名词性从句（宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句）六大基本句型1主系表句型----- be （连系动词do）2、主谓宾----- do（vt）3、主谓----- do(vi)----(不及物动词)4、主谓宾补----do(vt)5、主谓宾宾---do(vt) 记双宾语的动词一定要记。

6、There be (不及物动词do)--------be (不及物动词)宾语从句定义：在主谓宾句型的宾语的位置上把做为名词的宾语扩展成一个be句型或者do句型。

可以用下列公式进行表示：主语+谓语+从句。

宾语从句的连词① that , ②whether(or not)或if; ③which(whichever),who(whoever)，whom(whomever) ，whose(whosever)，what(whatever); ④when(whenever)，where(wherever)，why，how(however); ⑤ how many, how much, how long, how often，how soon宾语从句的形式：1、主谓宾句型的宾语从句: 作为名词的宾语扩展成一个be句型或者do句型。

He knows the newsHe knows that the teacher is in classroom2、主谓宾宾---do(vt) 句型的宾语从句，把直接宾语变为一个be或do句型。

He tells me the newsHe tells the news to meHe tells me that she is a teacherHe tells that she is a teacher to me3、主谓宾补句型的宾语从句需要it来做形式宾语I find Chinese important主谓宾补I find that we make a quick decision about this matter important主谓宾语从句补I find it important that we make a quick decision about this matter主谓形式宾语补宾语从句I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天写日记成了习惯.4、宾语从句的省略形式：某些形容词后面可以带宾语从句，其形式为sb+be+形容词+that宾语从句：这一类形容词通常是表示人物的心理，情感等状态的形容词如：sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surpriseda. I am glad (that) you helped me.b、I am sure (that) you can pass the exam.1、I am glad of your help.2、I am sure about your exam.分析：上面句子中介词后面所跟成分都做介词宾语。

我们完全可以将他们换成that+陈述句:3、I am glad of that you helped me.4、I am sure about that you can pass the exam.从语法上讲，以上的结构都是正确的。

但是，由于这样表达过于啰嗦，所以我们可以将其简化，省去介词，由于它们是宾语从句，所以连同that也可以省掉，因此，这是一种省略形式的宾语从句。

表语从句同样的道理，如果在主系表句型表语的位置上把表语变成一个be句型或者do句型，则称为表语从句。

①The question is difficult -------_the question is how we make money .主语系表主语系表语从句②The question is difficult -------- the question is that she is a thief主语系表语从句③The question is difficult -----the question is that there is a thief in the room主语系表语从句④事实是因为每个人都要生活------ the fact is because everyone must live小结：表语从句的引导词与宾语从句一样，规律与宾语从句一样，只不过称呼不同而已，因此掌握宾语从句以后，表语从句无需特别学习。

但要注意以下几点：1、不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。

False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.（错误）Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.（正确）2、that在表语从句中不可以省掉。

the question is that she is a thief3、注意比较That is because...”句型与that is why….句型“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果。

例如：1：He did not see the film last night.That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.2、He had seen the film before.That is why he did not see it last night.(第一句话说明原因，第二句话说明结果)4、当主语是reason, fact，idea等抽象名词时，表语从句的连接词应该用that.①The reason is that he didn’t go to school②The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed”tomake us do so.A when B. why C. whether D. that③You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.A. whyB. whereC. whatD. how主语从句如果将主谓宾或主系表的主语扩展成为一个句子，称为主语从句：①The question is difficult ----that she makes money is difficult主语系表主语从句系表----- it is difficult that she makes mon ey形式主语系表真正的主语It= that she makes money 主语从句的结构：it is….that…..②the cat is a fact ----- that there is a cat in the room is a fact主语从句it is a fact that there is a cat in the room形式主语系表真正主语③he knows the news---- that he knows the news surprises meIt surprises me that he knows the news小结：主语从句的引导词与宾语从句一样，规律与宾语从句一样，只不过称呼不同而已，因此掌握宾语从句以后，主语从句无需特别学习。

但需要注意两点：1,主语从句有形式主语it2, 引导词if不能引导主语从句，只能用whether….(or not)If 不能引导主语从句———他明天是否上学还不知道 if he will go to school is unclear (错误) it is unclear if he will go to school（错误）Whether he will go to school is unclear It is unclear whether he will go toschool (正确)3、以下几点需要注意：It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。

