.1. chassis2. driving system3. internal combustion engine4. steering system5. braking system6. diesel engines7. water pump8. the ignition distributor 9. oil pan 10. timing gear 11. cylinder block 12. cylinder head 13. oil pan 14. connecting rod 15. valve spring 16. radiator17. water-cooling system 18. air-cooling system 19. lubrication system 20. oil filter21. mass airflow sensor 22. throttle position sensor 23. intake air temperature sensor 24. crankshaft position sensor 25. fuel tank 26. EGR valve 27. muffler 28. air filter29. manual transmission 30. reverse idler gears 31. differential32. one-way clutch 33. throttle valve 34. main reducer 35. running gear36. power steering 37. steering column1. 底盘2. 传动系统3. 内燃机4. 转向系5. 制动系统6. 柴油机7. 水泵8. 分电器9. 油底壳 10. 正时齿轮 11. 汽缸体 12. 汽缸盖 13. 油底壳 14. 连杆 15. 气门弹簧 16. 散热器 17. 水冷系统 18. 风冷系统 19. 润滑系统 20. 机油滤清器 21. 空气流量传感器 22. 节气门位置传感器 23. 进气温度传感器 24. 曲轴位置传感器 25. 油箱 26. EGR 阀 27. 消声器 28. 空气滤清器 29. 手动变速器 30. 倒档齿轮 31. 差速器 32. 单项离合器 33. 节气门34. 主减速器 35. 行驶系统 36. 助力转向系统 37. 转向柱38. anti-lock brake system 39. wheel cylinder 40. master cylinder 41. charging system 42. alternating current 43. voltage gauge 44. starting system 45. ignition system 46. spark plug 47. clutch 48. gearbox 49. universal joint 50. propeller shaft 51. generator52. crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism 53. valve gear 54. fuel system 55. exhaust pipe 56. exhaust manifold 57. in-line engines 58. spark plugs 59. injection 60. piston ring 61. piston pin 62. valve clearance 63. coolant 64. water jacket 65. splash lubricating 66. pressure lubricating 67. exhaust gas oxygen sensor 68. fuel pressure regulator 69. air/fuel ratio70. evaporative Emission Controls 71. positive crankcase ventilation 72. Emission Control System 73. intake air temperature sensor 74. supercharger38. 防抱死制动系统（ABS ）39. 制动轮缸 40. 制动主缸 41. 充电系统 42. 交流电 43. 电压表 44. 启动系统 45. 点火系统 46. 火花塞 47. 离合器 48. 变速器 49. 万向节 50. 驱动轴 51. 发电机 52. 曲柄连杆机构53. 配气机构 54. 燃油供给系统 55. 排气管 56. 排气歧管 57. 直列式发动机 58. 火花塞 59. 喷油器 60. 活塞环 61. 活塞销 62. 气门间隙 63. 冷却液 64. 水套 65. 飞溅润滑 66. 压力润滑 67. 氧传感器 68. 燃油压力调节器 69. 空燃比 70. 燃油蒸发控制 71. 曲轴箱强制通风 72. 排放控制系统 73. 进气温度传感器 74. 增压器75. universal joint 76. coil spring77. clutch 78. torque converter 79. planetary gear 80. vehicle stability 81. leaf spring82. hydraulic power steering system83. steerable wheel 84. brake fluid 85. disc brake 86. warning light 87. direct current 88. charging indicator 89. starting motor 90. ignition coil 91. air bags75. 万向节 76. 螺旋弹簧 77. 离合器 78. 液力变矩器 79. 行星齿轮80. 车辆稳定性 81. 钢板弹簧 82. 液压助力转向系统83. 前转向轮 84. 制动液85. 盘式制动器 86. 警告灯 87. 直流电 88. 充电指示灯 89. 起动机 90. 点火线圈 91. 安全气囊1、In other words, any automobile is composed of the sections such as engine, chassis,body and electric system.1、换句话说，任何一辆汽车都由发动机，底盘，车身和电器设备组成。
2、The top two rings are to keep the gases in the cylinder and are called compressionrings. The lower one prevents the oil splashed onto the cylinder bore from entering the combustion chamber, and is called an oil ring.2、最顶的两道环保证活塞与气缸壁间密封的环叫做气环。
底下的一道防止机油飞溅到缸筒从而窜入燃烧室的环叫做为油环。
3、With a water cooling system, the heat produced by an engine is carried by coolingwater to the radiator for dissipation.3、在水冷却系统中，由发动机产生的热量通过冷却水在散热器进行散热。
4、The lubrication system is composed of oil pan, oil pump, oil filters, oil pressureregulators, oil coolers and oil sensors.4、润滑系统是由油底壳，机油泵，机油滤清器，油压调节器，机油散热器和机油压力传感器组成。
5、The crankshaft position sensor is used to detect the crankshaft angle and enginespeed5、曲轴位置传感器是用来检测的曲轴转角和发动机转速6、Traditional springs and dampers are referred to as passive suspensions. If thesuspension is externally controlled then it is a semi-active or active suspension.6、传统的弹性元件和减震器都是被动悬架系统。
如果它能从外部控制，那就成为半主动或主动悬架系统。
7、ABS wheel speed sensors are installed at each wheel, and they transmit wheeland tire speed information to the computer.7、防抱死制动系统车轮转速传感器安装在每个车轮，这些传感器将车轮和轮胎的转速信号传给电脑。
8、 Rear-wheel ABS is designed to maintain directional stability and prevent thevehicle from skidding sideways in emergencies8、后轮防抱死制动系统用来保持方向稳定性，在紧急状态下防止车辆侧滑。
9、An engine is mainly composed of two mechanisms and five systems.9、发动机主要有两大机构五大系统组成。
10、The valve gear is composed of timing gears, a camshaft, tappets, valves, spring with fasteners and valve guides.10、配气机构由正时齿轮、凸轮轴、挺柱、气门、带有锁紧装置的弹簧和气门导管组成。
11、Engine lubricating systems are usually divided into two types: splash, pressure feed.11、发动机润滑系通常有压力润滑和飞溅润滑两种方式。
12、The engine ECU calculates the optimum fuel injection volume, and causes theinjectors to inject the fuel.12、发动机ECU计算出最适宜的燃油喷射量，然后使喷油器喷射燃油。