1)认为ThinkArgue, advocate, believe, contend主张（倾向）,hold {some people hold that…../ hold the view that},insist, suggest, state, …短语：in my opinion(view, point, eyes, belief, own case, mind)personally,from the personal perspective, from my/economic point of view,to my point, for my part,as far as I am concerned就……而言as far as+主语+系动词+concerned(牵引出要谈论的对象)as far as I can see, as far as I see it(文章中后方)被动语态：I’m firmly convinced that ＋句子Be under the impression that…..Though the crew were at first under the impression that the lost ship had been found, the contents of the sea-chest proved them wrong.船员们开始认为沉船找着了，但海底沉箱内的物品证明他们弄错了。
2)使，让make/ let sb. do sth.——鄙视=enable sb. to do sth.=drive sb. to do sth.=force sb. to do sth.旅游让我们有机会体会到异国的自然风光。
Traveling affords you incomparable opportunities to do appreciate the natural beauties of a foreign country.eg:大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
The majority of students believe that part-time jobs will provide them with more opportunities to develop interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.render 提供render sb. sth. 为sb. 提供sth.——You've rendered me a service.你帮了我的忙。
render sb. / sth. + adj. 使sb./ sth. 怎么样render sb./sth. +unable/able to doHis fatness renders him unable to bend down.他太胖了，以致于弯不下腰。
That he is fat renders him unable to bend down.3)重要的importanti. 同义词、近义词critical, crucial, essential, significant, vital, capital首要的，necessary,indispensable to必不可少的, far-reachin g…ad.+adj. it is absolutely/ indeed necessary forit is imperative forhas a far-reaching effect onii.词组play a major role/ part inBring about 带来Produce产生Exert a far-reaching施加影响/ Influence/ Impactiii. 词性变换adj.= of + n.eg: important= of importance4）勤奋hard-working——鄙视industry (n.), diligence (n.)industrious (adj.), diligent (adj.)studious (adj.),hard struggle & exertion v./n.随着社会的发展with the development of the society,✍as❦as+主＋谓，主句as the society develops/ advances/changes, 主句近些年，大学生一毕业就失业(的现象)呈增长的势头。
[There is a growing tendency for sb. to do sth.]There is a growing tendency for college students to become unemployed as soon as they graduate over the recent years.毋庸置疑/无法否认There is no denyingIt is (an) undeniable/inevitable/inescapable (fact) thatNo one can deny (the fact) thatIt is undoubted thatUndoubtedly严重的Serious/ severe/graveKilling animals is equal to digging our own graves.Doing sth. is equal to digging our own graves.必须指出（point out）It must be noted that ＋句子.(it is also noted that ＋句子. 强调＋补充说明)必须指出勤奋带来成功。
It must be noted that industry brings? / leads to success.{原因◊结果}结果◊原因?——必须指出成功源于勤奋。
It must be noted that success derives from industry.= stems from=(is--◊)serves as/ acts as an essential of小词活用Air发表观点If she were alive today, she would not be able to air her views on her favorite topic of conversation.如果她活到今天，她将不能就她热衷的话题“佣人”发表意见了。
Voice 发表，越来越关注Currently, more and more people【替换】voice growing concern over air pollution.表增长的词：a growing number of/an increasing number ofmushroom vi.迅速增长a mushrooming number ofmount people in mounting numbers 越来越多的人surgepicture想法Most of us have formed an unrealistic picture of life on a desert island.我们许多人对于荒岛生活有一种不切实际的想法。
为了降低员工的期望值，人事主管应该在面试申请人员之前先做出符合现状的工作样本，让申请人能够全面地了解实际的工作情况。
To narrow expectations,HR managers should sample job experiences before the interview to give job candidates a more complete picture about working in the company.=Light/make sb. thoroughly know sth.Narrow the gap between A and B句式表达:1.it is +adj. +(for sb.) + to do sth.(形容词可以是比较级)对于……来说，做……能达到的结果It is imperative for us to take drastic measures before things get worse.改版：1) It is + n. + (for sb.) + to do sth.It is my great honor to be here with all of you.2) It is of +n. + (for sb.) + to do sth.It is of importance for us to learn English3) it is +adj. +(for sb.) +定语从句+to do sth.For sb. +定语从句，it is +adj. + to do sthIntend to do/ want to2.动名词做主语：doing sth3.被动语态It is widely/generally/universally commonly thought/ believed/agreed/accepted/acknowledged that4.定语从句5.强调句（谓语动词不能强调）开头段1.开门见山2.定义法Friendship refers to….3.驳论4.设问适合开放性话题5.引言6.数据法7.个人经历8.排比People’s opinions are divided.Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that…A national(social/international…)debate has sprung up on the value of money…The discussion about(debate on) the value of money has never stopped in the past few years.1.普遍性Recently, it has become a common phenomenon for sb. to do sth.Nowadays, more and more people voice growing concern over employment of college students There is a growing tendency for sb. to do sth=it becomes a common tendency…Outweigh vt. 