当前位置:文档之家› 2016年北京外国语大学翻译硕士考研复习规划,考研真题,翻译技巧

2016年北京外国语大学翻译硕士考研复习规划,考研真题,翻译技巧

2016年北京外国语大学翻译硕士考研复习规划英语翻译基础:词组翻译:《中国日报》英语点津的时政新词和新词新译(每周总结背诵)第五版最新汉英特色词汇词典(共400页,熟记熟背)北外历年真题词组总结英汉互译:每周至少三组翻译练习,练完对照译文总结背诵(推荐书籍:《张培基散文翻译》,专八阅读,政府工作报告,108篇,二笔二口考试书籍)百科知识:1.词条:整理好的1300词条(令可以多看《中国文化要略》,英美文化概况等书)2.应用文写作:公文写作各个题材整理联系,保证两星期一个题材3.大作文:高考满分作文,每月一篇练手4.北外历年真题日语:1.标日前四册---上,中(大四开学前完成)2.N2词汇,语法3.北外历年真题政治:1.肖秀荣系列(肖秀荣精讲精练,肖秀荣1000题,肖秀荣的命题人讲真题,肖秀荣最后八套,风中劲草大纲,肖四任四,肖秀荣时政)2.临考前一个月的小册子2015北京外国语大学翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识考研真题百科词条1、尼罗河2、战略伙伴关系3、四大菩萨4、十字军资料来源:育明考研考博官网5、中亚五国6、日心说7、元素周期律8、丝绸之路经济带9、金字塔10、APEC11、金砖四国12、九大行星13、六部(唐朝)14、牡丹亭15、东盟16、IS17、南北战争18、二十八宿19、《俄狄浦斯王》20、“三一律”21、“新寓言”派22、《菊与刀》23、北约24、苏辛资料来源:育明考研考博官网25、《说文解字》应用文是写一则消息(新闻)大作文是“让失去变得可爱”为题目4.2.4满足译文语境的需要原文可根据上下文提示或在一定的文化语境中将有些内容予以省略,并不妨碍读者的理解,但译文有时须采用增词法,将所省略的内容明确化,否则译入语读者会感到信息不足。

例如:64)‘But,although you are the youngest man that ever lived,’said Charles Darnay, rather hesitating,‘I must still suggest to you-’原译:“不过,即使你是最年轻的人,”查尔斯·达奈犹犹豫豫地说道,“我也得奉劝你。

”改译:“虽然银行里目前算你岁数最小,”查尔斯·达奈有点犹豫地说,“但我还是要奉劝你。

”(《中国翻译》1997年,第3期,第47页)65)I was all but dancing with impatience in the checkout line and sighed with exasperation.Hearing me,he smiled apologetically.站在结帐队伍里的我不耐烦地在动来动去,恼怒地叹了口气。

听到我的叹气声,他满脸歉意地笑了。

66)I never told my love vocally;still,if looks have language,the merest idiot might have guessed I was over head and ears.我从没有把自个儿的爱情说出口,可是如果眉目也能传情,那么即使白痴也能看出,我已经沉溺在爱河里,没了顶了。

67)Here nearly48million people live in an area only slightly larger than Maryland.将近四千八百万人生活的这块地方只比美国马里兰州略大一点。

资料来源:育明考研考博官网68)这只是我的理解,我觉得有些牵强甚至走样,我觉得我懂其意却难以表述。

(蒋力,“西风的话”)This is only my personal understanding of the song,which I knew was a somewhatfarfetched distortion of it.I could sense and feel its meaning but could not say it. 69)女人的生活天地较小,一旦过了三十五,便象吃了耗子药,非紧张不可。

译文一:Women live in a smaller world.When they are over35,they are bound to get upset,as if they had taken medicine for mice.译文二:Women live in a rather limited world.At35,they will be more upset than ever,as if they had taken by mistake a dose of pesticide(and just realized it).(袁洪庚,“阐释学与翻译”,载杜承南文军主编:《中国当代翻译百论》,pp.208-214,重庆大学出版社,1994年)第64例选自《双城记》。

原译可能会将译文读者引入歧途,使之误以为说话的对象真的很年轻。

其实对方此时已届七十八岁高龄。

但特尔逊银行里的职员年纪都很大,七十八岁在该行还算是年轻的。

所以应在汉译文中加上“银行里目前”这几个字,才不会让译文读者产生误解。

第67例中的Maryland对美国读者来说足够了,但如译为“马里兰”,则很多中国读者很可能不甚了了,所以加了“美国”和“州”三个字。

第68例原文中的“我的理解”指“我对这首歌的理解”,译文根据上下文作了作了增补,以明其义。

第69例“译文一”的译者忽略了中西文化语境的差异,因为西方独身女子司空见惯,早已见怪不怪。

“译文二”适当地运用了增补的技巧,以使读者亲身体会中国独身女子的尴尬处境。

反之,有时有的词或词组在原文中使用了,而在译文中则可根据上下文语境很容易便能推断出来,这时便可将该词省略不译。

例如:70)John sat near her on the bed.His face was white as he sat holding her hot hands.约翰坐在床边陪着她。

当他握着她滚烫的双手时,他脸色苍白。

71)Now in the foothills there was his grave--a grave I could not bear to visit.资料来源:育明考研考博官网现在,他的坟墓就在山脚,我却不忍心去看一眼。

72)When the pull is strong,the disc is moved toward the electromagnet,and when the pullis weak,the disc springs away from the electromagnet.This back-and-forth movement of the disc causes air in front of the receiver to move back and forth in the same way.吸引力强时,金属片朝向电磁铁运动。

吸引力弱时,金属片从电磁铁处弹回。

这种往返运动使听筒前的空气以同样的方式做往返运动。

73)Motorists who don’t change their own oil still know how to pull out a dipstick,wipe it clean,slip it back in,pull it out and observe the level.If it looks low,they add half a liter of oil or take the car for a professional oil change.汽车司机即使自己不换油也知道如何拔出量油尺,把它擦干净,插进去,再拔出来看看油有多深。

如果很浅,就会添加半升汽油,或者将车开到加油站去加油。

74)她忽然觉得心头一紧,不知怎么的就哭了起来,那是欢乐的泪水,满足的泪水。

(铁凝,《哦,香雪》)She suddenly felt her heart tighten,and began to cry.They were tears of joy,and of satisfaction.75)我想要他画一张他没有画过的画,我说:“你给我画一张册页,从来没有画过的。

”他欣然答应了,……(艾青)I wanted him to paint me something he’d never painted before.When I asked him,he readily agreed.第四章练习:I.试译下列句子,注意为弥合语法差异的需要增加适当的词或减少某些不必要的词:1.Over the past50years scientists and psychologists have increasingly argued over whether genetics or environment has a greater impact upon human intelligence.(省略冠词)资料来源:育明考研考博官网2.The moon gives no light of its own.It merely reflects the light of the sun,like a huge mirror hung in the sky.(省略冠词)3.Emma slept,and when she woke,she had a shower.(省略代词)4.Hotel staff won’t be overly offended if you don’t tip.(省略代词)5.Trips were made three times a week in summer and twice a week in winter.(省略介词)6.When I graduated from college,my days of ambivalence was over.(省略介词)7.Back in the hotel room,Jon made sure she was settled before he set off.(省略关联词)8.After the light was turned off,the rat had to wait a short time before it was released from its cage.(省略关联词)9.Then what on earth do you want to do with it?(增加语气助词)10.Did he reward you any further?(增加语气助词)11.他抬眼望了望马路上昏暗的路灯。

相关主题