高中语法—主语从句+表语从句+同位语从句❖讲解●主语从句一．定义：在句中起主语作用的从句二．语序—陈述句语序When will he come is not known. ×→When he will come is not knownWhether can animals be well protected is of great importance.×→Whether animals can be well protected is of great importance.→陈述句语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分三．连接词1.从属连词：that/whether①that：没有意义，不作成分，不可省略(that=口袋→把句子装起来）@3.10,25,28,30②whether“是否”不可省略,不可用if代替---Whether they would support us was a problem.（if“如果”有歧义）@4.5 ,312.连接代词①who,whom,what,which,whose,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever②特定意义，不可省略③在主语从句中做成分What we need is water.---作宾语@29Who will go makes no difference.---作主语@12，14,17,19，#4,12Who he is remains uncertain.---作表语Whose shirt it is remains unknown. ---作定语#16*Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam. ---无论是谁@18*Whatever(Anything that) she did was right. ---@2①when,why,how,where②特定意义，不可省略③作状语，表示时间，地点，原因，方式When he will be back depends on the weather.---时间状语Where the test will be given is not yet decided.---地点状语#14Why dinosaurs died out remains a puzzle.---原因状语#13How this happened is not clear to anyone. ---方式状语四．时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制五．It作形式主语1.结构it is...that...（无意义，不做成分）①It is certain that she will do well in her exam. →It is+a.+that...②It’s a pity that we can’t go.→It is+n.词组+that...(no wander难怪，an honor荣耀）@1，16,20③It is said that Tiny Times is a good movie→It is said,reported,suggested,well-known+that...@13#6④It happened that I was out that day.→ It + 特殊动词（seem似乎，happen碰巧doesn’t matter）+ that ...@6,7,8 2.It is+其他连接词（有意义，作成分）It was a problem whether they would support us.It is hard to understand why there is gravity.@11,15,#73.否定前移It seems that they are not from the same university.→It doesn’t seem that they are from the same university.六．注意1.主语从句中的连词---不能重叠使用That whether he will help others is a fact.×→That he will help others is a fact.2.含主语从句的主句谓语动词---用单数第三人称形式When he will come are a puzzle.×→When he will come is a puzzle.@9,#23.what 引导的主语从句---根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式①What he needs is that book.②What he needs are some books.●表语从句That is what he is worried about.一．定义：在句子中作表语的句子，be,look,seem,appear,sound,feel,remain+表语从句二．语序—陈述句语序三．连接词=主语从句@191.seem,appear,look,sound,feel+as if/as though“好像...”①It looked as f it was going to rain.②It sounds as though someone is knocking at the door.2.The reason why I came late is that my car broke down on the half way.He came late. That’s because his car broke down.His car broke down on the half way. That’s why he came late.四．时态：与主句无关●同位语从句The fact （名词）that he is older than me is obvious.一．定义:解释说明某一名词的内容和实质的从句=该名词(fact,idea,news,promise)I have no idea who will be our teacher.The question why the actress was killed is not clear.二．语序—陈述句语序三．连接词=主语从句，都不能省略#3四．时态：与主句无关❖当堂练习主语从句答题技巧：动词前面是主从，缺啥补啥选连词，that句首不能省，if不可替whether,it形主要记牢，常用that不可省，不做成分无意义，其他连词作成分.1.What a pity _____is _____you didn’t arrive by daylight.A. there, becauseB. it, thatC. he, whenD. that, forB.你白天没来真可惜呀，①what a pity it is!...真可惜呀②it作形式主语，真正主语that you didn’t arrive by daylight2. We are ready to do ______ the country wants us to do.A. whatB. whichC. no matter whatD. whateverD①根据句意，选无论什么CD②no matter what不能引导名词性从句，不能放句中；引导让步状语从句，放句首：No matter what happened, he would not mind.③whatever,句首句中都可以放3.It is a pity that you (should) miss such a good chance.___ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.A.ThatB. WhyC. WhatD. HowA.that引导主语从句，不做成分，不可省略4. ___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .A IfB WhetherC ThatD WhereB句意是否5.____ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.That B. Whether C. If D. Even ifB句意是否6. It is known to us ___ where there is pollution, there is harm.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. ThatD.it作形式主语7.It’s known to us all ___ a form of energy .A.water isB. that water isC. is waterD. that water toB.It is known to us all that...it作形式主语8. It worried her a bit ___ her hair was turning gray.A. whetherB. thatC. whatD. WhenB.it作形式主语9.What I say and think ___ none of your business.A.isB. areC. has D haveA含主语从句的主句谓语动词---用单数第三人称形式10--- I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.--- __A__ it made me nearly mad.A. That he brokeB. What he brokeC. He brokeD. His break11.It remains a question _A___ we can get so much money in such a short time.A.howB. thatC. whenD. what12. They lost their way in the forest and __A__ made matters worse was _表语从句__ night began to fall.A. what; thatB. it; thatC. what; whenD. which; what13. ___A_____that they found an unusual plant in the forest.A. It is saidB. They are saidC. It saidD. It says14. ___A__ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. WhatB. ThatC. HowD. Where15. It worried Mary a lot __A___ she would pass the college entrance examination.A. whetherB. ifC. thatD. how16. __A__ is no possibility ______ Bob will win the first prize in the match.A. There, thatB. It, thatC. There, whetherD. It, whetherThere is no possibility=it is impossible含有no一般用there：there is no doubt17. ___B_surprised me most was _____such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well.A. That; whatB. What; thatC. That; thatD. What; whatThat引导表语从句18. ___C__ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A. WhoB. AnyoneC. WhoeverD. The personWhoever=anyone who19. ___A_ she couldn’t understand was _____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What; whyB. That; whyC. What; becauseD. Why; thatWhy引导表语从句20. It was __A__ he said ___ disappointed me.A. What; thatB. That; thatC. What; whatD. That;what❖名词性从句综合练习名词性从句答题技巧：动词后面是宾从，动词前面是主从，be的后面加表从，名词后面同位语；一看陈述句语序，二看连词选什么，连接代词看缺啥，连接副词看句意；主从that不可省，同位连词都留下，三看时态四it，既作形主又形宾。