大于多于weigh heavier than=prevail over vi.It has become a prevailing trend for sb. to do sth目前一个普遍现象是a prevailing phenomenon is that…双重否定等于肯定It is not uncommon for sb. to do sthunrealistic2)讨论和关注Voice growing concern overCause wide public concern驳论句式some people take it for granted that…,consequently, one ignores/ fails to take sth. important/valuable.那么，我的观点是There is commonly held belief that….3)新三表达Air her views on sth,表示现象witness an unfavorable social phenomenon——a mushrooming number of ……结尾段1.表决心Share many efforts to/ make great efforts/ do one’s utmost to do/ endeavor to/ go all out to doAttend to do sth.(努力、尝试去做)抓住一切机会做seize every opportunity to2.展望未来It is only hoped that…….will eventually find satisfactory solutions to the problemsPlay a better and better role/ part in the future3.建议Should= be supposed to=ought to=may/might as well=had betterIt is (high)time that (谓语动词用过去式)It is advisable for sb. to do sth= doing sth. is advisable建议+警告Bear sth. in mind4.强调Only in this way can we….Only when…Only by doing sth…5.表客观陈述We can come to the conclusion that….中间段：1.增强enhance(strength,intensify)Enhance+ablility to do , one’s appearance, chance机会/可能性, value, environment, image, relationship, skillStrength+ ability, link, position, power, control, lawIntensify + one’s desire to do sth.(achieve success)强化某人的愿望,2.期待（等不及，渴望）Want/intend to do打算，想要做Can’t wait to do口语化=be eager to/ for= long for(be longing for延续性)，a hunger for/after, look forward to doing/ thirst n. 渴求3.带来，引起，产生带来bring about(lead to, result in)引起，产生create(cause, give rise to+n.)Bring about/produce/exert /Have a positive effect/influence/impact on=Create academic atmosphere, impression, opportunity, wealthMake a deep impressionbe under the impression that= think认为cause accident, damage, difficulty, harm, pain, problem, trouble, change, concerncause wide public concern4.建立Establish+link, creditability, reputation,5.去除Eliminate + discrimination, gap, habit, pest, problem, riskForm good habits eliminate bad habits, get rid of bad habitsRemove + barrier, obstacle (difficulty), restriction, rule, strainRemove/overcome obstacles that lie ahead of you摆在面前的困难6.探讨检查（斟酌）Explore+idea, issue, possibility, situation,顾全大局take the overall situation into consideration 没有顾全大局fail to….Examine + effect, evidence, implication, issue, proble7.显示Display+skill,talent,collection,information,Manifest(illustrate, demonstrate, reflect)8.解决Solve deal with, cope with, tackle, addressAddress+problem,matter,issue遇到问题meet= come across=encounter面对问题face= be faced with= be confronted withPeople differ in their attitudes towards failure. Draw useful lessons from it9.缓解Relieve + burden, pressure, anxiety, boredom, pain, poverty, problem, tensionease + burden, pressure, crisis, difficulty, fear, pain, problem, strain, tension,worry10.培养养成Foster + interest in music, artistic talent,Develop/ form + efficient working habits11.促进，提升Promote + change, the economic development in this area, education, growth,health, welfare Upgrade + she was ~ed to (the post of) sales director.12.适应Adapt to(adaptability)Acclimate to多用于使用环境/ accustom to适应状态13.提供Provide sb. with sth= ~sth for sb,Render sb. sth.Render sb./sth. +adj. 使怎么样14.替代Replace=take the place ofSubstitute A for BI cannot find my arguments in this regard.我不同意这说法15.保护Preserve(长久性) + balance, environment, independence, tradition, unity, valueProtect(完整性，完好) + children, copyright, privacy, right16.取得，赢得Gain 通过付出得到+ advantage, approval, attention, benefit, confidence, experience, information, opportunity, popularity, power, reputation, respect, supportAcquire + knowledge, skill, opportunity, status, informationAttain （通过自己努力取得不太容易的东西）+ degree, goal, statusAttain one’s goal = realize/fulfill one’s dreamObtain(难度不大的东西)17.倾向于Be inclined to do= have an inclination to do18.专注Focus on, concentrate on, set one’s mind onBe absorbed in, be immersed in, devote oneself to sth.,Focus n.（抽象）the focus of life19.实现Achieve + aim, goal, growth, purpose, success, happinessFulfill + one’s ambition, dream, aim, desire to, requirement, responsibility, taskUndertake the task承担任务Implement + decision, plan, policy, reform, strategy20.损害Impair + efficiency, health, functionDamage + brain, career, creditability, economy, environment, health, image, relationship, reputation21.禁止Ban +advertising, bookProhibit + activity, discrimination, drinking, gamblingForbid sb, to do sth 不能替换prohibit sb. to do sth./ prohibit sb. from doing禁止做某事22.加速Accelerate + change, development, growth, pace, rate, speedGive sth, a spur23.影响Influence, affect, effect, impact24.参与Take part in= participate in, engage in从事, go in for参加，参与An ocean of moneyHeaps of 成堆的，很多的~worry, ~places。