中考英语专题复习数词(1)英语数词表示数目或者顺序，可分为基数词和序数词.基数词表示数量，序数词表示顺序.知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！一、基数词的构成1．1—12的基数词是独立的单词，即： one，two，three，four，five，si_，seven，eight， nine，ten，eleven，twelve.2．13—19的基数词以-teen结尾.如： fourteen，seventeen等，但13，15，18较特殊，13—thirteen 15—fifteen 18—eighteen.3．20—90的整十位均以-ty结尾.如： si_ty，ninety，但20，30，40，50，80较特殊，20—twenty 30—thirty 40—forty 50—fifty 80—eighty.4．十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-”，如：28—twenty-eight，96—ninety-si_.5．百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加and，如：148—one hundred and forty-eight 406—four hundred and si_.6．hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万），billion（十亿）等前面即使有具体的数词，也不能在它们的后面加s.如：600—si_ hundred，8百万—eight million.7．1000以上的数字，从后往前数每三位加一个逗号“，”第一个逗号前为千（thousand），第二个逗号前为百万（million），第三个逗号前为billion（十亿）.英语中无“万”这个词，我们可以用“几十个千（thousand）”表示几万，“几百个千（thousand）”表示“几十万”.如：2，510＝two thousand five hundred and ten；84，296＝eight-four thousand two hundred and ninety-si_；274，350＝two hundred andseventy-four thousand three hundred and fifty.二、序数词的构成序数词一般是以与之相应的基数词尾加-th构成，例如 fourth, tenth,但以下的这些基数词变为序数词时，有特别之处.1.one--- first, two --- second, three --- third, five --- fifth, nice ---ninth, twelve --- twelfth2. 以ty 结尾的单词，要先变y为I, 在加-eth. 例如：thirty ---thirtieth, fifty---fiftieth3. 以one, two, three 等结尾的多位数词，要将各位数变成序数词. 例如： twenty-one --- twenty-first, one hundred and one --- one hundred and first注意：序数词前常用定冠词，有时还可以用不定冠词 a/an 则表示“又一”的意思.例如：Mr Brown has a second car. 布朗先生另外还有一辆车.He has tried a second time. 他又尝试了一次.三、数词的应用1．时刻的表示：小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词.①“几点钟”用基数词加o'clock.o'clock可省略.如： 5点钟—five（o'clock）．②“几点过几分”，≤30分钟”用介词past.如： 7：05—five past seven；7：15—fifteen （a quarter）past seven；7：30—half past seven.③“差几分几点”用介词“to”.如：7：40—twenty to eight；7：45—fifteen（aquarter to eight.④日常生活中的时间读法常常简化，直接按基数词的顺序读.如：7：05—seven o five；7：15— seven fifteen.2．年月日的表示：①年份用基数词，如：19__年—nineteen ninety-nine； 1900年—nineteen hundred；20__—two thousand；1905—nineteen o five；②年用基数词，日用序数词.如：19__年6月8日写作：June 8，19__；读作：Junethe eighth， nineteen ninety-eight或the eighth of June， nineteen ninety-eight.3. 世纪、年代表示法：（在）90年代 (in) the nineties（在）19世纪 (in) the nineteenth century（在）18世纪30年代 (in) 1730s或1730’s4．编号的表示：①Lesson One ＝the first lesson第一课；②Bus No．3＝the No．3bus 3路公共汽车；③表示住所时不用“No．”如：302房间—Room 302（读作：room three o two）；④如果编号的数词比较长，一般用基数词.如：Page 457第457页；⑤电话号码，用基数词,如：3855633—three eight five five（double five） si_three three（double three）.5．分数的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于“1”，分母则加“s”.如：1／3 one third，2／3two thirds；另外：1／2 a（one）half; 1／4one fourth或a（one）quarter;3／4threefourths或three quarters.half a second; a quarter of a second四分之一秒6. 表示有小数的词用基数词.5.5 five point five12.135 twelve point one three five7．表示百分数5℅：five percent (per cent)，0.8℅ zero point eight percent (per cent).8．表示有小数的词用基数词.5.5 five point five12.135 twelve point one three five9．其他用法：1）基数词＋单数名词＋形容词构成合成形容词.如：一个五岁的男孩a five-year-old boy；一座800米长的桥an 800-metre-long bridge；女子400米接力girls'400-metre relay race.2）具体数词＋metre（s）／kilometre（s）／kilo（s）long ／ high ／tall ／deep ／away等.如：长江长6300公里.The Changjiang River is 6，300 kilometres long．3）表示"几十岁"用序数词，eg. 在他三十几岁时 in his thirties4）倍数的表达：(一倍用once，两倍用 twice，两倍以上用基数词＋times.如：5倍five times).例如：He is as tall a boy as I.He is a head taller than I .He is two years older than IChina is four times as large as Europe.I am twice as old as you. (=I am twice older than you. /I am twice the age of you.) My books are twice as many as yours.China is four times larger than Europe.(=China is four times the size of Europe.)I pay twice as much as it was worth.I pay twice as much for the house.