现在进行时:一.定义表示现在正在进行的动作. They are playing football now. 二.结构: 主语+(am, is, are ) + 动词的ing+其他We are watching TV.三.时间状语now, right now, at the moment等时间状语连用。
会与look,listen连用,表示正在进行的动作。
At the moment he is reading an interesting book.Listen! Someone is singing in the next room.四.用法用法例句表示目前发生(进行)的动作(不指状态) Listen! She is singing in the next room.表示目前阶段正在进行,而此刻不一定在进行的动作They are planting trees these days.五.现在进行时动词结构(am/is/are + 动词的-ing形式)Is Am Are 用法第三人称单数第一人称单数第二人称及复数肯定式She is watching TV. I am watching TV. You are watchingTV.否定式She is not watchingTV. I am not watchingTV.You are notwatching TV.疑问式Is she watching TV? Are you watchingTV? Are you watching TV?简略回答Yes, she is. / No, sheisn’t.Yes, I am. / No, I’mnot.Yes, I am. / No, I’mnot.3. 动词的ing形式也叫“现在分词”,它的规律如下:情况构成规则举例一般的动词在词尾加–ing play→playing以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词先去掉词尾字母e,再加–ingtype→typing;dance→dancing以字母ie结尾的动词改词尾的ie 为–ying lie→lying; die→dying重读闭音节结尾的动词双写词尾的辅音字母,再加–ingrunning, stopping, sitting现在进行时表示将来现在进行时除表示正在进行的动作之外还可以表示即将发生的动作或在最后按计划或安排打算要进行的动作,这时一般带一个表示将来时间的状语,但有时上下文较明确的情况下无需指出时间。
能用现在进行时表示将来时的动词仅限于少量主要表示方位移动的动词。
如:come, go, leave, die, start, arrive, get, stay, travel,do, work, give, reach, return, play, have, meet, take, get to, see off 等。
如:They are playing some folk music next. 他们下面将演奏一些民间乐曲。
We are having an English party tonight. 今晚我们要开英语晚会。
A foreign teacher is arriving at 6:00. Is anyone meeting him at the airport?外教六点到,有人去接他么?某些表示感觉或状态的动词,如:love, like, prefer, hate, see, know 等一般不用现在进行时。
如:Lucy prefers art to science.定义:现在进行时一般表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,简称动词ing形式,由be(am/is/are)+动词ing(也叫现在分词)构成谓语,be是助动词,帮助构成时态、语态及语气、否定句和疑问句。
句型结构:1)肯定句:主+be+动词ing+……2)否定句:主+be+not+动词ing+……3)一般疑问句:Be+主+动词ing+……?Yes, 主+be. No, 主+be not.4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ 相应be动词+ 主语+ 动词ing ……?eg. What are you doing? 你正在干什么?Who is singing a song? 谁在唱歌呢?Why are they cleaning their room?他们为什么在打扫房间?现在进行时特殊疑问句的答语回答特殊疑问时,根据不同的疑问词的情况来决定回答方式。
回答what提问时,答语是现在进行时的肯定形式;回答who 提问时,只需说明主语是谁,再加相应的be动词即可。
eg. What is he doing? He is writing a letter.他正在干什么?他正在写信。
Who is swimming in the lake? Jim is. 谁正在湖里游泳?吉姆正在游泳。
句型变化见下例:They are reading an English book.(肯)→They are not reading an English book. (否)→Are they reading an English book? (一般)Yes, they are. No,they aren’t.(肯定,否定回答)→They are reading an English book. (提问)→What are they doing?Lisa and Tim are waiting for a bus.(肯)→ Lisa and Tim are not waiting for a bus.(否)→Are Lisa and Tim waiting for a bus? (一般)Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.→Lisa and Tim are waiting for a bus.(提问)→What are Lisa and Tim waiting for?→Lisa and Tim are waiting for a bus.(提问)Who are waiting for a bus?动词ing(也叫动词现在分词)的变化规则1.一般在动词后直接加上-ing。
例如:work→working, do→doing, talk→talking,drink→drinkin g,watch→watching, draw→drawing eat→eating2. 以不发音e结尾的动词应先去掉e然后加-ing。
例如:write→writing, skate→skating have→having dance→dancing take→taking make→making3.以ie结尾的动词,变ie为y加-ing。
例如:lie→lying, die→dying4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果该单词末尾只有一个辅音字母,则应先双写该辅音字母,再加-ing。
例如:begin→beginning, run→running,swim→swimming,shop→shopping,get→getting,put→putting,forget→frogetting,sit→sitting要双写的动词一般满足下面三个条件:①单词末尾的字母结构是“辅+元+辅”;②上述结构中的元音字母发短元音;③单词末尾的音节重读。
例如:run→running, begin→beginning要点综述:现在进行时的基本用法1)表示此时此刻现在进行的动作。
与之连用的时间状语有“now”“at the/this moment”(现在、正在),“look (看),listen (听),”:Now, the students are having an English class. 同学们现在上英语课。
The teacher is teaching them English at the moment. 老师正在教他们英语。
2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作,但说话的此刻不一定正在进行。
与之连用的时间状语有“these days”(最近/这些天)this week (这个星期), this month(这个月):I’m studying English these days. 最近我一直在学英语。
3)现在always,等副词连用,表示说话人带有赞赏或抱怨感***彩:be always doing sth 总是做……He is always talking at class.他上课时总是说话。
要点综述:现在进行时的使用场合(使用现在进行时的标志词)1.当句中出现的表示时间的词是now, at the moment (此刻、现在),look (看),listen(听),can’t you see(你看不见吗),it’s +几点钟(现在是几点钟)等时,表示句子要说明的是现在正在发生的事,动词应用现在进行时。
【例如】:①Linda's brother is watching TV in his bedroom now.琳达的哥哥现在正在他的卧室里看电视。
②We're far from home. What are our parents doing at the moment?③Look! Maria and Tom are dancing under the tree.看!玛丽亚和汤姆正在树下跳舞。
④Listen! Our English teacher is singing the popular English song.听!我们英语老师正在唱那首流行的英文歌曲。
⑤Many children are swimming in the river. Can't you see?许多小孩在河里游泳,你难道看不见吗?⑥It’s nine o’clock. We are having classes.现在是九点钟,我们正在上课。
2.当句中出现的时间状语是these days(这些天), this week(这个星期), this month(这个月)等时,如果句子所要表达的意义是在这一阶段正在发生的事,则动词应用现在进行时。
【例如】:①These days we are helping the farmers work on the farm. 这些天我们在农场帮农民们干活。
②They're having a test this week. 这一周他们在进行一次考试。
③Mr Cheng is visiting our village this month. 这个月程先生在我们村访问。