2019 年大学英语六级模拟题及答案 (二) Part I Writing.Directions ： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Civil Servant Test Craze.Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than200words.1.如今数字化品得到越来越广泛的使用，例如⋯⋯2.数字化品的使用人的工作、学、生活生的影响。
36、根据下列短文，回答36-46 。
Women in 2011 made no significant gains in winning more top US business jobs, according to a study, but the head ofthe study said women are poised to make 36 in the year ahead.The number of women who were board directors, corporate officers or top earners at Fortune 500 companies remained 37 unchanged, said the study by Catalyst, a nonprofit group that 38 opportunities for women in business.The percentage of companies with women on the board of directors was 15.1 percent this year, compared with 14.8 percent in 2010, Catalyst said.Also, the percentage of corporate officer positions 39 by women was 15.7 percent in 2011 and 15.4 percent in 2010, it said. The percentage of top earners in 2011 who were women was 6.2 percent, compared to 6.7 percent in 2010, it said.The research on the Fortune 500 companies was 40 on data as of March 31, 2011. The slight changes in the numbers are not considered 41 significant, Catalyst said.Nevertheless, given the changes in U.S. politics, thefuture for women in business looks more 42 , said Ilene Lang, president and chief executive 43 of Catalyst."Overall we're 44 to see change next year," Lang said. "When we look at shareholders, decision makers, thegeneral public, they're looking for change. ""What they're basically saying is, ' Don't give us 45 ofthe status quo ( 现状 ). Get new ideas in there, get some fresh faces,'" she said.A.officerB.changesC.basedD.positionsE.moreF.promisingG.businesslikeH.surveyingI.essentiallyJ.stridesK.promotesL.statisticallyM.confusedN.heldO.expectingSection BDirections ：In this section, you are going to read apassage with ten statements attached to it. Each statementcontains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identifythe paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by markingthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.46、根据下列短文，回答46-56 题。
How Marketers Target KidsA.Kids represent an important demographic to marketersbecause they have their own purchasing power, they influencetheir parents' buying decisions and they are the adultconsumers of the future. Industry spending on advertising tochildren has exploded in the past decade, increasing from amere $100 millidn in 1990 to more than $2 billion in 2000. B. Parents today are willing to buy more for their kids becausetrends such as smaller family size, dual incomes andpostponing children until later in life mean that familieshave more disposable income. As well, guilt can play a rolein spending decisions as time-stressed parents substitutematerial goods for time spent with their kids. Here are someof the strategies marketers employ to target kids：Pester (纠缠) PowerC. Today's kids have more autonomy and decision-making power within the family than in previous generations,soit follows that kids are vocal about what they want their parentsto buy. "Pester power" refers to children's abilityto nag their parents into purchasing items they may nototherwise buy. Marketing to children is all about creatingpester power, because advertisers know what a powerfulforce it can be.D. According to the 2001 marketing industry book Kidfluence, pestering or nagging can be divided into twocategories--"persistence" and "importance". Persistencenagging (a plea, that is repeated over and over again) is notas effective as the more sophisticated "importance nagging".This latter method appeals to parents' desire to provide thebest for their children, and plays on any guilt they may haveabout not having enough time for their kids.The Marriage of Psychology and MarketingE. To effectively market to children, advertisers need toknow what makes kids tick. With the help of well-paidresearchers and psychologists, advertisers now have accessto in-depth knowledge about children's developmental,emotional and social needs at different ages. Using researchthat analyzes children's behaviour, fantasy lives, art work, eventheir dreams, companies are able to craft sophisticatedmarketing strategies to reach young people.F. The issue of using child psychologists to help marketers target kids gained widespread public attention in 1999, when a group of U.S. mental health professionals issued a public letter to the American Psychological Association (APA) urging them to declare the practice unethical. The APA is currently studying the issue.Building Brand Name LoyaltyG. Canadian author Naomi Klein tracks the birth of "brand" marketing in her 2000 book No Logo. According to Klein, the mid-1980s saw the birth of a new kind ofcorporation--Nike, Calvin Klein, Tommy Hilfiger, to name afew--which changed their primary corporate focus from producing products to creating an image for their brand name. By moving their manufacturing operations to countries with cheap labour, they freed up money to create their powerful marketing messages. It has been a tremendously profitable formula, and has led to the creation of some of the most wealthy and powerful multi-national