名词性从句归纳一、名词性从句概说、结构与功能名词性从句是起名词作用的从句，其功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。

与之对应的名词性从句分别为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

二、主语从句1、主语从句的类别●以从属连词that 引导的主语从句。

（从句位于句首，that通常不省略）→ That she will come to the conference has excited every one of us.●以从属连词whether 引导的主语从句。

（从句置于句首时一般不用if来代替whether）→ Whether we’ll go outing depends on the weath er.●以连接代词（what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever等词）引导的主语从句。

→ Whoever will be in charge of the project hasn’t been decided yet.【注】what 与that在引导主语从句时，what 不但起连接作用，而且还有具体意义，意为“所…的”，相当于the things that结构；而that则无词义。

即如果从句中不缺少主语或宾语时，选择that，否则用what。

●以连接副词（when，where, how, why 等词）引导的主语从句.→ When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.2、用it 作形式主语的主语从句注：以下几种特殊情况必须用it作形式主语：⑴ It is + adj. + that 从句常见的形容词有：necessary，right，likely，wrong，important，certain，clear，obvious，strange 等。

→ It is likely that there will be a snowstorm tomorrow.⑵ It is + noun + that 从句常接这种句型的名词有：a pity, a shame, good news, a fact, an honor, a wonder, no wonder 等。

→ It is a pity that you didn’t attend the lecture [讲座] yesterday.⑶It is + 过去分词常见的分词有：said, heard, reported, decided, suggested, advised, ordered, thought, considered, pointed out, well known, hoped, turned out 等词→ It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out this experiment.⑷ It + 特殊动词+ that从句常用于这种结构的动词有：seem，happen（碰巧），appear，occur 等。

→ It seems to me that you object to the plan.It happened that I didn’t take any money with me.⑸It doesn’t matter how/whether…结构中的主语从句→It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.三、宾语从句1、动词的宾语从句⑴大多数动词都可以带有宾语从句→ We all expect that they will win this match.常见的动词有：hope, tell, say, know, think, consider, imagine, hear, expect, suppose, guess 等。

⑵有些“动词+副词”结构也可带宾语从句。

→ I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.⑶可以运用形式宾语it的宾语从句：①动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe 等后有宾语补足语时，需要用it 作形式宾语而讲that宾语从句后置。

→ I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.② 动词hate, take, have, see to等词在带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it。

▲（若宾语从句是“WH”系列引导，其后有to be短语作宾补，则不可以用it替代。

）→ I take it that you will agree with us.We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.2、介词的宾语从句⑴一般情况下，介词后面只能用“WH”系列连接词来引导的宾语从句。

→ We are talking abo ut whether we admit students into our club.▲用that引导从句作介词宾语时，需要用形式宾语it替代，然后将that从句发在最后。

→ You may depend on it that I shall always help you.⑵偶尔的情况下，except, but, besides, in四个介词后面可接that引导的宾语从句→ I know nothing about my new neighbor expect that he used to work in a company.I prefer his plan to yours in that I think it is more practical. (in that 表示原因)He would have failed but that you helped him. (but that 要不是，若非)3、形容词的宾语从句⑴sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied, sorry等表示“情感”色彩的形容词后也可以带宾语从句。

→ He is sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather.⑵当主句中的谓语动词是think, say, guess, suppose, suggest, believe, feel, consider时，宾语从句的引导词表示疑问时，需要放在句首。

→ Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?4、if和whether在宾语从句中用法的区别▲ Whether和if在作“是否”讲时：Ⅰ在下列几种情况下只能用whether。

⑴当被引导的宾语从句置于句首时。

→ Whether they will join in the winter camp I don’t care.⑵引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语时。

→ We are talking about whether he will come next week.⑶从句中有“or not”时。

→ I don’t care whether the work will take long or not.⑷引导词后接动词不定式时。

→ I am just wondering whether to stay for another hour or just start off right away.⑸当从句部分用if 引导时，容易出现歧义时。

→ Let me know whether you can come.*(此句话中若出现if，则不能判定if表示的含义为“是否”还是“如果”，容易有歧义。

) Ⅱ在动词ask, know, wonder, 词后，只能用if。

5、不可省略that的宾语从句⑴当that作learn, suggest, explain, agree, wonder, prove, mean, state, feel, hold等动词的宾语时，常不省略。

→ I have learnt that most of the students who are interested in Chinese take interest in English.⑵当宾语从句比较长时，that不省略。

→ We all think that what the public is badly in need of is nothing but the development of economy.(我们大家都认为所急需的不是别的正是经济发展.)⑶当主句状语置于宾语从句之前时。

→ I realized at once that I had done wrong immediately she told me all about this.⑷当宾语从句的状语或状语从句置于其句首时。

→ He told us that, if we could all come to help out, the whole situation would be looking up.⑸当主句谓语动词（或非谓语动词）与宾语从句之间有插入语时。

→ Whe n Marx got to England, he found, however, that his English was so limited that he could n’t go on with his common affairs.⑹当一个动词带有两个或两个以上并列的宾语从句时，此时第一个that可以省略，第二个that不可以。

→ Then he began to talk to us about the French language, saying (that) it w as the most beautiful tongue in the world, and that we must keep it among is and never forget it.⑺当宾语从句的主语是this，that，或this，that为主语的定语时。