• Major works:
• The Necessity of Atheism 《无神论的必要性》 • Queen Mab 《仙后麦布》 • Prometheus Unbound 《解放了的普罗米修斯》 • Ode to the West Wind 《西风颂》 • Ode to a Skylark 《云雀颂》 • A Defence of Poetry 《诗辩》 • The Masque of Anarchy 《暴政的行列》
ect. • 2. many figures of speech: simile /metaphor /
personificiton / allusion / symbol
To—
• One word is too often profaned • For me to profane it, • One feeling too falsely distain'd • For thee to distain it; • One hope is too like despair • For prudence to smother, • Love lyric; repetition /parallel; understatement
comparisons to express his admiration for Juliet: the sun, twinkling stars, a bright angel.
William Shakespeare :Sonnet
• A sonnet is a lyric invariably of fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameter五音步抑扬格 , restricted to a definite rhyme scheme韵律 .
• Sonnet 18
• “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”
• Theme: A nice summer day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever. Thus Shakespeare expresses his faith in the permanence of poetry, of art and love.
form; love; figures of speech • “Auld Lang Syne”: friendship, parting-song
William Wordsworth
• Poet Laureate 桂冠诗人
• Collaborate with Coleridge on Lyrical Ballads: a declaration of romanticism
Robert Burns
• Farmer poet/national poet of Scotland • Write in Scottish dialect • Themes of poetry are life of the common
Scotch, love, friendship, ect. • “A Red, Red Rose": four stanzas; a ballad
Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822)
• one of the leading romantic poets • loved people and hated the oppressors and
exploiters • His wife: Mary Shelley Frankenstein 《弗兰肯斯坦》
• Three types of sonnet
1) Petrarchan sonnet (彼特拉克体/意大利十 四行诗 )
2) Spenserian Sonnet（斯宾塞体十四行诗） 3) Shakespearian Sonnet（莎士比亚/英国体
十四行诗
Shakespearian Sonnet
• 3 quatrains + a couplet • abab cdcd efef gg
British literature • Poor Priest
William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
• Renaissance
• Meaning: rebirth or revival
• Time: began in the 14th century, end in the 17th century.
英美文学复习材料
Jeffery Chaucer
• Father/founder of English Poetry • Major works:
• The Romaunt of the Rose 《玫瑰传奇》 • The Parliament of Fowls《百鸟议会》 • Troilus and Criseyde 《特鲁伊罗斯和克里塞德》 • The Legend of Good Women《好女人传》 • The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷故事集》
Ode to the West Wind
• Ode: a long lyric poem that is serious in subject, elevated in style, and elaborate in its structure. It is written to praise and glorify somebody or to eulogize something.
• London dialect • The General Prologue consists of character
sketches of each member of the group that is going to Canterbury.
The Canterbury Tales
• Some of the characters • The Knight :the first story teller • The Prioress 女修道院副院长 • The Merchant • The Wife of Bath 巴斯妇: the first female figure in
• Define Poetry as “the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings, which originates in emotion recollected in tranquility”.
• A worshipper of nature
• “ I Wandered Lonely as Cloud”: four six-line stanzas; iambic tetrameter; rhyme scheme: ababcc; theme: the harmony between things in nature and the harmony between nature and the poet himself/ Nature' s beauty uplifts the human spirit.
• Place: began in Italy, later spread to France, Spain and England.
• A keen interest in the Greek and Latin culture; the art and science of ancient Greece and Rome were being born again after long years of neglect.
• Comedies- As You Like It, The Merchants of Venice, Much Ado About Nothing, A Midsummer Night’s Dream,The Taming of the Shrew,Twelfth Night
• Histories- Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VIII, Richard III,
Ode to the West Wind
• Theme: 1. Revolutionary spirit; 2. Wish to destroy the old and build up a new world.
• The art of language: • 1. The use of alliteration, capitalization, end rhyme,
• Form: 1. Every stanza is a sonnet; five stanzas of iambic pentameter.
• 2. Every stanza consists of 4 terza rima（三行诗隔 句押韵法 ） + couplet.
• Structure: stanza 1-3: activities of the west wind on the earth, in the sky and on the sea. Stanza 4-5: the poet’s wish to be free like the wind.
The Canterbury Tales
• The story of a group of thirty people who travel as pilgrims to Canterbury.
• A rich, tapestry (织锦) of medieval social life combining elements of all classes, from nobles to workers, from priests and nuns to drunkards and thieves.