（1）表并列关系的过渡词:and, also， as well, as well as，or, too, not only…but also, both … and, either … or, neither…nor（2）表递进关系的过渡词:besides, in addition（加之，除……之外）, moreover(此外，而且), what’s more，what’s worse（3）表转折对比的过渡词：yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, despite, in s pite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, years ago…today, the former…the latter, the first… whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand … on the other hand, some…others（4）表原因的过渡词:because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to（由于）（5）表结果的过渡词:so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that, then, thereby, hence, so…that, such…that（6）表条件的过渡词:if, unless, on condition that, as/so long as（7）表时间的过渡词:when, while, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning / year / century, after a while, in a few days, now, presently, finally, at last, all of a sudden, form now on, at present, immediately, the moment（8）表特定的顺序关系的过渡词:first, firstly, second, secondly, third, thirdly, above all, first of all, then, next, finally, in the end, at last, afterward(s)（后来）, meanwhile （几乎同时）, thereafter（在那以后）, last, finally, eventually（终于）（9）表换一种方式表达的过渡词:in other words, that is to say, to put it another way（10）表进行举例说明的过渡词:for instance, for example, like, such as（11）表陈述事实的过渡词:in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth（12）表强调的过渡词:certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important, in fact, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously（13）表比较的过渡词：like, unlike, in the same way, similarly, similar to（14）表目的的过渡词：for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to （15）表总结的过渡词:in a word(总之，简言之), in general, in short(总之), above all, after all, generally speaking, to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary（1）用于“启”的过渡词语,通常用在段落或文章的开头：first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to being with, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, at present, lately, currently,It is often said that…,As the proverb says…,It goes without saying that…,It is clear/obvious that…,Many people often ask …（2）用于“承”的过渡词语,通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中：second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt，It is true that…,Everybody knows that…,It can be easily proved that…,No one can deny that…The reason why …is that …,There is no doubt that…,To take…for an example (instance) …,We know that…,What is more serious is that…（3）用于“转”的过渡词语,通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中：but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in any case, at any rate(无论如何), nevertheless(虽然如此), otherwise, or, or else, while, whereas, but, despite, in spite of ..., yet, instead,I do not believe that…,Perhaps you’ll ask why…This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to…, Though we are in basic agreement with …, yet differences will be found, That’s why I feel that…（4）用于“合”的过渡词语,通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中：in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking，to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, therefore, as a result, above all, thus，after all(毕竟), eventually, hence, in short, in conclusion, in a word, in sum(总之), on the whole(就整体而言), to sum upFrom this point of view …On account of this we can find that …The result is dependent on …Thus, this is the reason why we must….一．开头用语：１．议论论文：A. Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages．B. Compared to/ In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient.C. When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience. However,...D. Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside.E. As is known to all/ As we all know, computers have played an important role/part in our daily life.F. Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view.2. 书信：A. I am writing to you to apply for admission to your university as a visiting scholar.B. I read an advertisement in today’s China Daily and I apply for the job...C. Thank you for your letter of May 5.D. How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9.E. How nice to hear from you again.3. 口头通知或介绍情况：A. Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please. I have an announcement to make.B. Attention, please. I have something important to tell you.C. Mr. Green, Welcome to our school. To begin with, let me introduce Mr. Wang to you.4. 演讲稿：A. Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject -- A Balance Diet and Health.B. Good morning everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greeting to our distinguished guest.二．并列用语：as well as, not only…but (also), including,A. Not only do computers play an important part in science and technology, but also play an informative role in our daily life.B. All of us, including the teachers / the teachers included, will attend the lecture.C. He speaks French as well as English.=He speaks English, and French as well.=He speaks not only English but also French.D. E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.三．对比用语：on one hand ,on the other hand, on the contrary/contrary to ..., though, for one thing ;for another, neverthelessA. I know the Internet can only be used at home or in the office, but on the other hand, it is becoming more and more popular for much information as well as clear and vivid pictures.B. It is hard work; I enjoy it though.C. Contrary to what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun.四. 递进用语：even, besides, what’s more, as for,so…that…, worse still, moreover, furthermore; but for, in addition, to make matters worseA. The house is too small for a family of four, and furthermore/besides/what’s more/moreover /in addition/worse still , it is in a bad location.五. 例证用语：in one’s opinion, that is to say, for example, for instance, as a matter of fact, in fact, namelyA. As a matter of fact, advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life．B. There is one more topic to discuss, namely/that is ( to say ), the question of education.六. 时序用语：first/firstly, meanwhile, before long, ever since, while, at the same timein the meantime, shortly after, nowadays,A. They will be here soon. Meanwhile, let’s have coffee.B. Firstly, let me deal with the most important difficulty.七. 强调用语：especially, indeed, at least, at the most, What in the world/on earth.. , not at all ,A. Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep.B What in the world/on earth are you doing?八. 因果用语：thanks to, because, as a result, because of/as a result of , without, with the help of..., owe ...to...A. The company has a successful year, thanks mainly to the improvement in export sales.B. As a result, many of us succeeded in passing the College Entrance Examinations.九. 总结用语：in short; briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, in a word, as you know, as is known to allA. Generally speaking, sending an e-mail is more convenient than sending letters.B. In short, measures must be taken to prevent the environment being polluted.常用句型（一）段首句1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。