毕业设计题目真空镀膜机电气控制系统摘要本文所研究的真空镀膜机是一种蒸发式卷绕系统的镀膜机，主要应用于PET、OPP、BOPP等塑料薄膜上蒸镀金属膜，也可应用于生产镀铝、镀锌铝或镀银锌铝电容膜。

其总体结构主要由真空系统、卷绕系统、蒸镀系统及电控系统组成，通过PLC来实现对真空系统的各种泵、阀门等开关量的控制，通过三菱触摸屏实现后台管理、各种工艺参数的设定及控制功能，自动化程度较高，有利于生产效率的提高。

该电气控制系统主控单元是采用三菱PLC的FX系列的通过三菱触摸屏设置对纸张力、电机速度、蒸发舟的状态和蒸发量等工艺要求参数的控制，同时具有故障报警、保护路线的功能，由RS232/485串行接口、A/D转换模块和控制器等实现各种参数的传输、信息处理、检测控制功能。

文中首先对镀膜机的真空系统和整个蒸镀工艺过程进行了分析；并建立了卷绕系统中放卷、收卷的张力控制模型，找出影响张力的相关因素，并采用了模糊自适应整定PID控制算法作为卷绕系统张力控制策略，结果显示比传统的PID 控制效果好，适应性强；同时完成了控制系统软、硬件结构的论证分析和设计，设计过程中采用三菱PLC仿真软件对电气控制系统进行了模拟仿真，并实现上位机与PLC的通讯功能，仿真结果显示，该真空镀膜机自动化程度高，模拟蒸镀效果好，保证了镀膜质量。

关键词：真空镀膜机；可编程控制器；张力控制；人机界面；AutoCAD2007ABSTRACTIn this paper, Vacuum coating machine, which is developed by this paper is an evaporation-type winding coating machine, mainly used in PET, OPP, BOPP and other plastic film evaporated metallic film, also can be used in the production of aluminum, galvanized aluminum or silver plated zinc aluminum capacitor film. The composition of its overall structure is mainly composed of a vacuum system, winding system, evaporation system and electric control system; On the one hand, through the PLC to control pump of the vacuum system ,valve switch and so on, on the other hand, through Mitsubishi touch screen to conduct back-stage management and control and set all kinds of Process parameters, this will improve the degree of automation and Is conducive to the improvement of production efficiency.The electric control system of main control unit is controlled by Mitsubishi FX series, through Mitsubishi touch screen to set and control evaporation process on paper tension, motor speed, evaporation boat required parameters, besides fault alarm, protection route function. By RS232/485 serial interface and A/D conversion module controller to achieve various parameters transmission, information processing, detection and control function.Firstly, the vacuum system for coating machine and the evaporation process are analyzed in this paper; and the winding system of roll and the roll tension control model is established, then finding out the relevant factors that affect tension, and adopt the fuzzy adaptive tuning PID control algorithm as the winding tension control system, the results showed that compared with the traditional PID control effect, the fuzzy adaptive tuning PID control algorithm is better and have strong adaptability; at the same time completing the proof analysis and design of the control system of soft, hardware structure, the design process of electrical control system is simulated by using PLC simulation software and Mitsubishi, realize the communication betweenhost computer and PLC function, the simulation results show that the vacuum coating machine have high degree of automation, simulation evaporation effect is good and ensure the coating quality.Keywords: vacuum coating machine; programmable controller; tension control; man-machine interface; AutoCAD2007目录摘要 (I)ABSTRACT (II)目录.............................................................................................................................. I V 1 前言....................................................................................................................... - 1 -1.1课题研究背景.............................................................................................. - 1 -1.2真空镀膜机的发展趋势.............................................................................. - 1 -1.3研究目的...................................................................................................... - 2 -1.4研究内容...................................................................................................... - 2 -1.4.1电气控制系统.................................................................................... - 2 -1.4.2工艺参数的控制................................................................................ - 3 -2真空镀膜机的系统结构........................................................................................ - 5 -2.1镀膜工艺流程.............................................................................................. - 5 -2.1.1顺序控制............................................................................................ - 6 -2.1.2抽真空装置........................................................................................ - 7 -2.1.3工艺参数的输入与显示.................................................................... - 7 -2.2真空镀膜机电气控制系统方案设计.......................................................... - 8 -2.2.1控制系统整体方案设计.................................................................... - 8 -2.2.2控制系统整体方案论证.................................................................... - 9 -3真空镀膜机的控制系统硬件.............................................................................. - 11 -3.1.可编程控制器PLC简介 .......................................................................... - 11 -3.1.1可编程控制器的定义...................................................................... - 11 -3.1.2可编程控制器的工作原理.............................................................. - 12 -3.1.3可编程控制器的主要特点.............................................................. - 12 -3.2.硬件设计方案与论证................................................................................ - 13 -3.2.1硬件设计的技术要求...................................................................... - 13 -3.2.2 PLC型号选择方案与论证 ............................................................. - 13 -3.2.3 PLC主机选择方案与论证 ............................................................. - 14 -3.2.4模拟量输入/输出的选择方案与论证 ............................................ - 15 -3.2.5 PLC控制单元的设计方案 ............................................................. - 16 -3.2.6 PLC接口电路设计 ......................................................................... - 17 -3.3.触摸屏简介................................................................................................ - 18 -3.3.1触摸屏的技术简介.......................................................................... - 18 -3.3.2触摸屏与PLC的连接 .................................................................... - 18 -3.4卷绕系统设计............................................................................................ - 19 -3.4.1卷绕系统介绍.................................................................................. - 20 -3.4.2收放卷张力控制系统结构.............................................................. - 21 -3.4.3张力控制方法.................................................................................. - 21 -3.4.4张力执行元件.................................................................................. - 22 -3.4.5送丝系统简介.................................................................................. - 23 -4 PLC程序设计 ..................................................................................................... - 25 -4.1.PLC编程思想 ........................................................................................... - 25 -4.1.PLC程序调试 ........................................................................................... - 26 -结论......................................................................................................................... - 28 -参考文献................................................................................................................. - 29 -致谢......................................................................................................................... - 31 -1 前言1.1 课题研究背景我国真空镀膜的设备研究是开始于20世纪50年代,当时我国研制了各种蒸发式真空镀膜设备,满足了光学事业发展的需要，进入上世纪70年代,由于国民经济各种领域的需要,各种真空镀膜设备开始长足的发展。