八年级上册英语知识点Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?一、短语stay at home 待在家里 go on vacation 去度假 go to the mountains 去爬山 go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 quite a few 相当多 go to summer camp 去参观夏令营study for 为……而学习 go out 出去 most of the time 大部分时间taste good 尝起来很好吃 of course 当然 have a good time 玩得高兴go shopping 去购物 feel like 给…的感觉；感受到 in the past 在过去walk aroundone bowl of… a bag of apples drink tea 喝茶 take photos 二、习惯用法 taste + adj. nothing…but+arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地decide to do sth. 决定去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开始做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.继续做某事 Why not do sth.? 为什么不做……呢？so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于…… tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事三、词语辨析：1. anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。
anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。
I can’t find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。
I lost my key somewhere near here.2. seem + 形容词 看起来….. You seem happy today.seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a coldIt seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像…；似乎…. It seems that no one believe you.seem like ….好像，似乎….. It seems like a god idea.3. decide to do sth.决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum.decide + 疑问词 + 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave.4. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与begin 互换 。
He started doing his homework.（扩展，非必会）但以下几种情况不能用begin .1)创办，开办： He started a new bookshop last month.2)机器开动： I can’t start my car.3)出发，动身： I will start tomorrow morning.5. over 介词，多于，超过，在…以上（表示数目、程度）= more thanMy father is over 40 years old.在…之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与 under 相反。
The plan is flying over the montains.超过： There are over 60 students in the class.遍及： I want to travel all over the world.6. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。
We have too much work to do. Don’t talk too much.much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。
The hat is much too big for me. You’re walking much too fast.分辨三者的口诀：too much, much too, 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数， too 后修饰形或副。
too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。
7. because of 介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。
He can’t take a walk because of the rain.because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。
I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.四、交际用语1．- Where did you go on vacation?你去哪里度假了？（一般过去式句子）-I went to the mountains.我去山区了。
（一般过去式句子）2．Long time no see.很久没见了。
3．Everything tasted really good. -切品尝起来真的很好。
（一般过去式句子）4. I felt like l was a bird ．我感觉我成了一只鸟。
（一般过去式句子）5．What a difference a day makes!多么与众不同的一天！五、语法：一般过去时 动词的过去式——分为规则动词和不规则动词两种： 规则动词的过去式：♊ 一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed 。
wanted ，played♋ 以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词，直接加-d 。
hoped ，lived♌ 重读闭音节单词如果末尾只有一个辅音字母需双写最后一个辅音字母， 再加-ed stopped♍ 以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词变y 为i ，再加-ed 。
studied ，worried以元音字母+y 结尾的动词，直接加-ed. played, enjoyed规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。
请记住：清后[t]，元浊[d]，[t] [d]之后读[id]。
①清辅音后，ed 要读[t]。
worked ，finished ②元音或浊辅音后，ed 要读 [d]。
lived ，called ③ [t]或[d]后，ed 读[id]。
started ，needed不规则动词有其自己的变化形式，只能分别记忆。
(书后最后一页)如： be was do did go went come came过去发生的动作——如：他昨晚做作业了。
过去存在的状态——如：他出生于2000年1月。
定义：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态 语法构成：谓语动词用过去式 加下划线的单词：均为谓语动词，使用过去式。
【语法解析】不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
用法注意：1.some 和any +可数名/不可数名。
some 多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。
有些问句中用some,不用any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。
2. 由some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用第三单3. 不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后：如：something interesting知识点：1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来……3. nothing ….but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来5. arrive in + 大地方/ arrive at + 小地方到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth.11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分：stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事13. so + adj + that + 从句如此……以至于……14. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事15. keep doing sth. 继续做某事16. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/ forget doing sth 忘记做过某事词语辨析：1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照quite a few+名词复数“许多…”2. seem 形容词看起来….. You seem happy today.t o do sth. 似乎、好像做某事I seem to have a coldIt seems + 从句似乎…. It seems that no one believe you.seem like ….好像，似乎….. It seems like a good idea.3. arrive in +大地点，arrive in / at = get to= reach+地点名“到达...”at +小地点（注：若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略，如：arrive here; get home）4. feel like sth/ doing sth. 感觉像是…5. wonder “想知道”，+疑问词（who, what, why）引导的从句。
6. because of +名/代/V-ingBecause+从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。
He can’t take a walk because of the rain.I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.7. enough +名词“足够…”形容词/副词+enough◆作文（一）I had a very good time in my last vacation. I went to the park in the morning. I walked around the park with my dog and watched people fly kites. Then I found several old people fish by the lake ,and it was very interesting. In the afternoon, I went shopping with my best friend and I bought a beautiful dress. We went to the cinema later in the evening and enjoyed a very good film, and it was exciting. In a word, it was a really nice vacation.我上次度假玩得非常开心。