名词性从句Noun Clauses一.基础定义和连接词1. 名词性从句：就是在句子中起名词作用的从句。

2. 名词性从句包括4种从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

从高考的考查的实际情况来看，名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句，其次是主语从句，再次是表语从句，而同位语从句则很少考查。

［判断］以下从句类型：1) The truth is that I have been there.( )2) The fact that she was late surprised us.( )3) That he will come is certa in.( )4) I know that he will come.( )3. 名词性从句的连接词有：从属连词(不做成分)：that (无意义)‘whether, if(是否)….连接代词(在从句中做主,宾，表，定):what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever连接副词(在从句中做状语)：whe n, where, how , why二.名词性从句位置和特点主语从句：1.可直接放在句首。

2. 主语较长时通常用It作形式主语，而将主语从句放在后面。

1) . ___ he knows Japaneses known to all.2) . _____ surprised me was to see him here .3) ________ he is comingdoesn' t matter much.4) It remains a secret _____ they climbed up the mountain.宾语从句：可做动词，介词和部分(表情感态度的)形容词词的宾语。

I want to know whe n we will start.Everyth ing depe nds on whether we have eno ugh time.I ' imfraid (that) I have made a mistake.注意：如果宾语从句后面有宾补要使用it作形式宾语而将从句放到宾补后面。

常见的可以接it形式宾语的动词有：make, think, find, feel, consider等He made it clear that he was determined to resign .I thought it strange that he didn ' t call me.表语从句：1. 位于系动词动词之后。

常见此类系动词有be, look , seem,即pear等It seems that she has known the truth.It looks as if it is going to rain.This school is no Ion ger what it was before.2. 主语是reason时，表语从句常用that引导，不用because引导。

The reason for his absenee was _____ he was ill.3. 表语从句可以用as if, as though,和because引导.It seemed as if he had done someth ing great.That is because he has got lost.4. 注意下面句型的习惯译法：This is whereLu Xun once lived. _______________________That was how they won the match. ______________________This is whyshe got up so early this morning. _____________________同位语从句：1. 位于名词之后，通常为含义，概念名词，解释说明它的含义和内容。

这样的名词有：belief, fact, hope, idea, doubt, news ,conclusion, problem, information, opinion, promise, truth, suggesti on …2. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别：1 )从意义上讲前者对名词加以补充说明，后者对名词加以修饰和限定。

2 )同位语从句的引导词不可省略，定语从句的引导词有时可省略。

3)同位语从句的引导词that在从句中不充当任何成分，定语从句的引导词在从句中必须充当一定成分。

判断下面从句类型：We were excited about the n ews (that) he had told us. ( )We were excited about the news that he had passed the exam.( )The fact that the young man had bee n a pris oner ast on ished her .( )The fact that was un believable ast oni shed every one.( )The question who helped us out of difficulty remains to be answered.( )The questi on which he asked remai ns to be an swered.( )三.名词性从句的主要考点1.名词性从句要用陈述语序。

尤其是含疑问意义的wh-类的词引出的从句要倍加注意、。

Why was she cryingI don ' t know why he was crying.引导宾语语从句时可省略，引导其他从句一般不可省略。

［判断］下面那个that可以省略1) I know that he will come soon.2) That they are good at English is known to us all.3) The problem i s that we don ' t have enough money.4) She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day.［注意］由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中，第二个that不省略.He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time.和if的选择问题A whether能引导所有名词性从句；只能引导宾语从句(也可引导不位于句首的主语从句)B. 介词后的宾语从句只能用whether不能用if 。

C. whether能和or not连用，而if不可以D. whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样;E. whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。

［填空］用whether和if填空1) I don ' t kno ________ he will come.2) I have not decided ________ to go or not.3) _____________________ It all depends on they will come back. 引导名词性从句时可有两种意义：保持原有的疑问意义，表示什么”。

I don ' t know what he wants. 表示“…的东西，…..的事情”。

That' s what he wants.5. who引导的名词性从句译为谁…的事”---指事。

Whoever引导的名词性从句译为任何…的人”---指人。

［翻译句子］.Who will be sent there has ncTedd e di nWhoever will be sent there will be paid a lot. ____________________6 which和what引导定语从句的区别：Which有范围，表示一定范围内的哪一个…”What没有范围，直接翻译成什么….”.I don ' t know what you want. ______________There are two books. Can you tell me which you want _________________7.名词性从句的时态问题1. 当主句的谓语动词是过去式时，宾语从句若不是一个客观事实或真理，其谓语动词也必须用某种过去时态。

如：She said that she ___________ (do) want to know. 她说她不想知道。

I asked her whether she ____________ (will) agree.我问她是否会同意2. when, if引导名词性从句且表示将来意义时，要直接使用将来时态；但当它们引导状语从句且表示将来意义时，则必须用一般现在时表示将来意义。

如：I don ' t know when he will come, but when he comes, I ' ll call you.句中第一个when引导的是_______ 从句，故用将来时态表示将来意义；第二个when引导的是_________ 从句，故用一般现在时表示将来意义。