(英语)中考英语定语从句专项练习及解析一、定语从句1. I still remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in London years ago. A.what B.who C.that D.which【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:我仍旧记得几年前去伦敦访问的大学和老师们。
what一般不用于定语从句;who在定语从句中指人; that既可指人,也可指物;which指物。
结合语境可知本句中先行词the college and the teachers中既有人,又有物,故只能用关系代词that,所以选C。
考点:考查关系代词。
2.The last place _______ we visited was Chaoshan Custom Museum.A.where B.that C.when D.why【答案】B【解析】句意:我们参观的最后一个地方是潮汕风俗博物馆。
根据句子结构可知,这里考查的是定语从句,where关系副词,指地点;that关系代词,先行词为物;when关系副词,指时间;why关系副词,指原因。
定语从句中visited后缺少宾语,故应填关系代词,选B。
3.---How do you like the Sun Island?Is it worth visiting?---Sure. It’s one of the best places I have ever been to.A.which B.that C.who【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:----你觉得太阳岛怎么样?值得一游吗?----当然。
这是我去过的最好的地方之一。
考查定语从句引导词。
本句先行词places是物,引导词在定语从句中作宾语,可知用that或which引导此定语从句,但先行词有最高级修饰时,只能用that引导此定语从句。
故选B。
【点睛】定语从句是用作定语的从句。
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。
引导定语从句的词叫引导词,引导词分为关系代词(that/who/whom/which/whose)和关系副词(when/where/why)。
引导词连接先行词和定语从句,在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。
先行词是物时,用that或which引导定语从句;当先行词是人时,用who或that引导定语从句。
(一)、当先行词是物时,只用that的情况:1.当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。
2.当先行词为两个或两个以上分别指人和物的名词时。
3.当先行词本身是all的,用that.(all that=what).(that在定语从句中充当宾语可以省略)4.先行词为something, anything, nothing, everything, thing等不定代词时,用that。
5.当先行词前有all, much, little, many,(a) few, every, some, any, no, only, the very,one of, the only, the last, the next等修饰语时。
(二)、先行词既有人又有物时,或当先行词在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中时,用that引导以避免混淆。
7.当先行词是在定语从句中作表语时,用that。
4.When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_________ a group of people have in common.A.what B.who C.where D.that【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:当我们说起文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。
考查定语从句的引导词。
根据句意:当我们说起文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。
逗号后面的句中是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是 life,表示“物”,用引导词 that,在从句中做宾语。
what 不能引导定语从句。
先行词是“人”,引导词常用 who。
where 在定语从句中做地点状语。
故选D。
【点睛】引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as;关系副词有when, where, why。
关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。
关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。
5.Do you have books about famous scientists ________ are suitable for children to read? A.what B.which C.who D.whom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意“你有关于科学家方面的适合小孩子读的书吗?”。
本题考查定语从句。
A.定语从句中没有what;B.which指物,在从句中作主语和宾语;C.who指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;D.whom指人,在从句中作宾语。
根据句意可知,先行词为books指物,在从句中作主语,故选B。
6.I will never forget the people and the things_______ I saw on the Great Wall.A.who B.which C.whom D.that【答案】D【解析】句意:我永远不会忘记我在长城看到的人和事。
本句考察定语从句的关系词。
A. who关系词,先行词为人;B. which关系词,先行词为物;C. whom关系词,先行词为人,在句中作宾语; D. that关系词,先行词为人或物。
在定语从句中,当先行词既指人也指物时,如:the people and the things,关系词采用that。
故选D。
7.—Have you seen my watch anywhere, Lucy?—Is it the one your uncle bought for you in Hong Kong?A.who B.what C.that D.when【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:-露西,你在哪儿看到我的表了吗?-是你叔叔在香港给你买的那一块吗?后句是一个带有定语从句的复合句,先行词the one指事物“表”,关系词用that。
故选C。
考点:考查连词辨析。
8.This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen.A.that B.which C.what D.who【答案】A【解析】句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的画。
考查定语从句。
先行词被最高级修饰时,引导词应用that。
结合句意和语境可知选A。
点睛:限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况:当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。
如:Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who。
如: Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。
All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。
2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。
如:The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
如: This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。
如:She is the only person that understands me. 注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。
如:Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。
如:Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁?Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间?当先行词人与物时。
如:Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.当先行词是reason, way(方法)等词时,关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。
如:She admired the way (that) they solved the questions.9.Kids, I hope you’ll remember the good old days____we spent together in junior high thoughit’s time to say goodbye.A.who B.what C.which【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:孩子们,虽然到了说再见的时候了,我希望你们将记住那些我们一起在初中度过的美好的旧时光。
who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;what什么,不能引导定语从句;which关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,先行词是the good old days,从句中spent后缺少宾语,应用关系代词which引导,故应选C。
10.All the classmates enjoyed the cake _________I made at the party. It was really delicious. A.that B.who C.what【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。