例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1. _______ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing20__ Olympic.A. ThousandB. ThousandsC. Thousand ofD. Thousands of2. Both of the rules are broken. I want to buy a ______ one.A. threeB. thirdC. forthD. /3). --- Which is the smallest number of the four? --- _________.A. Two- thirdsB. A halfC. A quarterD. Three-fourths4). Please write down the new words in the te_t of _______.A. Lesson ElevenB. the Lesson ElevenC. Lesson Eleventh解析：1.基数词hundred, thousand, million, billion 等前有具体数字时，它们后面不能加s,若这些词后面有介词of (几百，成百上千) ，thousands of (几千，数千个)，millions of, billions of 前不可用数词修饰.但可用many, some, several 等修饰.故选答案D.2．答案： B.此题主要考查序数词的运用.3．答案：C.此题主要考查英语中的分数表示法.英语中表示分数时，分母用序数词，分子用基数词，当分子大于1时，表示分母的序数词后要加s.4．答案： A. 此题主要考查基数词的编号.在通常情况下，名词编号有这几种表示法：1.事物名词+基数词，且每个单词的首字母都要大写.如：Lesson Eleven；2.定冠词+基数词+事物名词.如： No. 6 Middle School练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！选择填空：1._______ of people in the world are sending information by E-mail ever day.A. Many millionB. Several millionC. Several millionsD. Many millions2.About _______ of the surface of the earth _______ covered with water.A. three quarter, isB. three quarters, hasC. three quarters, isD. three quarter, are3.It will take _______ time to finish the work.A. one and a half years’B. a year and halfC. one and a half year’sD.a year and half’s4．--- How long will your stay here ?、---For ________ .A. one and two day’sB. one and two dayC. a day or twoD. one or two day 5．When he moved to Germany in ______ , he was already in _______ .A. the fifties; his si_tiesB. fifties; his si_tiesC. the fifties; his si_tyD. fifty; si_ty6．My brother lives in ______ on ______ floor.A. si_ Room ;secondB. Room si_ ;the secondC. Room si_; two floorD. the room si_ ; the second7．December is _______ month of the year.A. twelveB. twelfthC. the twelfthD. the twelve8．This took place in the ______ .A. 1940B. 1940sC. 1940esD. 1940th9．It is only _____ from my home to the train station.A. ten minutes walkB. ten-minutes walkC. ten minutes ‘s walkD. ten minutes’ walk10．There are ______ in this building , I live on ______.A. nine floors ,the ninth floorB. nine floor, the ninth floorC. nine floor , nine floorsD.ninth floor,the ninth floor11．The water behind the Three Gorges Dams (三峡大坝) should be ______ higher than downstream（下游）.A. si_ty-five meterB. si_ty-fifth meterC. si_ty-five metersD. si_ty-fifth meters12. There are _______ days in a year.A. three hundred si_ty-fiveB. three hundred and si_ty-fiveC. three hundred and si_ty –fiveD. two hundreds and si_ty-five13. ---How many teachers are there in your school?--- __________. , but I'm not sure.A. HundredsB. HundredC. Hundreds ofD. One hundred14. There are _________ doctors and nurses working hard in that hospital.A. thousandB. two thousandC. two thousandsD. two thousands of15. --- What's one fourth and a half, do you know?--- Yes, it's _________.A. two si_thsB. three fourthsC. one threeD. three si_th16. Now children, turn to page ________ and look at the _______ picture in Lesson Two.A. twentieth, oneB. twenty, oneC. twentieth, firstD. twenty, first17. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a _______ one.A. threeB. thirdC. forthD. /18. December is the __________ month in year.A. twentyB. twelveC. twentiethD. twelfth19. --- What is the date today?--- It's _________.A. ThursdayB. June the si_teenthC. the best dayD. June fifteen20. She knows a lot about China as she has been to China ________.A. for the forth timeB. four timesC. a fourth timeD. for four times1-5 CCACA 6-10 BCBD 11-15 CCCDA 16 –20 DBDBB。