If you understand, say ‘understand'. If you don't understand, say ‘don't understand'. But if you understand and say ‘don't understand', how do I understand that you understand. Understand? 批注:释义:如果你知道就说“知道”， 如果你不知道就说“不知道”；如果你知道却说“不知道”， 我怎么知道你知道，知道吗？教师辅导教案学员编号： 年 级： 课 时 数：3 学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：授课类型 T C 语法专题之阅读理解-词义猜测（下） T教学目标培养学生通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义的能力，尤其是对词组和句子句意的把握。

星级 ★★★授课日期及时段教学内容（建议5 分钟）C-阅读理解-词义猜测题（下）专题学完中文的 “意思”！咱们来看看英文中的吧~批注: 一词多义现象大量存在英语中，在阅读理解词义猜测这种题型中也频繁出现，老师可以多列举这种例子帮助学生了解常见 熟悉词汇的生僻含义，应引起特别注意。

（建议20 分钟）高中英语阅读理解-词义猜测题解题技：要求根据阅读材料所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识和经验，正确判断生词词组的含义或成常见基本词汇在特定语境中表达的具体含义以及一些句子的意思。

要求猜测词义的词一般为实词及其词组，通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定词义的具体内容。

代词复指理解题也是猜测词义的常考类型。

用“逻辑关系梳理法”、“递向寻踪法”理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。

此类题型有逐渐增加的趋势，尤其是猜测词组、句义题。

因为猜测词组、句义题涉及题材背景、句子结够、文章主旨、作者的观点态度等。

联系主旨、整合上下文信息是解答这类题的关键。

一、题型特点与命题方式设题类型：批注高中英语阅读理解中常见的词义推测题（如下图）设问形式：The underlined word “…” in the second (third…) paragraph refers to (means) ______.By saying “…” in the first (second…) paragraph, the author means that ______.In paragraph …, “…” can be replaced by “______”.The meaning of “…” in paragraph… is related to ______.Which of the following has the closest meaning to…? (paragraph…)The underlined sentence in the … paragraph probably means that _____.批注：猜词悟义是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考阅读理解中必考的题型。

它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。

考生应学会通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义。

根据以上设问方式猜测词、短语和句子的意思，具体的解题技巧见以下八种方法二、词义推测题分类型解读下面结合近几年高考题，对猜测词义的技巧加以解读。

常见的并列连词and或or当词或短语之间有并列连词and 或or时，其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，由此可推知其大致意思。

常见同义关系的例句Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt was never able to steal money from a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future.批注：作者为避免重复使用endanger一词，用其同义词jeopardize来替代它，由此推知其词义为“使……陷入危险，危及、危害”。

Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. They also regard drinking as harmful.批注：句中detrimental是个生词，但判断出harmful替代detrimental后，不难推断出其词义为“不利的，有害的”。

典型例题When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that Ican’t achieve something. Then, there are other distractions, such asfamily or hobbies.What does the underlined word “distractions” probably refer to?A. Ways that help one to focus.B. Words that help one to feel less tense.C. Activities that turn one’s attention away.D. Habits that make it hard for one to relax.【答案】：C【解题思路】：由前面的other可知distractions是与第一句意思基本相同，第一句话表达的是让人注意力分散的事情，结合上下文可知答案为C。

典型例题Frequently it happens that a place has two names: One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many areas, old habits die hard, and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.What does the underlined phrase “die hard” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Change suddenly.B. Change significantly.C. Disappear mysteriously.D. Disappear very slowly.【答案】：D。

【解题思路】：根据下文“the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost”可知前后是同义关系，die hard意思是“顽固”，同D项意义接近。

常用代词：He , him或themThis, that或it常见上下文指代关系的例句Like Schmid, the editors of several self-published art magazines also champion (捍卫)found photographs. One of them, called simply Found, was born one snowy night inChicago, when Davy Rothbard returned to his car to find under his wiper(雨刷) an angrynote intended for someone else: “Why’s your car HERE at HER place?”批注：them指的是前面出现的self-published art magazines。

However, the question that “moon people” asked is still an interesting one. A growingnumber of scientists are seriously thinking about it.批注：it指的是月球人(moon people)所问的问题（the question）。

典型例题Finally, over many years, the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss. But by then, climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help.The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “______”.A. the energy benefitB. the forest lossC. climate changeD. burning ethanol【答案】：A【解题思路】：燃烧乙醇带来的能源方面的好处可能会弥补失去森林的损失，但是到那时，气候的变化已经太大，“这”也于事无补了。

由此判断，it指前面提到的the energy benefit。

典型例题She smiled. It was a nice smile—warm and reassuring—and I retuned her gift by smiling back.What does the underlined phrase “her gift” (Paragraph 2) refer to?A.Her words.B. Her smile.C. Her flowers.D. Her politeness.【答案】：B【解题思路】：从前句话中可以知道her gift 指的是“smile”英语中的反义关系即表示转折、对比关系，上下句的连接词常用but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。

另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。

常见表示反义推测的例句She is usually prompt for all her class, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.批注：but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正好相反。