Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the sentences or passages below, fill in the blanks to make the sentences or passages coherent and grammatically correct.Fries are often seen as an unhealthy accompaniment（附加物）to our favorite foods. But (21) _______ father and son in Belgium won’t hear a word said (22) _______ the humble chip -- they’ve created the world’s first museum dedicated to fries.The friet-museum in Bruges offers chip lovers an educational insight into one of Belgium’s national specialties. it introduces the history of the potato, (23) _______ originated in Peru, and the Belgian production of fries.The museum, opened by Eddy van Belle and his son Cidric, is located in the oldest building in Bruges. “Over the years, fries (24) _______ (know) worldwide and enjoyed by adults and children in almost all countries,” Eddy said. “We are so proud that they actually originate from Belgium. This is (25) _______ it is absolutely necessary that the first museum for fries should be opened in Belgium.”Potatoes, chips and the various condiments（佐料）which can (26) _______ (enjoy) with them are celebrated in the museum. The building is spread over two floors. All of the rooms are painted a nice chip-colored yellow and the museum shows off a range of exhibits including ancient potato cutters and a video which shows the process of (27) _______ (make) potato chips. And there are various kinds of chips on the menu in the museum’s restaurant.The van Belies are not the only food enthusiasts in the world (28) _______ (pay) respect to their favorite food by opening up a museum. A Florida man, Harry Sperl, turned his home (29) _______ a museum dedicated to hamburgers. “Hamburger Harry” (30) _______ (fill) his home with 1,000 souvenirs based on his favorite food that took around 23 years to collect.1 / 13Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. approachB. consumesC. misguidedD. indicationE. meansF. altersG. enormouslyH. committingI. reputationsJ. concerningK. constantlyIN 1811, a reverend（牧师）of the Church of England stationed（安置）in India wrotea letter to Britain describing a cruel ritual he had witnessed in the city of Puri. During this ritual, an(31) _______ large and heavy cart was rolled through the streets loaded with the wooden idol（神像）of the god Jagannath. Devotees（信徒）of the god would sometimes throw themselves before the cart to be crushed and killed beneath its weight. In the reverend’s letter, the name of the god was spelled “juggernaut,” which is the form of the word we know today. The term is now used to describe a “huge, powerful and overwhelming force or institution.”The last twenty years has seen the birth of a new technological juggernaut with the (32) _______ of the internet, one that holds huge significance for questions (33) _______ privacy as well as control over our very identities.For most people today, attending to social media (34) _______ a good deal of their time. They feed it each day as if it were a living organism. They check it (35) _______ to see if they get likes, comments and replies, which shows them that their devotion is being well rewarded. In today’s society, we have the (36) _______ notion that media is free and that what we do with it, especially when it concerns our private lives, belongs to us. This couldn’t be further from the truth.Take for instance FaceApp, an app that (37) _______ your face to give you the appearance of being elderly, has become so popular recently that even the Avengers got in on the act. While fun, notice that it is free to download. This is a clear (38) _______ of two possibilities: The developer earns revenue（收益）from either advertising or user-created content, i.e.the developer owns your2 / 13picture and likeness.To take it a step further, the Chinese app Zap gives users the ability to swap（交换）their face onto their favorite celebrities in video footage. Again, since it is free and has no advertisements, the company owns the content uploaded by users. This app is also part of a worrisome field of video editing tools called “deepfakes,” which, in wrong hands, can depict people (39) _______ criminal acts or saying things that they hadn’t. Even if these “deepfakes” can later be revealed as false, people’s lives or (40) _______ could have already been ruined as a result.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.What do celebrities do always look so amazing?Jennifer Aniston swears by her “wonder smoothie” for a better body, Liv Tyler (41) _______ green juice for clearer skin, and Victoria Beckham is said to (42) _______ her slim figure by sticking to a strict gluten-free diet.(43) _______ these beauty secrets may sound tempting, our advice is to wait a second before you try them. Health experts warn that celebrities’ beauty (44) _______ do not work for everyone, and, if used in the wrong way, could (45) _______ harm your skin.US actress Jennifer Aniston is the envy of women worldwide with glowing appearance. So when fashion magazine Grazia earlier this year revealed that the (46) _______ to Aniston’s ageless beauty was a “wonder smoothie”, the drink became all the rage.A source told the magazine that the drink is (47) _______ fresh, organic vegetables -- beetroot, cucumbers, spinach, garlic,carrots, celery and kale. The star drinks (48) _______ else on3 / 13one day every week to purify her body.If you’re doing it Aniston-style and eating (49) _______ for most of the week, it probably won’t do you any serious harm, but a juice fast that (50)_______ a couple of weeks, or even just several days, could do you more harm than (51) _______ , said health experts.As soon as you pulp any fruit or vegetable, you (52) _______ all the fibre in them. “With no fibre in your (53) _______, even after a couple of days, constipation will become a problem, and in the long term, your cholesterol levels could be (54) _______ as fibre helps keep them low, “Natalie Jones of the British Dietetic Association told the Daily Mail.If that’s not (55) _______ enough, you could also find your hair starting to fall out two to three months later, warned hair care expert Philip Kingsley.41. A. relies on B. gives out C. takes over D. sets up42. A. continue B. watch C. lose D. maintain43. A. When B. As C. While D. Once44. A. results B. tips C. comments D. complaints45. A. properly B. necessarily C. actually D. helplessly46. A. motto B. solution C. clue D. secret47. A. made up of B. devoted to C. opposed to D. faced with48. A. everything B. none C. nothing D. anything49. A. swiftly B. normally C. powerfully D. immediately50. A. lasts B. fills C. operates D. opens51. A. advantage B. benefit C. interest D. good52. A. expand B. manage C. serve D. lose4 / 1353. A. rice B. diet C. product D. menu54. A. loosened B. affected C. lowered D. contained55. A. inspiring B. amazing C. discouraging D. appealingSection BDirections: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Many people experience problems with their spine（脊椎）as they age. The tissue that protects the joints in the spine gradually breaks down. As a consequence, the bones, in the spine begin to rub against each other. This further harms that issue as well as