her Uncle yesterday.(一般去)二、一般疑句与特殊疑句㈠一般疑句：①由 Be 引。
Be 提到句首， some改 any, and改or，第一二人称互。
如： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.②由 Do/Does 引。
如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.如： Does she go( 原形 )to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.㈡特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词：how(怎样，询问方式) ，what （什么），when（什么时候，询问时间），where （哪里，询问地点）， how many（多少，询问可数名词数量）， how much（多少，询问不可数名词数量）， which （哪一个，含选择意义）如： How does your father usually go to work? ---He usually go to work by bus.What day is it today?—It is Sunday.When are you going to take a trip?—I am going to take a trip tomorrow.When is your birthday?---It is May 5th .Where are you going?---I am going to ShangHai.What is Mike going to do?---He is going to play basketball.What are you doing now?---I am watching TV.Where is your home? ---My home is next to the bookstore.How many apples do you have?—I have a lot of apples.How much is the book?—It is five yuan.Which bike do you like better?---I like the yellow bike better.What time is it now?----It is 3 o'clockWhat is the weather like today?----It is sunny .What is the date today?---It is March 15th.What is your hobby?---I like fishing,riding a bike and watching TV.What does your mother do?---She is a TV reporter?Where are you from?---I am from England.Which season do you like best?---Spring.三、形容词和副词的比较级1、两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词 than 。
比较级前面可以用 more, a little来修饰表示程度。
2．形容词加 er 的规则：⑴一般在词尾加 er ；⑵以字母 e 结尾，加 r ；⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 er ；⑷以“辅音字母 +y”结尾，先把 y 变 i ，再加er 。
3．不规则形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful4．副词的比较级：( 不规则变化： well-better, far-farther)练习：⑴、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级old__________young________tall_______long________short________strong________big________small_______fat_________thin__________heavy______light________nice_________good_________beautiful__________________low__________high_________slow_______fast________late_________early_________far_________well_______⑵、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1.My brother is two years __________(old)than me.2.Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.3.Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.4.Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5.Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Mary ’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s.7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..四、第三人称单数（由第三人称 he, she, it引导的一般现在时。
）He ______ ( like ) collecting stamps. It ______（look ） like a cat.She _______ ( get ) up at 6:00 o’clock.She ______(have)lunch at twelve.It _____ ( take ) me an hour to do my homework. Uncle Wang often ______(make) kites.五、小学词汇：①星期 (Week)Sunday（星期日）Monday（星期一）Tuesday（星期二） Wednesday （星期三）Thursday （星期四）Friday（星期五）Saturday（星期六）②月份 (Month)January （一月） February （二月） March（三月）April（四月）May （五月） June （六月）July （七月） August （八月）September （九月）October （十月） November （十一月）December（十二月）③季节 (Season)Spring （春季）Summer（夏季）Fall（秋季）Winter（冬季）④数字 (Number) 与序数词One一 Two 二 Three 三 Four 四 Five五 Six六 Seven 七 Eight八 Nine 九 Ten 十Eleven 十一 Twelve十二First 第一，首先 Second 第二 Third 第三 Fourth第四 Fifth 第五⑴、用所给名词的适当形式填空。