英语构词法练习题一、基础练习A：名词后加“y”变成形容词sun---( sunny ) wind ---( windy ) cloud ---( cloudy ) rain ---( rainy ) snow ---( snowy ) fun---(funny ) health ---( healthy ) noise ---( noisy ) salt---( salty ) luck ---( lucky ) sleep ---( sleepy ) sand ---( sandy ) B：名词后加“-ful” “-less”变成形容词care ---( careful )_( careless ) use---_(useful )( useless )colour---( colourful ) ( colourless ) help---( helpful ) ( helpless )hope ---( hopeful )_( hopeless ) harm ---(harmful ) ( harmless ) success---( successful ) wonder---(wonderful ) peace---( peaceful ) sleep ---(sleepless ) home---(homeless ) value---(valueless )C：名词后加“-ern”变成形容词east--( eastern )west ---( western )south---( southern ) north---(northern )D：名词后加“-al”变成形容词person---( personal )education---(educational )tradition---(traditional) medicine---( medical ) music ---(musical ) nature---( natural ) E：名词后加“-ly”变成形容词friend---( friendly ) love---(lovely ) week---( weekly )F：名词后加“--ous”变成形容词danger---( dangerous mystery---( mysterious ) fame---( famous )G：名词后加“-en”变成形容词wool---( woolen ) wood--( wooden ) gold---( golden )H：名词转化为形容词的不规则变化energy---( energetic) athlete---( athletic ) hunger---(hungry ) pride---( proud ) death---( dead ) science---( scientific ) anger---( angry ) Africa---(African ) America---(American ) Asia---( Asian ) Australia---( Australian )I：动词变名词①work---__worker_(工作者) sing---_singer___(歌手) teach---____teacher__(教师)drive---___driver____(司机) write---_writer_(作家) dance---_dancer(舞蹈家) win---____winner__(获胜者) run---___runner___(赛跑者) swim---__swimmer(游泳者)act---___acter(演员) collect---collector(收藏家) direct---___director(主管) visit---__visitor(参观者) invent---_inventor(发明家) translate---____translator(翻译家)②educate---____education(教育) describe---__description(描述)predict---prediction(预言)collect---collection(收藏) invent---invention_(发明) build---building(建筑物)③mean---__meaning(意思) meet---__meeting__(会议) cross---crossing(路口)turn---__turning(转弯处) decide---_decision(决定) die---___death(死亡)④fly---__flight(飞行) know---___knowledge(知识) please---__pleasure(高兴) pronounce---__pronouncement(发音) mix---____mixture(混合物)J：形容词的两种形式—ing/—edplease---___pleasing(令人高兴的)---_____pleased(感到高兴的)surprise---___surprising(令人惊讶的的) ---____surprised(感到惊讶的)excite---____exciting(令人兴奋的) ---____excited(感到兴奋的)interest---_____interesting______(令人感兴趣的)---_____interested( 感兴趣的) worry---____worrying__(令人担忧的) ---__worried(感到担忧的)amaze, annoy, bore, disappoint, embarrass, frustrate, relax, terrify, thrill, tire等K：形容词的变化a：形容词变副词。
quick---( quickly ) strong---( strongly ) heavy---( heavily )angry---( angrily ) lucky---( luckily ) healthy---( healthily )noisy---( noisily ) usual---( usually ) careful---( carefully ) successful---(successfully ) terrible---( terribly ) possible---( possibly )b：形容词变名词。
Kind---( kindness ) happy---( happiness ) ill---( illness ) safe---( safety ) confident---( confidence ) important---( importance ) different--( difference ) true---( truth ) high---( height )二、高考真题训练1）.用所给词的准确形式填空。
1．It is ___illegal_____ (legal)to drive after drinking alcohol.2．The Chinese people are very __friendly______ (friend)to foreigners.3．David moved ___cautiously_____ (caution)forward.4．The teacher gave them ___instructions__(instruct)to arrive early tomorrow morning.5．Three people have been killed in a bomb explosion(explode)in northwest Spain. 6．One should have the ability to tell the __differences______(different)between right and wrong.7．He is a ____quality____ (quality)teacher who is respected by his students.8．For many Americans the automobile is a __necessity(necessary)．9．Excessive dosage(剂量)of this drug can result in _injurery(injure)to the liver. 10．“Thank you.” is a polite _expression (express)which is widely used in English. 2). 改错练习。
1.The possibly that the majority of the labor force will work at home is oftendiscussed.(possibility)2.We must strength government of the people，by the people and for the people.(strengthen)3.The sperm whale can dive to a deep of more than 1000 meters in the sea.(depth)4.He is a very famous actress. He has played many important parts in different films.(actor)5.Personal，I’d rather stay at home watching TV.(Personally)6.Because of her ill，she can’t go out for the sight-seeing.(illness)7.Thank you for your describe of the conditions here.(description)8.It’s really dust in this room. It’s a long time since someone last lived in it.(dusty)。