初中英语语法宾语从句讲解专项练习及答案宾语从句三注意时态语序引导词主句一般现在时从句不需受限制主句一般过去时从句须用相应时陈述句转化that引一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词引导词后xx式。

一、基本讲解1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。

eg,He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)（了解）Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)2.连接词(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时引导词用that,口语中常常省略。

e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the new to Li Lei .注意一般情况下whether和if可以互用但有些情况例外。

a.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用ifeg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.b.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时只用whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go or not?c.if当如果讲时引导的是条件状语从句这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时引导词用特殊疑问词引导词后要用陈述句语序。

E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you?特殊情况==当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时句式结构应为引导词doyou think，用陈述句语序。

3.宾语从句时态a.当主句是一般现在时一般将来时或祈使句时从句不受主句的限制根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。

例如Do you know if/whether he has seen the film?2 b.当主句是一般过去时从句要用过去时的相应时态。

例如I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film.注意当主句是一般过去时而从句表示的是客观真理自然现象科学原理格言等从句仍然要用一般现在时。

例如He said that the earth moves round the sun.The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound.4.、人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语如果是第一人称变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致如果是第二人称则与主句的宾语一致如果是第三人称不用变化。

如“May I use your knife”He asked me.→He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number”He asked me.→He asked me if I know her telephone number.b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。

主句是陈述句用句号主句是疑问句用问号。

如Who will give us a talk? I don?t know.→I don?t know who will give us a talk.Do you know Where does he live?→Do you know where he lives?步骤：1、根据原句确定连接词（that、if、whether、特殊疑问词）2、调整语序（陈述句）3、根据主句确定时态4、人称变化和标点的使用二、宾语从句的转化（了解）简化宾语从句常用六法。

1.2.当主句谓语动词是hope wish decide forget plan agree等且主句主语与从句主语相同时从句可简化为不定式结构。

如She agreed that she could help me with my maths.→She agreed to help me with my maths.2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, rember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词不定式结构”。

例如I don't know which sweater I should buy.→I don't know which sweater to buy.3.当主句的谓语动词是ask tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时从句的主语和间接宾语一致且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时从句可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构”,或者在连代词/副词引导的宾语从句中当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。

如→Could you tell me how to get to the park?4.当主句谓语动词是find see watch hear等感官动词时从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。

如She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.→She fou nd the wallet lie/lying on the ground.xx宾语从句语法专项精选试题习题(一)（时态）1 The girls asked if they __ some food and drink with them.A. tookB. takeC. takesD. will take2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.A. has never goneB. had never goneC. has never beenD. had never been3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.A. hadC. will haveD. are4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.A. could sheB. she couldC. she canD. she may5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.A. travelledB. has travelledC. travellsD. had travelled习题(二)（连接词）1 Can you tell me___ you were born, BettyA. whoB. whatC. whenD. that2 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.B. ifC. whenD. where3 I hardly understand. ___ he has told me.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. who4 She didn't know___ back soon.A. whether he would beB. if would he beC. he will be5. I don't know ___ he still lives here after so many years.A. whether B whereC. whatD. when6. Do you know ___ they listened to yesterday eveningA. what B when C why D how7. He asked me ___told me the accident.A whomB whichC whoD whose习题(三)（语序）1. They don't know --------their parents are.A thatB whatC whyD which2. Please tell me ___what last year.A. where does your sister work B where did your sister workC where your sister worksD where your sister worked3. She asked me if I knew ___.A. whose pen is itB. whose pen it wasC. whose pen it isD. whose pen was it4. You must rember ____.A. what your mother saidB. what did your mother sayC. your mother said whatD. what has your mother said5 Did you know __A. who he was looking afterB. who was he looking forC. who he is looking forD. who he is looking after6 Could you tell me ___A. when will they leave BeijingB. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave BeijingD. when did they leave Beijing习题(四)1.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper___WhoMovedMyCheese was an interesting book. (北京市东城区)A. thatB. howC. WhatD. if—He will help us with our English. (杭州市)A. whyB. whenC. howD. where3.—We never know ___ the old m an is.—They say he is a teacher. (鄂州市)A. whatB. whoC. whichD. whereA. that howB. how thatC. when thatD. that when5.—Do you know ___ I'm going to see him.—Sorry, I don't know. (北京市海淀区)A. where does Mr. Li liveB. where did Mr. Li liveC. where Mr. Li livesD. where Mr. Li lived—Sorry, I have no idea. (南京市)A. /; boughtB. has; boughtC. did; buyD. does; buy7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me ___ this morning. (重庆市)A. what the matter isB. what is wrongC. what the matter wasD. what wrong was8.—Where is Jack—He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan,but I'm not sure ___ . (南昌市)A. thatB. whichC. whereD. there参考答案：答案:1-5 A D C B C答案:1-7 C B B A A A C答案:1-6 B D B A A C答案:1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C CAnswers一、选择题（2×15=30分）1.B2.D3.A4.C5.6.C7.B8.B9.C10.B11.B12.D13.B14.B15.A二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。