用，表示某一次短暂的动作
①—I’d like______information about the management of your hotel,please.
—Well, you could have____word with the manager. He might be helpful
A.some,aB.an,some C.some,some D.an,a
②They sent usword of the latest happenings.消息（抽象名词）
A.a B.anC./D.the
③Could we haveword before you go to the meeting?话（个体名词）
A.aB.an C./ D.the
类例：have a dream/a rest/a smoke/a swim/a trip/a wash/a discussion/a look
单复数相同
sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species
3
只有复数形式
ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents
4
一些集体名词总是用作复数
people, police, cattle, staff
—I should say it was a succeห้องสมุดไป่ตู้s.
成功
抽象名词
成功的事
个体名词
物质名词与个体名词的相互转换
例句
意义
名词性质
①Ironis a kind of metal.
②Please lend me youriron.
铁
物质名词
熨斗
个体名词
①He broke a piece ofglass.
5
部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）
audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party
take a walk/a bath make an advance(进步)/make an early start(早点出发)
/make a decision/make a change/give a cry of pain(发出痛苦的叫声) /give a try
表示知识和时间的抽象名词转换为普通名词时可以用来表示
其中的一部分
①Many people agree that___knowledge of English is a must in____international trade today.
A.a, /B.the, an C.the, the D. /, the
a knowledge of truth(知道实际情况)
C.much happiest timeD.a much happier time
③is money.
A.The time B.A timeC.TimeD.Times
抽象名词转换为普通名词可用来表示“一次、一阵、一种”具体的行为、事件、现象或结
果。这时名词前往往有形容词修饰
①Oh, John. _____you gave me!
②He broke aglass.
玻璃
物质名词
玻璃杯
个体名词
①I bought a chicken this morning
②Please help yourself to somechicken
小鸡
个体名词
鸡肉
物质名词
抽象名词与个体名词的转换
具有动作意义的抽象名词加用与某些动词（如：have等）连
花儿
个体名词
开花
抽象名词
①Youthis beautiful.
②He is ayouthof twenty
青春
抽象名词
年轻人
个体名词
①They have achieved remarkablesuccessin their work.
②—How about the Christmas evening party?
其它例子：The gift came as a complete surprise to me. We have had some unpleasant surprise
③It is_____work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.
A.so unusual B. such unusualC.such an unusualD.so an unusual
2013高考英语考点语法单选超级归纳
二、名词和主谓一致
I.名词的种类
专有名词
普通名词
国名地名人名，团体机构名称
可数名词
不可数名词
个体名词
集体名词
抽象名词
物质名词
特别注意名词类别的相互转换
个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换
例句
意义
名词性质
①She held someflowersin her hand.
②The trees are now inflower
II.名词的数
规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es（参看有关语法书）。英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，请看下表
规则
例词
1
改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式
man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice
2
give a fuller knowledge of China(提供关于中国更为翔实的知识)
have a knowledge of shorthand(有速记的知识)
②If there were no examination, we should have______at school.
A.the happiest time B.a more happier time
A.How a pleasant surprise B.How pleasant surprise
C.What a pleasant surpriseD. What pleasant surprise
②She looked upwhen I shouted.
A.in a surprise B.in the surpriseC.in surpriseD.in some surprise