the bones. The result is pain in the joints and, sometimes, in nerves near the spine.This painful problem is actually a disease called osteoporosis. Some people are more at risk of osteoporosis because of genes that they inherited from their ancestors. Extremely heavy people are also more likely to suffer from this disease because their extra weight puts much pressure on their joints. fortunately, there are steps that people can take to help prevent osteoporosis from developing in their spine.The most important step is exercise. Stretches can help the muscles around the spine relax and allow bones to shift into better alignment（排列）, Strength exercises with light weights or body-weight exercises like push-ups can also help by strengthening the muscles around the spine. However, people should not overdo these exercises as repeated motions can strain the muscles around the spine. Trying to lift heavy weights with poor technique can have the same effect.Another important factor is diet. It affects the health of spine because many vitamins are5 / 13necessary for bones and nerves: These include B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids, all of which helps keep nerves healthy. People can get more B vitamin and omega 3 fatty acids by taking supplements sold by stores. Another important factor is vitamin D. which is essential for strong bones. All of these vitamins and acids can be obtained from food. Thus people can help themselves by including them in their daily diets.56. What does this article mainly explain?A. Various aspects of a medical condition.B. The actions of viruses that cause illnesses.C. Drugs often used to solve the physical issue.D. The location of organs in the human body.57. How does the writer begin this article?A. By predicting improvement.B. By analyzing a series of data.C. By introducing minor injuries.D. By describing a gradual process58. What can readers find in this article?A. A warning about working out too hard.B. A method for improving sleep quality.C. A slogan used to promote health classes.D. A big criticism often aimed at doctors.59. What does the article imply about supplement?A. They are mainly for youngsters.B. They are commercial products.C. they are now being researched.D. They are seldom truly effective6 / 13(B)Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association (GDA). Whatever stage of life you’re at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, you’ll create positive changes in a poor and remote community.We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community’s access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.Not only will you help your young volunteers to develop personally, you’ll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people who’ll become your lifelong friends.This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:ScheduleCountry4-week programmes7-week programmes Algeria 5 Jul. -- 1 Aug.20 Jun. -- 7 Aug.Egypt24 Jul. -- 20 Aug.19 Jun. -- 6 Aug.Kenya20 Jul. -- 16 Aug.18 Jun. -- 5 Aug.7 / 13South Africa 2 Aug. -- 29 Aug.15 Jun. -- 2 Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.Find out more about joining a GDA programme:Website: Email: humanresources@60. What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?A. To seek local partners.B. To take in young volunteers.C. To carry out programmes.D. To foster cultural awareness.61. The programme beginning in August will operate in _______.A. EgyptB. AlgeriaC. KenyaD. South Africa62. The shared goal of GDA’s projects is to _______.A. explore new culturesB. protect the environmentC. gain corporate benefitsD. help communities in need(C)By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’ socea us will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.8 / 13At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, reading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it foudn that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changeing,” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals what we really have changed our planet.”9 / 1363. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about ?A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.64. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Sensitive.B. Beneficial.C. Significant.D. Unnoticeable.65. What can we learn from the passage?A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.B. Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.C. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.66. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.(D)A. The technology has been used at Wimbledon since 2007.10 / 13B. With the data they can easily measure movements of players.C. Now, video is added to the mix of content for AI to examine.D. IBM has also developed a free app to allow everyone to enjoy big tournaments.E. IBM had used Watson to digest video footage elsewhere.F. Before Watson, the USTA had to manually（手动地）go through player footage.Artificial intelligence has been used widely in sports. Among other applications, it has been taught to recognize key moments during matches by analyzing both sounds and images.Now the U. S. Tennis Association (USTA) is using AI to assist in aiding top players. Using IBM’s Watson program, the USTA’s high-performance coaching division has been digesting thousands of hours of video footage. Their aim is to create customized training reports for top professionals and junior players.AI can quickly digest meta-data（元数据）and learn how to process and analyze it. _____67_____“We are treating video like a rich data source,” said Elizabeth O’Brien, program director of IBM Sports & Entertainment partnerships. “How can we actually see all the things that are hidden in video and turn them into data?”Martin Black-man, the USTA’ sg eneral manager of player development, said the data has helped create a new statistic. _____68____ “We are able to look at a player’s acceleration（加速）and speed over the course of the match and show them how their court position improves when they are moving at an optimal（最优的）level,” he said.____69____ For a typical 90-minute match, a “tagger（做标注者）” would spend two hours pulling out unforced errors（非受迫性失误）and even identifying the exact time of the start and end of each point. By contrast, Watson takes two minutes to do that while analyzing trends and patterns. That means the USTA can deliver nearly instant analysis to players shortly after their11 / 13matches.The coaching supplement to AI is the brainchild of Stephen Hammer, IBM’s sports CTO. He helped develop the highlights program and realized it could be used to help with player development._____70_____ The program created the trailer（预告片）for the horror movie Morgan, with AI determining the most emotional scenes that were used in that preview.Similarly, Watson can go through a match and, after being instructed what to look for, quickly pull out what is required for the coaches. For example, Black-man instructed Watson to focus on points after unforced errors to see whether a player performed better, the same or worse.Ⅳ. Translation:Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 在一些西部的希望工程学校，同学们依然缺乏课本这样基本的学习资源。