(1) Ever since the earthquake, this temple has been in ruins . 自从地震以来，这座寺庙一直是废城一片。 (2) the ruins of an ancient castle 一座古代城堡的遗迹 (3) Heavy smoking may ruin yourself (you), so you should give it up as soon
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4 judge n.裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决
• judge sb. /sth. (to be)＋n./adj.判断/认为/断定某人/某物(是)…… • judge...by/from...根据……判断…… • as far as I can judge据我判断 • judging by/from.d expression on her face.
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3 congratulation n.祝贺；(复数)贺词
※congratulations to sb. on sth. 为某事向某人祝贺 offer/express one’s congratulations to sb. 向某人表示祝贺
(1) On hearing the news, Mary burst into out crying (cry).
laughter while Lucy burst
一听到这则新闻，玛丽突然开始大笑起来，而露西则开始大哭起来。
(2) He burst into the room without knocking.
you will feel much frightened .(frighten)
当你站在高处看到令人恐惧的急流和瀑布时，你会感到非常害怕。
(3) Seeing the frightening scene, the little girl was frightened to death
and cried in fright
(1)The teacher judged him to be honest. 老师认为他是诚实的。 (2)As the old saying goes，“Don’t judge a book by its cover.” 俗话说，“不要以貌取人。” (3) As far as I can judge ，the second person is more reliable. 据我判断，第二个人更可靠一些。 (4) Judging (judge) from what he said，he was very disappointed. 从他说的话判断，他非常失望。
(1)They frightened the old lady into taking out her old vase.
他们吓唬那位老太太，让她拿出了她的古花瓶。
(2)When you stand at an altitude to see the frightening rapids and waterfall，
(3) There was a burst of laughter in the room when I passed by. 我经过时，房间里传来一阵笑声。
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6 ruin n.废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产
• be/lie in ruins破败不堪；严重受损；失败 • fall/come into ruin成为废墟，被毁掉；衰落 • ruin one's hope/chance毁掉某人的希望/机会 • ruin oneself自我毁灭
※congratulate vt.祝贺 congratulate sb. on sth. 为某事向某人祝贺
(1)Congratulations to you on your success in the English examination. 恭喜你在英语考试中取得成功。 (2)He has passed the exam and I’ll express my congratulations (congratulate) to him. 他通过了考试，我要向他表示祝贺。
Unit 4 Earthquakes Words and Expressions
Words and Expressions
PART 1 重点词汇 PART 2 词汇辨析 PART 3 课堂训练 PART 4 故事编写
PART 1
重点词汇
重点词汇
1 damage n.& vt.损失；损害
• do/cause damage to...对……造成损害 • damage one’s health损害某人的健康 (1)Damage caused by the earthquake disaster can’t be ignored. 地震灾害导致的损失不容忽视。 (2)The heavy rain has done/caused great damage to the crops. 暴雨已对庄稼造成了很大的损害。 (3)As we all know，eating too much fat will damage our health . 众所周知，摄入太多脂肪会损害我们的健康。
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2 frightening adj.令人恐惧的
※frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬 frighten sb. /sth. away把……吓跑 frighten sb. into/out of doing sth. 吓唬某人以使其做/不做某事
※frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的 be frightened of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事 be frightened to do sth. 害怕/不敢做某事
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5 burst vi. (使)爆裂；爆发；胀开；猛冲；突然......起来 n. 突然破裂；爆发
• burst into + n. 闯入，突然开始...... • burst out + doing =burst into +n突然…起来
burst into tears/laughter = burst out crying/laughing . a burst of laughter/applause/anger 一阵笑声、喝彩、发怒 • burst in 打断，闯入，突然出现