而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。

被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。

例如：It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.It was the football team and It had(who) helped the old man4、(1) 主系表的主语从句形式it +系+表+从句It is a fact that …事实是…It is natural that…很自然…(2)主谓宾的主语从句形式：it+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+从句（3）主谓的主语从句形式：it +谓语（不及物动词）＋从句It seems that…似乎…It happened that…碰巧…(4)主谓宾宾的主语从句形式：it +谓语+宾语+宾语+从句(5)主谓宾补的主语从句形式：it +谓语+宾语+补语+从句巩固练习1. Nowadays consumers become more and more practical and buy only _______they need. A. where B. which C. when D. what2. She'd like to offer money to ________ needs it to continue his or her study.A. whoB. whomC. whoeverD. whomever3. ---If you are admitted to a key university, _________ as a prize?--- I'm looking for a cell phone.A. What you expect your father will offer youB. Do you expect what your father will offer youC. What do you expect will your father offer youD. What do you expect your father will offer you4. Yesterday he sold out all his stamps at ____ he thought was a reasonable price.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. as5. Generally speaking, ____ we have seen seems more believable than ____ wehave been told.A. what; thatB. what; whatC. that; whatD. that; that6. After three days' waiting, there was a little doubt in the mother's mind _______the police could find her lost child.A. howB. thatC. whereD. whether7. "Sustainable development" is a question _______ we can continue developingthe world without damaging the environment.A. whyB. whenC. thatD. how8. We'd like to do _______ we can _________ the poor.A. how; helpB. all; to helpC. whatever; helpD. however; to help9. My parents used ________they had to get a new car for my brother.A. whichB. all whatC. whatD. 不填10. She was so angry at all ______ he was doing ________ she stayed up all night.A. that; thatB. that; whichC. what; thatD. what; as11. After _________ seemed ages, the newsman disclosed the facts.A. thereB. whichC. whatD. that12. Our school is no longer ______ it was 10 years ago, _______it was not wellequipped.A. what; whichB. that; whichC. what; whenD. that; where13. Our bad living habits will destroy the earth. Only by changing ________we livecan we save the earth.A. thatB. whatC. howD. where14. Thinking that you know _________ in fact you don't is a serious mistakeA. whatB. thatC. whenD. however15. Energy is _________ makes things work.A. whatB. everythingC. somethingD. anything16. One of the men held the view __________the book said was right.A. that whatB. what thatC. thatD. whether17. I think that this meal was well worth ________ was charged for it.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. how many18. Do you think the reason ________ he gave is believable?A. for whichB. whichC. whyD. what19. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded ________ other more well-informed experimenters failed.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where20. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders________ will happen toher private life.A. itB. thatC. whatD. this21. The news has spread all over the country ________ the spaceship succeeded in returning to the earth.A. thatB. whichC. whetherD. what22. You can choose ________ book you like among these.A. no matter whatB. whateverC. whoseD. whichever23. Is this research center ________ we visited the modern equipment last year?A. whereB. thatC. the oneD. which24. Loulan city is not at all _______a traveler who has never seen the desert beforecan expect.A. whatB. that C .which D. where25. What the doctor is uncertain about is ______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A. whenB. howC. whetherD. why26. We should buy our daughter a computer in ______ it can help to improve her English.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whom27. I wish to have a friend with ______ shares my hobbies and interests.A. whomeverB. no matter whoC. whoeverD. anyone28. Why don't you bring _______ to his attention that you are too busy to do it.A. thisB. whatC. thatD. it29. The task required _______ did it ______ careful and brave enough.A. who; isB. whom; wasC. whomever; wereD. whoever; be30. We wrote a letter of thanks to _______ had helped us.A. whoB. thoseC. whomD. whoever31.--- What are you anxious about?--- ___________.A. Whether we can succeedB. If we succeedC. Do you succeedD. That we can succeed32. I just don't understand_______ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect.A .why it does B. what it does C. what it is D. why it is33. ---I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply.---Oh, that was probably _________ I was seeing the doctor.A. whenB. whyC. whatD. that34. I kept this picture ________ I can see it every day as it reminds me of my university days.A. in whichB. whereC. whenD. whether35. ---I can't find Mr. Smith .Where did you last see him this morning?---It was in the hotel _______ he stayed.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. since36. You should keep those old jam bottles ----you never know ______ you might need them.A. whenB. how.C. what D .where37. ---Do you have anything in mind ______you'd like for supper ?---Well, ______will do for me.A. which, everythingB. that, anythingC. what, whateverD. that, either38. After five hours' drive, they reached __ they thought was the place they'd been dreaming of .A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where39. It is recommended that the project ___ until all the preparations have been made.is not started B. not be startedC. will not be startedD. is not to be started40.______ has finished the work ahead of time will be rewarded though we don't know who it will be.A. Those whoB. AnyoneC. WhoeverD. No matter who。