Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the stars[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]1.This produced a chain reaction, whichmade it possible for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。
句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语todevelop。
这个女孩懂三门外语，这使她更容易找到一份好工作。
The girl knows three foreign languages,which makes_it_easier_for_her_to_find agood job.2.But when I tried to step forward, Ifound I was carried twice as far as onthe earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
“...倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as ...”是倍数表达法之一，意为“……是……的多少倍”。
杰西卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力，所以我相信她这次能成功。
Jessicadevotedthree_times_as_much_time_and_energy_asshe did before, so I believe she will succeedthis time.3.“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking doesneed a bit of practice now that gravityhas changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。
”now that “既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以省略。
既然它对我们的好处如此多，为什么不试一试呢？Now_that_it_benefits_us somuch, why not have a try？第一板块核心单词归纳集释1．harmful adj.有害的[经典例句]Experts point out that fruit juices can be harmful to children’s teeth.专家指出果汁可能损害儿童的牙齿。
①Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer, which is very (harm) totheir health.有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度，这对他们的健康非常有害。
2．exist vi.存在；生存[教材原句]They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.(1)There exists ... 某地有……；存在……(2)existence n. 存在；生存come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在①There_exists a generation gap between the young and the old.青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。
②You can’t imagine what difficulty they have existing on the money he’s earning.你无法想象他们靠他挣的那点钱维持生活是多么的困难。
③Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into (exist)．关于一开始宇宙是如何产生的，科学家们有多种观点。
[名师指津]exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。
3．puzzle vt.使迷惑；使为难n．谜；难题；(游戏的)猜谜[教材原句]How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists foundWhere the lost boy has gone still remains puzzle to us.丢失的男孩去了哪儿对我们来说仍是个谜。
③His last paintings are perhaps the most ,_which even all the artists.(puzzle)他最后的一批画作也许是最让人困惑的，这些画作甚至使所有的艺术家们都非常困惑。
[单词集成训练]Ⅰ.基础点全练1．单句语法填空①I can say that it is the most (violence) film that I have ever seen.②The festival of this year has been a great success, (like) the year before when it rained non-stop.③The conversation was carried on a harmonious and friendly atmosphere.④As the old saying goes, it is easier to pull than to build up.⑤Her (puzzle) look on her face suggested she didn’t understand what I said.⑥The driver lost control of the car on the slippery road and crashed a truck.Ⅱ.重难点多练1．exist全方位(1)单句语法填空①There (exist) a good way to solve the (exist) problem at present.③As is known to us, the Republic of China came into (exist) as an independent country in 1949.2．harmful面面观(1)用所给词的适当形式填空①As we all know, a bad eating habit is (harm) to one’s health.②As far as I’m concerned, there is no (harmful) in making an apology to him first.第二板块短语句型归纳集释take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事It is one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事It turns/turned out that ... 结果……3．cheer up(使)高兴；(使)振奋；感到高兴；感到振奋4．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
到……”。
英语中常见的倍数表达法有：A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as BA＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than BA＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词size/weight/length ...＋of BA＋倍数＋what从句，表示“A是……的多少倍”。
①The red ruler is three times as (long) as the yellow one.＝The red ruler is three times longer (long) than the yellow one.＝The red ruler is three times the (long) of the yellow one.5．“Oh dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now_that_gravity has changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。
”以省略。
[短语句型集成训练]Ⅰ.基础点全练1．单句语法填空①Though injured seriously, he tried to cheer ,_hoping to make his parents less worried.②The two girls are so alike that strangers find difficult to tell one from the other.③ was needed at that time, she told me, was some good luck.④Class Three should be responsible for raising the red flag this week its turn.⑤I had meant to call you, but was prevented doing so.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．I could feel the wind (gentle) blowing through my hair, it was a warm summer breeze.2．Watch out sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly.3．The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times (big) than the present one.4．As we know, getting angry not only does harm one’s health but also has a bad effect the relationship between people.5．It is none of your business what other people think about you. Believe in yourself.6．He failed the exam and I didn’t know how to cheer him .7．After several years of practice, I think I will finally get the hang spoken English.8．All theories come from practice and turn serve practice.9．Sometimes he found very hard to fall asleep at night, so he went to see the doctor.10．There were many fish (float) in the river because of the serious pollution.Ⅱ.单句改错1．There is so much rain on the island that its annual rainfall reaches as many as sixty inches.2．You’ll succeed on time because you are always working hard.3．Do you know when the Marriage Law came into an existence？4．We recognized the possibility and took steps to prevent it happened.5． The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere that his employees enjoy their work.6．