中学物理中英文词汇力force牛顿(力的单位) Newton重力gravity重心center of gravity弹力elastic force摩擦力friction force滑动摩擦sliding friction静摩擦因数static friction factor动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor力的合成composition of forces力的分解resolution of forces机械运动mechanical motion参考系reference frame质点mass point直线运动rectilinear motion位移displacement速度velocity速率speed平均速度average velocity平均速率average speed瞬时速度instantaneous velocity加速度acceleration自由落体freely falling body重力加速度acceleration due to gravity运动学kinematics动丸学dynamics牛顿第一定律Newton first law惯性inertia牛顿第二定律Newton second law牛顿第三定律Newton third law超重overweight失重weightlessness惯性系inertial system非惯性系non-inertial system惯性力inertial force平衡状态equilibrium state力矩moment of force曲线运动curvilinear motion圆周运动circular motion周期period频率frequency向心力centripetal force向心加速度centripetal acceleration万有引力universal gravitation万有引力定律law of universal gravitation 引力常量gravitational constant第一宇宙速度first cosmic velocity第二宇宙速度second cosmic velocity第三宇宙速度third cosmic velocity功work焦耳(功的单位) joule功率power瓦特(功率的单位) watt能energy动能kinetic energy动能定理theorem of kinetic energy势能potential energy重力势能gravitational potential energy弹性势能elastic potential energy机械能mechanical energy机械能守恒定律law of conservation of mechanical energy冲量impulse动量momentum动量定理theorem of momentum动量守恒定律law of conservation of momentum反冲recoil振动vibration简谐运动simple harmonic motion振幅amplitude赫兹(频率的单位) hertz单摆simple pendulum阻尼振动damped vibration受迫振动forced vibration驱动力driving force共振resonance波wave介质medium横波transverse wave纵波longitudinal wave波长wavelength波的反射reflection of wave波的折射refraction of wave波的衍射diffraction of wave波的干涉interference of waves驻波standing wave多普勒效应Doppler effect超声波supersonic wave次声波infrasonic wave声呐sonar阿伏加德罗常数A vogadro constant 布朗运动Brown motion热运动thermal motion热力学能thermodynamic energy内能internal energy热力学第一定律first law of thermodynamics能量守恒定律law of conservation of energy热力学第二定律Second law of thermodynamics各向同性isotropy各向异性anisotropy单晶体single crystal多晶体poly-crystal表面张力surface tension毛细现象capillarity液晶liquid crystal温度temperature体积vo1ume压强pressure帕斯卡(压强的单位) Pascal玻意耳定律Boyle law查理定律Charles law摩尔气体常量mo1ar gas constant克拉珀龙方程Clapeyron equation等温过程isothermal process等温线isotherm等容过程isochoric process等容线isochore等压过程isobaric process等压线isobar湿度humidity混沌chaos分形fractal电荷electric charge电荷量quantity of electricity正电荷positive charge负电荷negative charge库仑定律Coulomb law静电感应electrostatic induction感应电荷induced charge元电荷elementary charge电荷守恒定律law of conservation of charge库仑(电荷的单位) coulomb电场electric field电场力electric field force电场强度electric field strength电场线electric field line导体conductor静电平衡electrostatic equilibrium静电屏蔽electrostatic screening电势electric potential电势差／电压electric potential difference 伏特(电压的单位) volt电势能electric potential energy等势面equi-potential surface电容capacitance电容器capacitor充电charging放电discharging法拉(电容的单位) farad电流electric current安培(电流的单位) ampere直流direct current恒定电流steady current电阻resistance欧姆(电阻的单位) ohm电阻率resistivity半导体semiconductor超导体superconductor电功率electric power电动势electromotive force -(e．m．f．) 磁性magnetism磁场magnetic field磁感线magnetic induction line安培定则Ampere rule安培力Ampere force磁感应强度magnetic induction左手定则left-hand rule洛伦兹力Lorentz force加速器accelerator磁通量magnetic flux电磁感应electromagnetic induction感应电流induction current感应电动势induction electromotive force 电磁感应定律law of electromagnetic induction楞次定律Lenz law右手定则right-hand rule自感self-induction交流alternating current瞬时值instantaneous value峰值peak value有效值effective value电感inductance变压器transformer电能electric energy电磁振荡electromagnetic oscillation电磁场electromagnetic field电磁波electromagnetic wave雷达radar射弹抛射物Projectile抛射体运动Projectile motion射程Range速度的水平（垂直）分力Horizontal(V ertical) components of velocity电场Superposition of Electric Fields线圈Coil相干波源Coherent wave source光斑Speckle光栅衍射Diffraction gratings光子Photon电子Electron光电效应The photoelectric effect电离能Ionization energy线放射（吸收）光谱Line emission (absorption) spectrum荧光Fluorescence质量筐Mass defect结合能Binding energy衰变Decay抛物线轨迹Parabolic path量, 大小Magnitude毕达哥拉斯(580? -500?BC, 古希腊哲学家, 数学家) ，勾股定理Pythagoras维度Dimension电学Electricity磁学Magnetism光Light物质，介质Matter原子Atom原子核Nuclei公式Formula常量Constant互相垂直的矢量Mutually perpendicular vectors标量Scalar回旋加速器Cyclotron裂变Fission聚变Fusion电烙铁Electric soldering iron安培计Ampere meter伏特计V oltmeter电压V oltage电源Power pack电池Battery指南针Compass硬橡胶Ebonite螺线管Solenoid传音学Acoustics导电体Conductor绝缘体Insulator合力Net force法向力Normal force铁屑Iron filings验电器Electroscope量角器Protractor对地同步(静止) 的Geostationary 半径Radius光谱仪Spectrometer (spectrograph, spectroscopic instrument)分光镜Spectroscope等速圆周运动Uniform circular motion 偏振（极化）Polarization。