corporations the worldhas seen.H.Marketers plant the seeds of brand recognition in very young children, in the hopes that the seeds will grow into lifetime relationships. According to the Center for a New American Dream, babies as young as six months of age can form mental images of corporate logos and mascots. Brand loyalties can be established as early as age two, and by the time children head off to school most can recognize hundreds of brand logos. While fast food, toy and clothing companies have been cultivating brand recognition in children for years,adult-oriented businesses such as banks and automakersare now getting in on the act.Buzz or Street MarketingI. The challenge for marketers is to cut through theintense advertising clutter(杂乱) in young people's lives.Many companies are using "buzz marketing" --a new twist onthe tried-and-true "word of mouth" method. The idea is tofind the coolest kids in a community and have them use orwear your product in order to create a buzz around it. Buzz,or "street marketing", as it's also called, can help acompany to successfully connect with the elusive (难找的) teen market by using trendsetters to give them products"cool" status.J. Buzz marketing is particularly well-suited to theInteract, where young "Net promoters" use chat roomsand blogs to spread the word about music, clothes andother products among unsuspecting users.Commercialization in EducationK. School used to be a place where children wereprotected from the advertising and consumer messages that permeated their world--but not anymore. Budget shortfalls (亏空，差额 ) are forcing school boards to allow corporationsaccess to students in exchange for badly needed cash,computers and educational materials.L. Corporations realizethe power of the school environment for promoting theirname and products. A school setting delivers a captive youthaudience and implies the endorsement of teachers and theeducational system. Marketers are eagerly exploiting thismedium in a number of ways, including：1 ) sponsored educational materials; 2) supplying schools with technologyin exchange for high company visibility; 3) advertisingposted in classrooms, school buses, on computers in exchangefor funds; 4) contests and incentive programs：for example, the Pizza Hut reading incentives program in whichchildren receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve amonthly reading goal; 5 ) sponsoring school events.The InternetM. The Internet is an extremely desirable medium for marketers wanting to target children. It's part of youth culture.This generation of young people is growing up with the Interactas a daily and routine part of their lives. Kids are often online alone, without parental supervision. Unlike broadcasting media, which have codes regarding advertising to kids, the Interact is unregulated. Sophisticated technologies make it easy to collect information from young people for marketing research, and totarget individual children with personalized advertising.Marketing Adult Entertainment to KidsN . Children are often aware of and want to seeentertainment meant for older audiences because it is actively marketed to them. In a report released in 2000, the U.S.Federal Trade Commission (FTC) revealed how the movie,music and video games industries routinely market violent entertainment to young children.O.The FTC studied 44 films rated "Restricted", anddiscovered that 80 per cent were targeted to children under17.Marketing plans included TV commercials run during hours when young viewers were most likely to be watching. The FTC report also highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children. Mature rated video games are advertised in youth magazines; and toys based on "Restricted" movies and M-rated video games are marketed to children as young as four.Guilt can affect parents' spending decisions becausethey don't have enough time for their kids.47、The Center for a New American Dream pointed out that brand loyalties could be formed as early as age two.48、School boards allow corporations to access to students because they need money and educational materials badly.49、The FTC report highlighted the fact that toys basedon characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children.50、For this generation of young people, the Internet isa daily and routine part of their lives.51、According to Kid fluence, "persistence nagging" isless effective than the more sophisticated "importance nagging".52、According to a report released by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, the movie, music and video games industries usually market violent entertainment to young children.53、Buzz marketing is well-suited to the Internet because the interactive environment can spread messages effectively.54、A group of U.S. mental health professionals thinkthat it is unethical to use child psychologists to helpmarketers target kids.55、According to the Pizza Hut reading incentives program, children will receive certificates for free pizza if theyachieve a monthly reading goal.Section CDirections ： There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D ). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.56、根据下列短文，回答56-61 题。