The twin brothers stood under the tree, puzzling and saying nothing.练(一)英语知识运用·组块专练——练准度Ⅰ.完形填空The other day I was having a meal in an Italian restaurant when I got a phone call from a long lost friend. In my excitement I talked slightly __1__ than usual and in Spanish, my mother tongue.A few minutes into the __2__ the lady sitting at the table beside mine got up, seemingly __3__，and asked the restaurant staff to find for her another __4__ as far away as possible from me. I __5__ in my seat out of embarrassment, feeling the __6__ to go over and apologize.I looked around and __7__ the lady was alone and staring out the window at the table furthest away from me. I was about to stand up when it hit me that she might prefer not to be __8__. Right then I __9__ my plans for a conventional apology and decided to conduct an experiment. Seeing those __10__ smile cards in my wallet I took one out. On signing my restaurant check I asked my waiter to __11__ charge the lady’s meal to my credit card and __12__ her a smile card instead of her bill.When I was __13__ I told the staff I would be back in a few hours to pick up my credit card and close the bill. I returned later as I promised, excited to learn the __14__ of the experiment. To my pleasant surprise, things __15__ the best possible way. The restaurant staff happily approached me, telling me that in the many times she had had dinner there before __16__ had they seen the old lady smile and laugh like she did __17__ receiving the smile card and the D|S0 __18__. She thanked the staff __19__ they explained that someone else did the job.To top it off, the staff asked me about the smile cards so as to conduct their own __20__. It was an interesting, fun experiment which may hopefully result in many more.1．A.better B．more C．faster D．louder2．A.call B．speech C．quarrel D．saying3．A.tired B．worried C．annoyed D．confused4．A.chair B．table C．room D．space5．A.hid B．lay C．sank D．took6．A.chance B．urge C．pity D．mistake7．A.spotted B．told C．heard D．recognized8．A.attracted B．watched C．noticed D．disturbed9．A.had B．made C．abandoned D．refused10．A.funny B．useless C．expensive D．strange11．A.instantly B．secretly C．slightly D．freely12．A.draw B．buy C．drop D．hand13．A.going B．arriving C．leaving D．walking14．A.outcome B．effects C．rules D．situations15．A.worked out B．turned out C．went out D．figured out16．A.ever B．even C．still D．never17．A.on B．to C．at D．with18．A.gift B．note C．check D．expense19．A.unless B．because C．as though D．even though20．A.shops B．experiments C．businesses D．restaurantsⅡ.语法填空What should you do if you are not able to sleep? The best thing is to try to avoid bad habits. __1__ you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this sets a __2__ (health) rhythmin your life. Don’t drink caffeine drinks in the evening. Smoking and alcohol can also keep you awake. You may have trouble __3__ (sleep) if you have a heavy meal just before you go to bed.You may also find it difficult __4__ (get) to sleep if you have a problem or something else on your mind. This is __5__ you need to relax. As you lie in bed, tense the muscles in your feet and then relax __6__. Continue up the body, tensing and relaxing the muscles until you reach the head. Start with the feet again if you are still tense. If you __7__ (think) about a problem or about something exciting that is going to happen the next day, get up and write about it. That will help to take it off your mind. You can also get up and read, but be sure to choose __8__ book that is not too difficult. __9__， you may get so interested that you won’t want to go to sleep even when you feel sleepy. Sleep well! Sweet __10__ (dream)!练(二)第Ⅱ卷强化增分·组块专练——练规范Ⅰ.语法填空Most Americans don’t like to get advice from members of their family. They get advice from “strangers”. When they need advice, they __1__ (rare) go to people they know. Instead, many of __2__ write letters to newspapers and magazines __3__ give advice on many different subjects __4__ (include) family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, and even on how to buy a house or a car.Most newspapers regularly print letters from readers with problems. Along with the letters there are answers written by people who __5__ (suppose) to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors, and others are lawyers or __6__ (educate). Among the writers, two women are famous. __7__ they have no special training for this kind of work, they can give the readers suitable advice because they are rich __8__ life experience and good at communicating with others. A survey was done last year about why people __9__ (turn) to strangers for help and why the two women were well-received. Most people interviewed in __10__ survey said this way could help protect their privacy and the advice from the women was practical and effective.Ⅱ.短文改错Last Saturday, our school had organized an activity to visit the children at a local orphanage. As one of the volunteer, I took part in it. We took many books as well many kinds of school supplies and toys to the children. They were delighting to receive the gifts. In the morning, we played some games with them when we used to play in our childhood. Then we cooked and had lunch here. In the afternoon, we gave them some performances. Before leaving the orphanage, we had photos take with them and gave them our contact details so that they could keep in touch with one another. Each of us had a happily time. We gave the children our care and help, but in return, they gave us their smiles and love.Ⅲ.书面表达近年来，人们对中国传统节日的关注程度日益下降，而洋节日却越来越受到人们的追2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头已给出，不计入总词数。