Unit1
Rhetorical Devices
1.One begin with the solution proposed in Bible: the poor suffer in this world but are wonderfully reward in the next.(allusion)
2.If they are poor and also meek, they eventually will inherit the earth.(irony)
3.This is associated with the names of David Ricardo, a stockbroker, and Thomas Robert Malthus, a divine.(irony )
4.Couples in love the should repair to R.H.Macy`s, not the bed rooms.(irony)
5.The American Beauty Rose can be produced in the (metaphor)
6.It is then argued that the government is inherently incompetent,except as regards weapons design and procurement and the overall management of the Pentagon.(metonymy)
7.Can we really believe that any considerable number of poor prefer welfare to a good job.(rhetoric question)
8.Murray is the voice of Spencer in our time;he is enjoying, as indicated ,unparalleled popularity in high Washington circles.(irony) Paraphrase
1.Virtue is,indeed must be ,self-centered.
正确的行动是，确实也必须是以自我为中心。
By right action ,we must help promote personal interest.
2.The poverty of poor was the fault of the poor.
穷人的贫穷是他们咎由自取，贫穷是他们过度生育的结果。
The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.
3.——The rich were not responsiouble for either its creation or its amelioration.
平穷源于过度生育意味着富人不应该为产生贫穷和解决贫穷承担责任。
The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.
4.It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.
这是自然规律和上帝的意志在起作用。
It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature or to human society.
5.However ,Social Darwinism came to be considered a bit too cruel .It declined in popularity,and reference to it acquired a condemnatory .
人们认为社会学中的达尔文进化论有点过于残酷，人们提及到它都带有谴责的口吻。
People began too and oppose treasure values of
sympathy,love and friendship.Therefore,when it was usually the target of criticism.
6___the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end;it was only suspended.
然而，最近几年，很显然我们又在试图寻求不为穷人的存在而内疚的办法，这种尝试并没有结束，而只是曾经曾中断过一段时间。
The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned;it had only been put off. 7——only rarely given to overpaying for money wrenches,flashlights,coffee makers,and toilet seats.
以致像高价购买活动扳手，手电筒，咖啡壶以及马桶座圈以获取回扣的情况极为罕见。
Government officials,on the whole,are good;it is very rare that some would pay high prices for office equipment to gets kickbacks.
8.This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction.
这种说法也许是我们最有影响的一个虚伪故事。
It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.
9.Belief can be the servant of truth—but even more of convenience.
信念可以是真理的仆人，但更多数情况下只是一时之需。
Belief can be useful in the search for truth.But more often than not it is accepted convenient and self-serving.
10.George Glider -who tells to much applause that the poor must have the cruel spur of their own suffering to ensure effort.
最近深受欢迎的乔治·吉尔德在众人的支持声中宣称穷人应该承受一定的痛苦，才能受到激励而努力改变现状。
George Glider advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great misery will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation;in other words,suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.。