中考英语专项练习之复合句(-)初中阶段常见的复合句包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。
一、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语成分的从句叫做宾语从句。
◆引导词作宾语从句的句子引导词陈述句: that +主+谓+宾一般疑问句: if / whether+主+谓+宾Sam asked me, “Do you often ride a bike?Sam asked me if I often rode a bike.特殊疑问句:疑问词+主+谓+宾:He asked his teacher how he could play the violin well.I don’t know what I should do with the letter.简单句:疑问词+to do：宾语从句的时态: 主句一般现在时,从句可以根据需要的任意时态.主句一般过去时,从句是过去时.主句一般过去时, 客观真理,自然现象用一般现在时.【练习导航】Ⅰ. 单项选择( )1. He asked which film they _____ about.A. will talkB. are going to talkC. was going to talkD. were talking( )2. Do you know _____ bike this is?A. thatB. whoC. whyD. whose( )3. Polly said no news _____ good news.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are( )4. We didn’t know _____ she was ready or not.A. whenB. thatC. whetherD. what( )5. —What did your PE teacher say about your high jump at the sports meeting? —He said that I _____ better.A. can doB. amC. will doD. could do( )6. —I want to know when _____ have a field trip.—We’ll have it when all the work _____.A. you are; will finishB. you will; finishesC. you will; is finishedD. you; finish( )7. —Could you tell me when _____?—At 10:25, in ten minutes.A. the bus will leaveB. will the bus leaveC. the bus has leftD. had the bus left( )8. －Do you know ______ he’ll arrive here at 9:00 this morning?－I’m afraid he’ll be late.A. thatB. howC. whyD. whether( )9. —Could you tell me _____?—She is a student in Eton School.A. where Kate is studyingB. how Kate was studyingC. why Kate was studyingD. when Kate studied( )10. —Do you know _____ going to stay in London?—No, I don’t. Maybe a few days.A. when he isB. how long he isC. when is heD. how long is heⅡ. 句型转换11. He asked his teacher how he could play the violin well. (改为简单句)He asked his teacher _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.12. Sam asked me, “Do you often ride a bike?”(改为复合句)Sam asked me _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.13. I don’t know what I should do with the letter. (改为简单句)I don’t know what _____ _____ with the le tter.14. “Does light travel faster than sound?”Tom asked. (改为复合句)Tom asked _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.15. She doesn’t know how she gets to the bank. (改为简单句)She doesn’t know how _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.Ⅲ. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
16. I don’t t hink the watch will _____ (mend) well in 2 days.17. She said that the sun _____ (be) brighter than the moon.18. I will take back what I _____ (say).19. I wanted to know if he _____ (can) mend the car.20. She said that she _____ (go) fishing last Sunday.21. She told me that they _____ (talk) about a new book at this time yesterday.22. I’m sure everything _____ (go) well.23. I hope that I _____ (visit) Beijing soon.24. I hear that Tom _____ (be) here for a week.25. Tom told his boss that he _____ (finish) the work well if he _____ (give) another chance.二、定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，并充当其定语的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
定语从句常放在先行词的后面，由关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that和关系副词when, where, why等引导。
定语从句的谓语动词的人称变化与先行词有关。
（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who/that/whom指人，在从句中做主语/宾语The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)Mr. Liu is the person(who/whom) you talked about.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
3. which/that指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which/ that is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)(2) This is the pen(which/that) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语“谁的”。
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.（二）、关系副词引导定语从句在剧中做状语。
关系副词关系副词=介词+关系代词why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)1. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.Shanghai is the city in which I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.The house in which I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.2. when引导定语从句表示时间。
在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.[注]表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导。
I still remember the first time I met her. 我仍然记得我第一次见到她。
3. why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.特别注意关系词在从句中做什么成分，或者说从句缺少什么成分。
1.I will never forget the days__________we work together.2.I will never forget the days__________we spent together. ( spend time )3.I went to the place______ I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place______ I visited ten years ago.5.I went to the place in ______ I lived ten years ago.6.This is the reason ___he was late.7.This is the reason ______he gave.8.This is the school ________he studied at 20 years ago.9.This is the school ________he studied 20 years ago.注意:关系词只能用that的情况:a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that.例如:He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。