初三英语总复习名词教案★语法梳理 名词知识概要一、名词的分类car ——cars ， student ——students ， book ——books designer ——designersairplane ——airplanes water, bread, paper, tear,二、可数名词的复数形式1、名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词（Countable Noun）和不可数名词（Uncountable Noun），可数名词又有单数和复数两种形式。
练一练：把下面的名词变成它的复数形式season_______form________plan_________bus______watch_______tomato_________hobby_________ city__________ toy________ monkey________wife________leaf________ man________woman_______ sheep______mouse_________foot______man—men woman----women tooth----teeth foot---feetmouse----mice child----children deer---deer sheep---sheepChinese—Chinese Japanese—Japanesepoliceman-policemen（与man和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women）Englishman———Englishmen Frenchman————Frenchmen（三）某国人变复数，记住以下的顺口溜：中日不变，英法改变，其他加sChinese——Chinese Japanese——JapaneseEnglishman———Englishmen Frenchman————FrenchmenAmerican———Americans（例外：German---Germans）（German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans）(五)表示复数的名词（复合名词）police（警察)Public (公众)family （家人）people（人们）the + 姓s 例：the Smiths 史密斯一家人注意:有些集体名词如family,team,class,police等表示一个整体时,谓语动词应用单数;表示各成员时,谓语动词应该用复数形式.练一练：My family _________(be) a big one. All my family _______be) in China now.（六）数词+名词作定语时,这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符.例如:ten-minute walk,an 8-year-old girl, a ten-mile walk(七) 看似复数实际是单数的名词：news 消息Politics 政治Maths 数学Physics 物理1. No news _______ good news. (be)2. I think maths _______ very important.(八)既可作可数又可作不可数的名词：chicken 小鸡 / 鸡肉room 房间 / 空间；位置work 作品/ 工作paper 论文; 报纸/ 纸glass 玻璃杯 / 玻璃time 次；倍 / 时间wood 树林 / 木头fish 鱼 / 鱼肉exercise 练习 / 运动；锻炼light 灯 / 光fruit (各种)水果 / 水果(九)常用不可数名词bread; meat; rice; food; water; tea; milk; coffee; juice; paper; Grass; news; advice; music; information; sugar; chocolate; jam;Hair; ice; rain; snow; sun; wind; work; help; love; hope; weather;(十)不可数名词"量"的表示方法.manya few 修饰可数名词a number ofmuch 修饰不可数名词a littlesome / a lot of 修饰可数／不可数名词不可数名词不能与数词连用，若要表示相应的数量，则需要借助一定的单位词1、借助表示“张”、“块”的单位词2、 a piece of paper 一张纸 a piece of music a piece of informationa piece of advice 一条建议 a piece of news 一条新闻 a piece of chalk 一支粉笔2.借助表示容量的词a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水 a cup of tea 一杯茶a bowl of rice 一碗米饭 a glass of beer 一杯啤酒3.借助表示重量的词a kilo of salt 一公斤盐 ten tons of coal 十吨煤4.借助表示形状的词a drop of water 一滴水 a grain of sand 一粒沙a cup of tea → two cups of teaa piece of paper → three pieces of paper三.名词所有格用来表示人或物的所有,以及领属关系。
表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's其复数形式是s',如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加's,如:a student's room, students' rooms, Children's Day.在表示时间、距离、世界、国家……名词的所有格要用's,如:a twenty minutes' walk.但无生命名词的所有格则必须四、名词的用法1、作主语English is useful. 英语很有用。
2、作定语：名词作定语，一般用单数形式paper tiger 纸老虎work place 工作的地方3、作宾语She learns English hard every day. 她天天努力学英语。
4、做表语Tom is my good friend. 汤姆是我的好朋友。
5、作宾语补足语They chose the boy monitor. 他们选那个男孩当班长。
１．练一练：把下面的名词变成它的复数形式season_______form________plan_________bus______watch_______tomato_________hobby_________ city__________ toy________ monkey________wife________leaf________ man________woman_______ sheep______mouse_________foot______２．选择：1. Some of the foreign friends are________,the others are________.A.Japanese;GermansB.Japanese;GermenC.Japaneses;Germans2.Three______are eating the grass at the foot of the mountain.A .sheeps B. sheep C .sheepes D. ships3.________teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are ________teachers.A.A number of;womenB.A number of; womanC.The number of; women4.We can see two________in the picture.A .apple tree B.apples trees C. apple trees D. apples tree5.Good news.We will have a _______holiday,I have heard of it, But it's coming in_______A.three days;three daysB.three days';three days'C.three-day;three days6.A computer is one of the greatest_______in this century.A、inventor B. inventions C. invention7.________went to Japan yesterday.A.The White'sB.The WhitesC.The White8、Mr Black gave us ______on how to learn English well.A.an adviceB.many advicesC.some adviceD.some advices３．填空：1.My family _________(be) a big one. All my family _______be) in China now.2.No news _______ good news. (be)3. I think maths _______ very important.４．选择：1.The young woman is ________English teacher.A Mary's and Lily B. Mary's and Lily's C.Mary and Lily's2.Her uncle feels happy because he heard from_________A. a old friend of himB. an old friend of hisC.an old friend of him3、With whom did you watch 2010 World Cup Opening Ceremony ?—_________.A.A friend of mineB. A friend of meC. A friend of my sister4. September 10th is ___Day.A TeacherB TeachersC Teacher'sD Teachers'5. June 1st is___.A. Children's dayB. children's Day C .Children's Day D. children's day综合大练习一、单选题1. Lucy and Lily___in the same class.A. amB. isC. areD. be2. Which is the ___to the bus stop, please?A roadB wayC streetD address3. Hurry up!There is___ time left.A littleB a littleC fewD a few4. How many ___can you see in the picture?A tomatosB tomatoesC tomatoD the tomato5. - ___is the meat. Please?- Ten yuan a kilo.A How muchB How manyC How oldD How long6 The boy's name is James Allen Green. So his given name is___.A James AllenB Allen GreenC James GreenD Mr. Green7 Shanghai is one of the biggest___in our country.A cityB city'sC citysD cities8 Would you please pass me___?A two paperB two papersC two pieces of paperD two pieces of papers9 Tony is a friend of___.A. Mary's mother'sB.mother of Mary'sC. Mary mother's10 I only have___ bread for lunch today.A a bitB a bit ofC littleD few11 "What would you like, Ann? ""I'd like two___."A glass of milkB glasses of milkC glass of milksD glasses of milks12 There isn't ___ paper in the box. Will you go and get ___ for me?A any, someB any, anyC some, someD some, any13. Is this your room？No, It's______roomA. the childrenB. the children's C . the childrens'14 These foreign friends are___.A GermanB GermenC GermanyD Germans15 All the students are busy, so___ of them will go to the cinema.A manyB littleC a fewD few16 There are three___and seven___in the picture.A deers, sheepsB deers, sheepC deer, sheep Ddeer, sheeps17 Whose room is this? It's___.A myB Kike's and John'sC ourD Kike and John's二、改错题1、Please give me a paper.2、My glasses is broken.3、I want to buy two shoes.4、May I borrow two radioes?5、There are much people in the garden.6、I want a few water.7、Don't eat too much meats.8、We have five German in this meeting.9、We have many woman teachers in our school.10、Physics are very difficult to learn.。